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Topic: Analog (chemistry)

	Category:Chemistry - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Chemistry is the science of matter, its structure and properties, and the transformations it undergoes.
		It is often called "the central science" because it is not concerned with the fundamental energy or forces that hold matter together studied in physics or the consequences and characteristic of complex organisms studied in biology (see physics, biology).
		Consequently, chemistry includes the study of microscopic phenomena, such as clusters of atoms and their characteristics on the nanometre scale, and macroscopic phenomena, such as the interaction of proteins and DNA in complex solutions and the properties of new materials.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Category:Chemistry (228 words)

	Analog (disambiguation) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In chemistry, a structural derivative of a parent compound that often differs from it by a single element, see analog (chemistry).
		The spelling analog is predominant in American English, whilst analogue is used in Commonwealth English; see og/ogue.
		However, the spellings given above should be retained in cases where it forms part of a name or is an acronym.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Analog (146 words)

	Chemistry, Department of
		In chemistry, these requirements are met by a combination of lecture courses, elective or special topics courses, and topical and non-topical research courses.
		The chemistry of coordination and organometallic compounds is described, emphasizing structure, reactivity, and synthesis.
		Chemistry 701, 702 provides graduate students with an introduction to the theory and practice of scientific research and professional development.
	www.virginia.edu /registrar/records/gradrec/chapter5/chapter5-22.htm (2031 words)

	Combinatorial Chemistry
		Combinatorial chemistry's potential for accelerating drug discovery-its primary focus so far-has proven to be so compelling that few if any pharmaceutical companies have been able to ignore it, even if they may have wanted to.
		Combinatorial chemistry has been referred to in various ways, such as "molecular evolution," "in vitro selection," and" molecular diversity." But Persidis said he believes there is a need for a term that is more encompassing.
		Chemistry professor Kim D. Janda of Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, agreed with Houghten's point about economics." I cannot compete with a major pharmaceutical or biotech company to make libraries," said Janda, noting that government grants for combinatorial research can be difficult to get.
	pubs.acs.org /hotartcl/cenear/980406/comb.html (7598 words)

	Erowid Analog Law Vault : Federal Controlled Substance Analogue Act Summary (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		One might say, imprecisely, that Mescaline is an analog of MDMA or that L-Tryptophan is an analog of Psilocybin, because at first glance, these pairs seem to have many similarities in chemical structure.
		Here, 'analog' is used to describe two chemical molecules which differ only by the transposition of one atom or simple functional group for another (ie replacing a bromine with iodine, or a hydrogen with a methyl group).
		The Federal Analogue Act defines an analog as a substance which is 'substantially similar' to a scheduled substance and has either an effect 'similar to or greater than' a controlled substance or is thought to have such an effect.
	www.erowid.org /psychoactives/law/analog/analog_info1.shtml (1654 words)

	Westmont College - Academics - Chemistry
		Chemistry investigates the composition, properties, and changes of properties in substances and various elementary forms of matter.
		Chemistry students at Westmont have many opportunities to use state-of-the-art instrumentation such as atomic absorption spectrometers, 300 MHz Fourier transform nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometers, FT infrared and ultraviolet-visible spectrometers, mass spectrometer, and gas and high performance liquid chromatographs.
		Descriptive chemistry of the elements, periodicity, atomic structure, bonding theory, coordination chemistry, acid-base theory, non-aqueous solvents, inorganic stereochemistry, bioinorganic, and organometallic chemistry.
	www.westmont.edu /_academics/pages/departments/chemistry/catalog.shtml (1750 words)

	Chemistry and Physics of Lipids. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Henri Houte, Vassilia Partali, Hans Richard Sliwka, Edward G.K. Quartey, Synthesis of structured lipids and etherlipids with antioxidants: combination of a selena fatty acid and a selena fatty alcohol with a carotenoic acid in glyceride molecules, Chemistry and Physics of Lipids 105 (1) (2000) pp.
		Semmler, H.W. Meyer, P.J. Quinn, Characterization of the thermotropic phase behaviour of mixed dispersions of dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine and dilauroylglycerol, Chemistry and Physics of Lipids 99 (2) (1999) pp.
		Feng, Z.-W. Yu, P.J. Quinn, Effect of urea, dimethylurea, and tetramethylurea on the phase behavior of dioleoylphosphatidylethanolamine, Chemistry and Physics of Lipids 114 (2) (2002) pp.
	www.elsevier.com /cdweb/journals/00093084/viewer.htt?viewtype=authors&rangeselected=98 (863 words)

