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Topic: Anal cancer

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	Anal Cancer
		Anal cancer, an uncommon cancer, is a disease in which cancer (malignant) cells are found in the anus.
		Cancer in the outer part of the anus is more likely to occur in men; cancer of the inner part of the rectum (anal canal) is more likely to occur in women.
		Stage IIIB Cancer has spread to the lymph nodes in the middle of the abdomen or in the groin, or the cancer has spread to both nearby organs and the lymph nodes around the rectum.
	www.cancer-info.com /analcanc.htm (1395 words)

	Anal Cancer and HPV in Gay and Bisexual Men - LGBTHealthChannel
		Anal cancer is an uncommon, often curable cancer that produces slow-growing tumors and lesions in the anus and nearby anal anatomy.
		The majority of anal cancers are squamous cell carcinomas (in situ or epidermoid), which originate in the first layer of anal tissue and may spread to deeper layers.
		The remaining anal cancers are basal cell carcinoma and malignant melanoma.
	www.lgbthealthchannel.com /msmcancer (976 words)

	Anal Cancer and HPV in Men Who Have Sex with Men - LGBT Health Channel - Gay Men
		Anal cancer is an uncommon, often curable cancer that produces slow-growing tumors and lesions in the anus and nearby anal anatomy.
		The majority of anal cancers are squamous cell carcinomas (in situ or epidermoid), which originate in the first layer of anal tissue and may spread to deeper layers.
		The remaining anal cancers are basal cell carcinoma and malignant melanoma.
	www.gayhealthchannel.com /msmcancer (843 words)

	Hemorrhoid.net - Anal Cancer
		Anal cancer is an uncommon malignancy, accounting for only a small percentage (4%) of all cancers of the lower alimentary tract.
		Overall, the risk of anal cancer is rising, with data suggesting that individuals with human papillomavirus, and male homosexuals in particular, are at increased risk of anal cancer.
		Cancer has spread beyond the top layer of anal tissue and is larger than 2 centimeters in diameter, but has not spread to nearby organs or lymph nodes (small, bean-shaped structures found throughout the body that produce and store infection-fighting cells).
	www.hemorrhoid.net /analcancer.php (1716 words)

	Cancer Information, Research, and Treatment for all Types of Cancer \| OncoLink
		Anal cancer is a malignant tumor of either the anal canal or anal verge.
		Cancers arising from the anal verge represent 25% of all anal cancers and are often treated like skin cancers; however, they often respond more poorly to treatment than do other skin cancers or cancers of the anal canal.
		Cancers of the anal canal are more common in women, while the incidence of cancers of the anal verge is roughly equal in both men and women.
	www.oncolink.com /types/section.cfm?c=5&s=10 (3377 words)

	ACS :: Can Anal Cancer Be Prevented?
		Since the cause of many cases of anal cancer is unknown and some people with anal cancer have no known risk factors, it is not possible to prevent this disease completely.
		The best way to reduce the risk of developing anal cancer is to avoid sexual practices that carry a high risk of HPV infection and HIV infection, particularly having multiple partners and having unprotected anal sex.
		Smoking is a known risk factor for anal cancer.
	www.cancer.org /docroot/CRI/content/CRI_2_4_2X_Can_Anal_Cancer_be_prevented_47.asp?sitearea (327 words)

	ACS :: How Is Anal Cancer Diagnosed?
		Anal cancer is often fairly easy to diagnose because it is in a fairly easy-to-reach area.
		Although some cases of anal cancer in people at high risk for that disease are diagnosed by screening tests, such as the digital rectal exam and/or anal Pap test, most people are diagnosed after their cancer starts to cause symptoms.
		To distinguish between an infection or a cancer, your doctor may use a thin needle to withdraw a small sample of fluid and tissue from the lymph node.
	www.cancer.org /docroot/CRI/content/CRI_2_4_3X_How_Is_Anal_Cancer_Diagnosed_47.asp?sitearea= (1641 words)

	ACS :: What Is Anal Cancer?
		The anal canal is the tube that connects the lower part of the large intestine (rectum) to the outside of the body, allowing feces (stool) to pass out through the anus during a bowel movement.
		The anal canal is the tube that goes from the rectum to the anal margin (where the canal meets the outside skin at the anus).
		Adenocarcinomas: A small number of anal cancers are known as adenocarcinomas, which develop in glands located under the anal mucosa that release their secretions into the anal canal.
	www.cancer.org /docroot/CRI/content/CRI_2_4_1X_What_is_anal_cancer_47.asp?sitearea (1180 words)

