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	Analog computer - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		An analog/analogue computer is a form of computer that uses electronic or mechanical phenomena to model the problem being solved by using one kind of physical quantity to represent another.
		There is an intermediate group, hybrid computers, in which a digital computer is used to control and organize inputs and outputs to and from attached analog devices; for instance analog devices might be used to help generate initial values for iterations, or the analog computer might be used to solve a non-analytic differential equation problem.
		Computer theorists often refer to idealized analog computers as real computers (so called because they operate on the set of real numbers).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Analog_computer (1069 words)

	MSN Encarta - Computer
		Analogue computers exploit the mathematical similarity between physical interrelationships in certain problems, and employ electronic or hydraulic circuits (see Fluidics) to simulate the physical problem.
		The analogue computer is a more sophisticated electronic or hydraulic device that is designed to handle input in terms of, for example, voltage levels or hydraulic pressures, rather than numerical data.
		Everything that a digital computer does is based on one operation: the ability to determine whether a switch, or “gate”, is open or closed.
	uk.encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761563087/Computer.html (635 words)

	Re: [SURVPC] OS. CLI, and "gooey"
		Compared to digital machines these analogue computers were thousands or millions of times faster, which was pretty impressive in the 50s and 60s which was their heyday.
		Analogue computers were normally used to control equipment rather than provide numerical data, though they were capable of both tasks.
		All the early flight simulators used analogue computers; digital machines didn't exist that would be even remotely fast enough to perform all the calculations necessary to accurately model a real aircraft in flight and control the simulator realistically.
	www.mail-archive.com /survpc@softcon.com/msg02544.html (466 words)

	Analog computer -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The term analog is used in distinction to (A computer that represents information by numerical (binary) digits) digital computers, in which physical or mechanical phenomena are used to construct a (Click link for more info and facts about finite-state machine) finite-state machine which is then used to model the problem being solved.
		The use of electrical properties in analog computers means that certain calculations on a computer are performed in ((computer science) the time it takes for a process under computer control to occur) real time, without calculation delays as on digital computers.
		Computer theorists often refer to idealised analog computers as (Click link for more info and facts about real computer) real computers (so called because they operate on the set of (Any rational or irrational number) real numbers).
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/a/an/analog_computer.htm (1154 words)

	Computers
		That is, the computer can recognize only two states in any of its microscopic circuits: on or off, high voltage or low voltage, or-in the case of numbers-0 or 1.
		To return, then, to the switching capabilities of a modern computer: computers in the 1970s were generally able to handle eight switches at a time.
		In some specialized, or "dedicated", computers the operating instructions are embedded in their circuitry; common examples are the microcomputers found in calculators, wristwatches, car engines, and microwave ovens.
	www.angelfire.com /ab/alamri/computer.html (3022 words)

	Dictionary of Computers - analogue computer
		An analogue computer is said to operate in real time (corresponding to time in the real world), and can therefore be used to monitor and control other events as they happen.
		Although common in engineering since the 1920s, analogue computers are not general-purpose computers, but specialize in solving differential calculus and similar mathematical problems.
		The earliest analogue computing device is thought to be the flat, or planispheric, astrolabe, which originated in about the 8th century.
	www.tiscali.co.uk /reference/dictionaries/computers/data/m0005758.html (134 words)

	Analog computer : Analogue computer (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Used in distinction to digital computers, in which physical or mechanical phenomena are used to construct a finite-state machine[?] which is then used to model the problem being solved.
		There is an intermediate group, Hybrid computers[?], in which a digital computer is used to control and organize inputs and outputs to and from attached analogue devices; for instance analogue devices might be used to help generate initial values for iterations.
		Computer theorists often refer to the analog computer as a real computer[?] (so called because it operates on the set of real numbers), in order to circumvent popular misconceptions of analog computers.
	www.termsdefined.net /an/analogue-computer.html (489 words)

	Brain as an Analog Computer
		The most important distinction between digital computing device and the brain is that the digital device separates data and the procedures that operate on the data.
		Each neuron is a computer in its own right and may have the signal-processing value of hundreds or thousands of transistors in a digital computer.
		Neuronal computation only makes sense when the neuronal interconnections are revealed by careful microscopic and electrochemical study.
	www.nutramed.com /philosophy/analog_computer.htm (896 words)

	Atomic I/O letters column #37
		Electronic analogue computers work by using thermionic valves not as simple relays, but as variable amplifiers, so that the widely variable output values of different valves can be added and subtracted and multiplied according to the values of other valves.
		Digital computers, in contrast, do calculations with a "finite state machine", in which values are represented by things that have distinct possible value levels, with nothing in between.
		An abacus is a digital computer, and a slide rule is an analogue computer.
	www.dansdata.com /io037.htm (1460 words)