	Sigrid Peyerimhoff - Article : The Development of Computational Chemistry in Germany Component of : Early Ideas in the ...
		Computational chemistry was able to develop thanks to two major advances: first was the understanding and formulation of a mathematical description of the mkroscopic behavior of matter, and second was the technical development of computers much more powerful than mechanical desk calculators.
		The use of computer chemistry for the study of organic reactions (in particular the Wolff rearrangement which involves isomerization of alpha-carbonyl carbenes into ketenes) presented by the IBM crew was an excellent example of how quantum chemistry had joined experimental organic chemistry to study chemical reactions.
		The advance of quantum chemistry and computational chemistry and its introduction into the education of chemistry students occurred without the support of large government contracts from the ministry of education or ministry of research and technology and largely without the support of dedicated research institutions such as the Max Planck Institutes or industry.
	www.quantum-chemistry-history.com /Pey_ff_Dat/CompGerm/Pey_ff_CompGerm.htm (11514 words)

	Analog Discussion Board (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Analog readers and writers are (IMO) for the most part, more science-oriented than are those who gravitate to the other magazines.
		Understanding math, physics, chemistry and others at the layman level to understand hard SF is not really hard, understanding them at the studied and practicing level is.
		That being said, it is true that Analog stories on the average are less well written than those elsewhere; though not, I wouldn't think, to the tune of only two being recommendable.
	www.analogsf.com /discus/messages/1/1010.html?1107301081 (1810 words)

	Analog -- The Reference Library
		Harness is himself a chemist and patent attorney and his novels have been toward the hard end of the SF scale.
		Each novel is then in a sense another chapter in a continuing memoir of chemistry and patent law.
		If you think that is a reference to impending horror, rest assured that only joy is to come, in a context shaped by Harness’s major continuing themes of the power of hope and the denial of death.
	www.analogsf.com /0304/reflib_04.shtml (2924 words)

	- NI Developer Zone - National Instruments (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Analog electronics is characterized by electrical signals that move through a continuous range of voltages.
		In reality there is no such thing as a "pure" digital signal, because all digital signals are basically analog voltages that try to move from one fixed voltage level to another.
		This analog electronics forms the basis of most analog measuring instruments.
	zone.ni.com /devzone/nidzgloss.nsf/564971c9cb6510ef862569300073e76d/eb27fcdf88bfa9fe862569dc00802a3e (349 words)

	Title page for ETD etd-71898-202047
		While tremendous chemical research efforts have been made in the past years, which established the fundamental structure-activity relationships of the paclitaxel molecule, and provided analogs for biochemical studies to elucidate the precise mechanism of action and for the development of second-generation agents, many areas remain to be explored.
		The new method was exemplified by the synthesis of water-soluble paclitaxel analogs with hydrophilic functional groups at the terminal of the C-4 acyl moiety.
		An analog that has a bridge to tie up the C-4 acyl group with an inert position would be useful for this purpose.
	scholar.lib.vt.edu /theses/available/etd-71898-202047 (459 words)

	Jones Encyclopedia of Media & Technology Information (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		In analog transmission a continuous electrical or radio frequency wave is transmitted.
		Advances in the fields of physics, biology, engineering, chemistry, and computer science have enabled scientists to manipulate materials at the molecular and atomic levels, leading to the establishment of a new field called nanoscience or nanotechnology.
		Deriving its name from the nanometer, a measure of length one-billionth of a meter, nanotechnology is focused on the physical, chemical, and biological properties of materials at the atomic, molecular, and supra-molecular scale.
	www.jonesencyclo.com /trends.cfm (10953 words)

	New designed paclitaxel analog kills more cancer cells than natural product
		Several analogs are in clinical trial, with others in preclinical development.
		One problem that paclitaxel and all its analogs share, however, is that they are all highly complex compounds, and cannot be prepared synthetically in a commercially viable way.
		Kingston collaborated with Snyder to design a paclitaxel analog that linked in a new way, and Bane tested it in her assays.
	www.eurekalert.org /pub_releases/2004-06/vt-ndp062104.php (739 words)