	Anal cancer
		Approximately half of anal cancers are squamous cell carcinomas, which arise from the cells lining the anal margin and the anal canal.
		The anal margin is the part of the anus that is half inside and half outside the body, and the anal canal is the part of the anus that is inside the body.
		Stage II anal cancer has spread beyond the top layer of anal tissue and is larger than 1 inch in diameter, but has not spread to nearby organs or lymph nodes.
	www.lifesteps.com /gm/Atoz/ency/anal_cancer.jsp (1516 words)

	Anal Cancer
		Cancer describes a set of diseases in which normal cells in the body, through a series of genetic changes, lose the ability to control their growth and to respect their neighbors.
		Anal cancer arises from the cells around the anal opening (verge) or within the anal canal (1-2 inches long) up to its junction with the rectum.
		Anal cancers are unusual tumors arising from the skin or mucosa of the anal canal.
	www.med.nyu.edu /crs/info/anorectal10.html (967 words)

	Anal Cancer, The Cancer Information Network
		The cancer has spread beyond the top layer of anal tissue, is smaller than 2 centimeters in diameter (less than 1 inch), but has not spread to the muscle tissue of the sphincter.
		Cancer has spread beyond the top layer of anal tissue and is larger than 2 centimeters in diameter, but has not spread to nearby organs or lymph nodes (small, bean-shaped structures found throughout the body that produce and store infection-fighting cells).
		Cancer has spread to the lymph nodes in the middle of the abdomen or in the groin, or the cancer has spread to both nearby organs and the lymph nodes around the rectum.
	www.cancerlinksusa.com /analcancer/nci_physician.asp (1699 words)

	Anal cancer : Cancerbackup
		Anal cancer is also more common in people who have a lowered immunity due to medical conditions, such as HIV.
		Anal cancer can appear as an ulcerated area and may spread to the skin of the buttocks.
		Stage 3B The cancer has either spread to the lymph nodes in the groin and pelvis, or to the lymph nodes close to the anus as well as nearby organs, such as the bladder or vagina.
	www.cancerbackup.org.uk /Cancertype/Anal/Analcancer (2146 words)

	Anal cancer
		Anal cancer is an uncommon malignancy, accounting for only a small percentage (4%) of all cancers of the lower alimentary tract.
		Overall, the risk of anal cancer is rising, with data suggesting that male homosexuals, in particular, are at increased risk of anal cancer.[3]
		Stage IIIA anal cancer presents clinically as stage II in most instances and is determined to be IIIA by clinically evident perirectal nodal disease or adjacent organ involvement.
	www.meds.com /pdq/anal_pro.html (2746 words)

	The Body: Surviving Anal Cancer
		He was later diagnosed with anal cancer due to an egg shaped tumor in his anus.
		Cervical or anal intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN or AIN) refers to an abnormal growth within the cells lining the cervix or anus and is graded as warts (condyloma), grade 1, grade 2 or grade 3.
		Although anal cancer is relatively rare we may be sitting on a time bomb unless doctors are willing to make anal pap smears a part of routine medical care, and patients are willing to speak out about their own anal health, despite the unease and awkwardness of this area of health care.
	www.thebody.com /tpan/mayjun_04/anal_cancer.html (1491 words)

	Anal Cancer
		In anal cancer, malignant cells (cancerous cells) are found in the anus.
		Sometimes people confuse the general symptoms of anal cancer with symptoms from hemorrhoids, and the correct diagnosis is often delayed.
		The diagnosis of anal cancer is made by performing a biopsy of the abnormal area, in the operating room.
	www.csmc.edu /7198.html (427 words)

	Information on anal cancer
		Anal cancer is a disease in which cancer cells are found in the anus.
		Some of the symptoms are: bleeding, pain and discomfort in the anal area, itching or discharge from the anus, or a lump near the anus.
		Cancer has spread to the lymph nodes around the rectum or to nearby organs such as the vagina or bladder.
	www.mamashealth.com /cancer/analcancer.asp (488 words)

	Anal Cancer: (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Anal cancer is a disease in which malignant (cancer) cells form in the tissues of the anus.
		For anal cancer, a CT scan of the pelvis and abdomen may be done.
		Chemotherapy is a cancer treatment that uses drugs to stop the growth of cancer cells, either by killing the cells or by stopping the cells from dividing.
	www.acor.org /cnet/258179.html (2779 words)

	ACS :: What Are the Key Statistics About Anal Cancer?
		Anal cancer is fairly rare -- much less common than cancer of the colon or rectum.
		Anal cancer is found mainly in adults, with the average age being in the early 60s.
		Women are more likely to have cancers inside the anus (the anal canal), while anal tumors in men tend to develop on the outside of the anus.
	www.cancer.org /docroot/CRI/content/CRI_2_4_1X_What_are_the_key_statistics_for_Anal_Cancer_47.asp?sitearea= (199 words)