	History of Computing (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The Memex machine was essentially an analogue computer, and while Bush and his colleagues thought the analogue computer was a promising idea, today this technology has been largely ignored for the most part.
		Computers were first invented to Â“computeÂ” or solve complex mathematical equations, which they still do, but computers do much more than that now.
		Computers also participate in more obscure situations, whether by using an ATM card, printing an office document, calling mail-order clothes for next-day delivery or shopping in a department store where goods are re-stocked at right time.
	multimedia.design.curtin.edu.au /cache/content.cfm?content=74 (1626 words)

	Review: WHAT COMPUTERS STILL CAN'T DO : Part II. Assumptions Underlying Persistent Optimism
		The brain can be thought of as a digital and analogue computer, because when a neuron transmits an impulse, their are bursts of all-or-nothing electricity fired from the neuron, this could be comparable to a binary digit within a computer, either 1 or 0.
		The distinction between digital and analogue computation is a logical distinction, and therefore cannot be distinguished based on the hardware or the sort of electrical impulses within the system.
		On the contrary it is computers that use similar processes to our minds, but this does not take away from the fact that their is some similarity in the way our mind and a computer processes information, which has given psychologists a glimmer of hope that one day intelligent computer systems may be possible.
	www.scism.sbu.ac.uk /inmandw/review/ai/review/rev4959.html (2679 words)

	Heathkit EC-1 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		From 1950 to 1965, electronic analogue vacuum-tube computers were used to design, test and run civilian and military equipment like aircraft, ships or rockets.
		Unlike our modern binary computers, which accept only two values as entry (0 or 1), an analogue computer represents input and output data's in voltage levels.
		Computer problems could be 'programmed' by inserting several patch cords into the problem-board sockets and thus linking in chain several built-in components together.
	home1.gte.net /vze1re4o/id12.html (311 words)

	International Journal of Electrical Engineering Education: Virtual analogue simulation of control systems (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Historically, computer simulation employs analogue, digital or hybrid computers to provide solutions to a physical system which can be described by mathematical models.
		Analogue simulation, on the other hand, is attractive in that there is a close analogy between the original system and its electronic circuit model.
		Systems with computer control also have inherent delays, because time is needed for analogue-to-digital conversion and for the computer to process the control signal.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_qa3792/is_199707/ai_n8765689 (1367 words)

	A Brief History of Aircraft Flight Simulation ( Flight Training ). (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		A major advance in simulation during the war period was the use of the analogue computer to solve the equations of motion of the aircraft.
		The analogue computer, or differential analyser, as it was then known, enabled simulation of the response of the vehicle to aerodynamic forces as opposed to an empirical duplication of their effects.
		This computer was based on the ideas of F.C. Williams, famous for his later work on digital computers, and used the velodyne, another TRE invention, for integration.
	www.bleep.demon.co.uk /SimHist6.html (827 words)

	EMS Computer Synthi
		The Computer Synthi is constructed in a wooden cabinet similar to one half of the Synthi 100.
		The Computer may gain its time reference either directly from the digital oscillator or may be instructed by the user to utilise a previously recorded timing track via an input cannon plug.
		In subsequent use, the user informs the computer which oscillator is connected to which DAC, then the computer uses the previous correction table to linearise the VCO voltage/frequency characteristic.
	members.tripod.com /werdav/comsynth.htm (3063 words)

	Analogue computer - Computing Reference - eLook.org (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		, hardware> A machine or electronic circuit designed to work on numerical data represented by some physical quantity (e.g.
		Analogue computers are said to operate in real time and are used for research in design where many different shapes and speeds can be tried out quickly.
		A computer model of a car suspension allows the designer to see the effects of changing size, stiffness and damping.
	www.elook.org /computing/analogue-computer.htm (99 words)

	Untitled (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Electrical Analogue computers represent concentrations by voltages and the evolution of a biochemical system is followed by monitoring the change in voltage in the device.
		From reading the past literature I get the impression that Analogue Computers were highly effective devices for exploring chemical dynamics due to their high speed and ease of repeating simulations.
		However, the days of the Analogue Computer were numbered and even as early as 1953 the digital computer was beginning to be used to simulate biochemical systems.
	www.fssc.demon.co.uk /Scamp/simpack.htm (505 words)

	Charles Csuri Analogue Computer (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		In 1963 I made an analogue computer which I used to make transformations on a drawing.
		The drawing device or analogue computer for doing transformations on a drawing was based upon a pantograph.
		These drawings were made in 1963 the year before I discovered the potential of the digital computer and a graphics output device.
	www.siggraph.org /artdesign/profile/csuri/artworks/analog/analogue.html (265 words)