	New paclitaxel analog kills more cancer cells than natural product
		In an effort to understand the mechanism of action of paclitaxel, we have combined experimental results from REDOR NMR and fluorescence spectroscopic studies with molecular modeling and electron crystallographic studies to design and build bridged paclitaxel analogs that are consistent with biophysical data for the paclitaxel pharmacophore.
		The general structure of these analogs includes a bridge from the C-3' phenyl group to the C-4 position, as exemplified by structure 1.
		Two of the resulting constrained analogs have tubulin-assembly and cytotoxic activities equal to or better than those of paclitaxel, indicating that our proposed model for the paclitaxel pharmacophore is essentially accurate.
	www.eurekalert.org /pub_releases/2004-03/vt-npa032304.php (774 words)

	ARS \| Publication request: Title Change: a Brominated-Fluorene Insect Neuropeptide Analog ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		This analog also has a toxic effect on adult female tobacco budworm moths that are serious pests of cotton in the United States.
		Technical Abstract: An analog of the insect pyrokinin/PBAN class of neuropeptides, which features a 2-Amino7-bromofluorene attached to the carboxy-terminal bioactive core of the insect pyrokinin/PBAN class of neuropeptides (Phe-Thr-Pro-Arg-Leu-NH2), via a succinnic acid linker, was tested in adult H. virescens moths.
		Mortality studies indicated that the LD50 for the analog was 0.7 pmol.
	www.ars.usda.gov /research/publications/publications.htm?SEQ_NO_115=126795 (488 words)

	Chemistry and Physics of Lipids. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		L.K.J. Marcel S.F., K.L. C., Regiospecific oxidation of unsaturated fatty esters with palladium(II) chloride/p-benzoquinone: a sonochemical approach, Chemistry and Physics of Lipids 81 (1) (1996) pp.
		Horia I. Petrache, Stephanie Tristram-Nagle, John F. Nagle, Fluid phase structure of EPC and DMPC bilayers, Chemistry and Physics of Lipids 95 (1) (1998) pp.
		Michael A. Frohman, Andrew J. Morris, Phospholipase D structure and regulation, Chemistry and Physics of Lipids 98 (1-2) (1999) pp.
	www.elsevier.com /cdweb/journals/00093084/viewer.htt?viewtype=keywords&rangeselected=16 (611 words)

	Chemistry International -- Newsmagazine for IUPAC
		Analogs of drugs play an important role in the evolution of drug discoveries.
		Statistically, every second drug is an analog, therefore, it is of interest to analyze the relationship of these drugs to the pioneer discoveries and to each other.
		The goal of this project is publication of a reference book for medicinal chemists and students that provides an easily usable overview of drug-analogs and their role in medicinal chemistry.
	www.iupac.org /publications/ci/2004/2602/pp2_2002-051-1-700.html (190 words)

	A Bit of Titan on Earth Helps in the Search for Life's Origins (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Titan's natural tholins could be part of important surface chemistry leading to the next step toward life.
		Scientists suspect that organic solids have been falling from Titan's sky for billions of years and might be compounds that set the stage for the next chemical step toward life.
		The chemistry is quite complex, and we just don't know the answers to so many of the simplest questions.
	uanews.org /cgi-bin/WebObjects/UANews.woa/2/wa/SRStoryDetails?ArticleID=9201 (1145 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Basic principles of electrochemical reactions, electroanalytical voltammetry as applied to analysis and the chemistry of heterogeneous electron transfers, analog electronics and electrochemical instrumentation.
		Fundamental theory of gaseous ion chemistry, instrumentation, combination with separation techniques, spectral interpretation for organic compounds, applications to biological and environmental chemistry.
		Biological chemistry faculty Prerequisites, Chem 130 and permission of instructor.
	www.chem.unc.edu /courses/grads_description.html (1175 words)

	ACS Abstracts 2003
		Nucleoside analogs have been shown to exhibit chemotherapeutic and anti-viral effects in the body.
		We have proposed two such nucleoside analogs, the adenosine analog (2) composed of two 5-membered rings, and a xanthosine analog (3) composed of a 5 and 6-membered ring.
		X-ray crystallography of 1-allyl-4-phenyl-1,2,4-triazolium iodide clearly shows a triazolium structure, in which the iodide is positioned at a distance of 3.781 angstroms from C-5, and in proximity to the predicted position of H-5.
	www.wellesley.edu /Chemistry/David/ACSabstracts/abstracts03.html (1991 words)