	NEJM -- Sexual practices, sexually transmitted diseases, and the incidence of anal cancer
		To elucidate the risk factors for anal cancer, we interviewed and obtained blood specimens from 148 persons with anal cancer and from 166 controls with colon cancer in whom these diseases were diagnosed during 1978-1985.
		We found that in men, a history of receptive anal intercourse (related to homosexual behavior) was strongly associated with the occurrence of anal cancer (relative risk, 33.1; 95 percent confidence interval, 4.0 to 272.1).
		Anal intercourse was only weakly associated with the risk of anal cancer in women (relative risk, 1.8; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.7 to 4.2).
	content.nejm.org /cgi/content/abstract/317/16/973 (772 words)

	ACS :: What's New in Anal Cancer Research and Treatment?
		Important research into anal cancer is currently underway in many hospitals, medical centers, and other institutions around the country.
		A vaccine that has been shown to protect against infection with HPV types 16 and 18 (the types linked with many anal cancers) is now available for use in young women before they become sexually active, with the intent to reduce the risk of cervical cancers and pre-cancers.
		Anal cytology, sometimes called the anal Pap test because it is similar to the Pap test for cervical cancer, may be useful in early diagnosis of anal cancer and even in finding pre-cancerous changes called anal intraepithelial neoplasia (AIN).
	www.cancer.org /docroot/CRI/content/CRI_2_4_6X_Whats_new_in_anal_cancer_research_and_treatment_47.asp?sitearea (673 words)

	Anal Cancer Treatment - National Cancer Institute
		Anal cancer is a disease in which malignant (cancer) cells form in the tissues of the anus.
		Possible signs of anal cancer include bleeding from the anus or rectum or a lump near the anus.
		The anal canal, the part of the anus between the rectum and the anal opening, is about 1Â½ inches long.
	www.cancer.gov /cancerinfo/pdq/treatment/anal/patient (550 words)

	Anal Cancer: Tumors of the Digestive System: Merck Manual Home Edition
		Anal cancer develops in the skin cells of the immediate area around the anus or in the lining of the transitional zone between the anus and the rectum (the anal canal).
		Unlike the rectum and the large intestine, in which cancers are almost always adenocarcinomas, cancers of the anus are primarily squamous cell carcinomas.
		Anal cancer is almost twice as common in women as in men.
	www.merck.com /mmhe/ag/sec09/ch131/ch131j.html (365 words)

	Anal Cancer
		Overall, the risk of anal cancer is rising, with data suggesting that individuals with human papillomavirus and male homosexuals, in particular, are at increased risk of anal cancer.[3-5] References: 1.
		Stage 0 anal cancer corresponds to the following TNM grouping: Tis, N0, M0 -- Stage I -- Stage I anal cancer is cancer that is 2 centimeters or less in greatest dimension and that has not spread anywhere else.
		Small tumors of the perianal skin or anal margin not involving the anal sphincter may be adequately treated with local resection.[2] 2.
	www.medhelp.org /lib/cancernet/100022.htm (2887 words)

	Anal cancer
		Overall, the risk of anal cancer is rising, with data suggesting that individuals with human papillomavirus and male homosexuals, in particular, are at increased risk of anal cancer.[3-5]
		Stage I anal cancer is cancer that is 2 centimeters or less in greatest dimension and that has not spread anywhere else.
		Stage IIIB anal cancer is cancer that has spread to internal iliac and/or inguinal nodes (unilateral or bilateral) or has spread to both adjacent organs and perirectal lymph nodes.
	www.meb.uni-bonn.de /Cancernet/100022.html (3148 words)

	Anal Cancer: (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Overall, the risk of anal cancer is rising, with data suggesting that persons engaging in certain sexual practices, such as receptive anal intercourse, or persons with a high lifetime number of sexual partners are at increased risk of anal cancer.
		All other stage I cancers of the anal canal that involve the anal sphincter or are too large for complete local excision are treated with external-beam radiation therapy with or without chemotherapy.
		All other stage II cancers of the anal canal that involve the anal sphincter or are too large for complete local excision are treated with external-beam radiation therapy plus chemotherapy.
	www.acor.org /cnet/62898.html (3137 words)

	MedlinePlus: Anal Cancer
		Anal cancer is a rare type of cancer.
		Anal cancer is a disease in which cancer cells form in the tissues of the anus.
		Anal itching and discharge can also be signs of anal cancer.
	www.nlm.nih.gov /medlineplus/analcancer.html (251 words)

	Anal Cancer
		In anal cancer, malignant cells (cancerous cells) are found in the anus.
		Sometimes people confuse the general symptoms of anal cancer with symptoms from hemorrhoids, and the correct diagnosis is often delayed.
		The diagnosis of anal cancer is made by performing a biopsy of the abnormal area, in the operating room.
	www.cedars-sinai.edu /7198.html (439 words)

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