	50th Anniversary of the Manchester Baby computer
		Most importantly it was the first computer that could store not only data but any (short!) user program in electronic memory and process it at electronic speed.
		From this Small-Scale Experimental Machine a full-sized machine was designed and built, the Manchester Mark 1, which by April 1949 was generally available for computation in scientific research in the University.
		It in turn was the basis of the first commercially available computer, the Ferranti Mark 1, the first machine off the production line being delivered in February 1951.
	www.computer50.org (474 words)

	University Purchases Analogue Computer
		Professor J. Harle of the university's electrical engineering department says the instrument, one of two types of electrical "brains" being produced today, will be placed on the second floor of the University power plant building, headquarters of his department.
		He explains there are two classes of electrical computers — the digital and the analogues.
		The calculator will eliminate many hours of tedious computation and in fact, will give answers to problems which otherwise might be impossible to solve.
	www.ualberta.ca /~alumni/history/faculties/67sprcomp.htm (509 words)

	DVI - Digital Monitor Connections Explained, What is DVI, Digital Video Interface Cables
		LCD monitors are digital display devices, but when they were first introduced they needed to be able to accept and adapt this analogue signal to ensure compatibility with the majority of available computers.
		In order for the LCD to accept the computer's analogue output, the signal had to be reconverted to digital.
		Since both the computer and the LCD digital monitor accept and transmit digital signals, the process of translating digital to analogue is fundamentally unnecessary.
	www.connectworld.net /cis/digital-monitors.html (761 words)

	The Differential Analyser Explained
		When an analogue device can be “programmed” in some way to perform different functions at different times, it can be called an analogue computer.
		In an analogue computer the process of calculation is replaced by the measurement and manipulation of some continuous physical quantity such as mechanical displacement or voltage, hence such devices are also called continuous computers.
		The analogue computer is a powerful tool for the modelling and investigation of dynamic systems, i.e.
	www.dalefield.com /nzfmm/magazine/Differential_Analyser.html (1785 words)

	Analogue(Analog) computer simulation: Consultant McCann Science
		The block diagrams that represented the analogue configuration had, naturally, the same topology as the diagrams showing cause effect relationships in the prototype.
		As a result component parts of the electronic hardware (integrators, summers, potentiometers) of the model and their real world counterparts were easily linked in the minds of the users in a way that the underlying differential equations that they shared did not.
		With personal computers being faster now and graphical user interfaces much easier to create, McCann has made a digitised analogue computer which recovers much of the diagramatic, visual and recognisable topology features of analogue computers to give an easy way to build a model by pointing and linking.
	www.mccannscience.com /analog.htm (696 words)

	analogue computer : Definition from the Online Dictionary at Datasegment.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		3 definitions found analogue computer - Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48 : analog computer \analog computer\ analogue computer \analogue computer\n.
		a computer that represents information by continuously variable quantities (e.g., positions or voltages).
		For example, the turning of a wheel or changes in voltage can be used as input.
	onlinedictionary.datasegment.com /word/analogue+computer (124 words)

	Engineering History - Electronic analog computers
		The SR71 (Blackbird) had an analogue computer for its automatic stability system, and as late as the F16, the fly by wire was based on an analogue computer.
		My graduating quarter, I had a design course that required us to program an electronic analog computer to design a shock absorber/spring system for an imaginary car of given mass, so that it would dampen within one and one half cycles upon hitting a curb of given height at a given speed.
		This is one case where the analogue computer (a mechanical orrery), is NOT an accurate model of the real world system, whereas the digital simulation can be shown to be accurate for thousands of years (not millions though).
	www.eng-tips.com /viewthread.cfm?qid=92006 (1843 words)

	Timeline Computer
		Nov 27, 1852), Lord Byron's daughter and the inventor of computer language, was born.
		Weiser was called "the father of ubiquitous computing" for spreading his belief that computer technology could be incorporated unobtrusively into all facets of everyday life.
		The computers were given over to the General Board of Church and Society of the United Methodist Church.
	www.timelines.ws /subjects/Computer.HTML (14087 words)

	Digital Analogue: The computer saga continues... So
		Oddly, the computer was off---I figured maybe it had shut down after completing the install?
		If the battery couldn't charge, and the computer couldn't go to sleep (because it was in install mode), then it would eventually have a hard shutdown.
		When it does this, you can't turn it back on until his has a power cord plugged in.
	www.blahedo.org /blog/archives/000195.html (289 words)

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