	Central State Universtiy \| Academics (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		The program prepares the student for careers in chemistry and for careers in related fields such as medicine, dentistry, medical technology, pharmacy, engineering, teaching, patent law, chemical technology, geochemistry, environmental chemistry and other related fields.
		Job opportunities are almost limitless in chemistry, and well-trained chemists are in high demand by the chemical industry and the teaching professions.
		The program in Chemistry is well equipped, particularly in the area of electrochemistry.
	www.centralstate.edu /academics/art_science/chemistry/chm2.html (276 words)

	Department of Pharmacology & Molecular Sciences (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		analogs as promising lead compounds for prevention of cancer.
		Professor Posner is well known for his involvement with organocopper chemistry as a researcher and writer.
		His original research publications and his two review articles and one book on organocopper chemistry have helped to make this area one of the fastest developing ones in modern synthetic organometallic chemistry.
	www.hopkinsmedicine.org /pharmacology/pages/faculty/posner.html (443 words)

	John Hanson CV (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Synthesis of phosphonate DNA analogs as probes of the mechanism of BamH1 endonuclease.
		I was involved in synthesizing sialic acid analogs, evaluating the binding affinities of these analogs using an NMR binding assay, performing molecular mechanics calculations directed at understanding the observed binding affinities, and carrying out molecular modelling to design new ligands.
		Hanson, J.E.; Kaplan, A.P.; Bartlett, P.A., "Phosphonate Analogs of Carboxypeptidase A Substrates are Potent Transition-State Analogue Inhibitors", Biochemistry, 1989, 28, 6294-6305.
	www.ups.edu /faculty/hanson/CV.htm (1019 words)

	SSU \|\| Chemistry Department
		Students may choose a course pattern of chemistry upper-division electives for the B.A. or B.S.degree that emphasizes the areas of analytical, organic, inorganic,or physical chemistry, biochemistry, environmental science, pre-health professional preparation, or pre-enology.
		Providing a knowledge of chemistry to the liberal arts, pre-professional and science students will help them better understand the benefits and hazards of this world and enable them to make intelligent decisions regarding their future.
		Chemistry majors will receive a comprehensive background in all disciplines of chemistry, including organic, inorganic, analytical, physical and biochemistry, as well as an appreciation for the related fields of biology, physics and mathematics.
	www.sonoma.edu /chemistry (590 words)

	[No title]
		is analogous to the tetrahedral carbon produced during peptide bond formation.
		In an inactive ribosome, it is free to be in the disordered state seen in the unliganded subunit.
		Nucleotides important for such chemistry would also be expected to be found close to the binding site of a substrate analog, such as the intermediate-mimicking Yarus analog, if the analog was truly binding in a biologically-relevant manner.
	www-unix.oit.umass.edu /~wdecatur/ribosome/right-d.htm (504 words)

	Penn Department of Chemistry - Faculty (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Subsequently, analog synthesis generated an analog with an IC at the human SRIF receptor subtype 4 of 53 nM and another congener with an IC
		This demonstrates that the indole ethyl and 6-amino pentyl sidechains mimic the Trp and Lys residues, respectively, of the β-turn of L-363,301.
		Unexpectedly a des-indole analog in which the C1 Trp-mimicking sidechain was replaced by a C1 methoxyl proved to be an SRIF agonist, a result which we see as but one example of the fact that the β-D-glucose scaffold possesses radial symmetry which confers other noteworthy properties on this scaffold.
	www.sas.upenn.edu /chem/faculty/hirschmann/hirschmann.html (1011 words)

	Humalog Online, Description, Chemistry, Ingredients - Insulin Lispro (Human Analog) - RxList Monographs
		Humalog (insulin lispro, rDNA origin) is a human insulin analog that is a rapid-acting, parenteral blood glucose-lowering agent.
		Chemically, it is Lys(B28), Pro(B29) human insulin analog, created when the amino acids at positions 28 and 29 on the insulin B-chain are reversed.
		Humalog is synthesized in a special non-pathogenic laboratory strain of Escherichia coli bacteria that has been genetically altered by the addition of the gene for insulin lispro.
	www.rxlist.com /cgi/generic/insulinlispro.htm (207 words)

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