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	Anan ben David - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Anan Ben David is often considered to be the founder of the Karaite movement (a form of Judaism that split off from rabbinic Judaism due to its rejection of the oral law), or at least the founder of one of the main groups forming the Karaite movement.
		Anan was to declare that his religion was different from Rabbinical Judaism, and that his followers entirely coincided with him in matters of religious doctrine; which was an easy matter for Anan to say, because the majority of them were opposed to the rabbis.
		Anan ben David, in direct contradiction of Karaites such as Daniel Al-Kumisi, had small respect for science as is often shown in his law-book.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Anan_ben_David (1513 words)

	Anan ben David (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Anan was to declare that his religion was quite a different one from that of his brother and of the rabbinical Jews, and that his followers entirely coincided with him in matters of religious doctrine; which was an easy matter for Anan to say, because the majority of them were opposed to the rabbis.
		Moreover, Anan won for himself the favor of the calif by his deep veneration for Muhammed as the prophet of the Arab peoples, and by the declaration that his new religion, in many ways was similar to Islam.
		Anan's law-book insists that the Sabbath evening (Friday) must be passed in darkness: lights kindled in the daytime on Friday must be extinguished at nightfall, for it is forbidden to pass the Sabbath in a place artificially illuminated.
	usapedia.com /a/anan-ben-david.html (1723 words)

	Anan ben David. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		He is said to have been a descendant of Bostanai ben Chaninai.
		Anan rejected the Talmudic tradition and in its place sought a return to Scripture as the sole source for God’s Law.
		It is evident from those writings attributed to him that he made use of rabbinic methods of scriptural interpretation in the formulation of legal decisions to meet the needs of his age.
	www.bartleby.com /65/an/AnanbenD.html (143 words)

	Saadia Gaon - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		At 23 he composed a polemic against Anan ben David, thus beginning the activity which was to prove important in opposition to Karaism, in defense of traditional Judaism.
		Saadia addressed a warning to him, and in Babylon he placed his knowledge and pen at the disposal of the exilarch David ben Zakkai and the scholars of the academy, adding his own letters to those sent by them to the communities of the Diaspora (922).
		His dispute with Ben Meïr was an important factor in the call to Sura which he received in 928.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Saadia_Gaon (1578 words)

	ANAN BEN DAVID - LoveToKnow Article on ANAN BEN DAVID (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		'ANAN BEN DAVID, a Persian Jew of the 8th century, and founder within Judaism of the sect of Qaraites (Karaites) which set itself in opposition to the rabbinic tradition.
		'Anan was an unsuccessful candidate for the dignity of Exilarch, and thus his opposition to the rabbanite Jews was political as well as theological.
		His secession occurred at a moment when the time was ripe for a reaction against rabbinism, and 'Anan became the rallying point for many opponents of tradition.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /A/AN/ANAN_BEN_DAVID.htm (721 words)

	Anan ben David Biography / Biography of Anan ben David Biography Biography
		Anan ben David (active 8th century) was a Jewish religious leader in Babylonia who is believed to have founded the Karaite, or Scripturalist, sect about 760.
		Anan then proceeded to launch a secret organization of his followers, who were anti-Talmudists, and they appointed him as their own exilarch.
		Anan ben David maintained that in exile no meat should be eaten except that of reindeer and pigeons.
	www.bookrags.com /biography-anan-ben-david (687 words)

	KARANAN
		Anan's belief and teaching was a new approach of understanding belief and religion based on complete tolerance and personal conviction of each believer on condition that he believes in a single God, future life and recognizes Moses, Jesus Christ and Mahomet as prophets and also shares Anan's ideas concerning the clergy.
		Anan did not pretend to be a prophet, and nearly everything he had advocated we find not in the religions but in the Revelations of the three prophets, therefore it is logically and correctly to consider his teaching as a syncretic one.
		Anan was likely to know that not the whole content of the Pentateuch corresponds to Moses' words, and therefore he gave the right to everybody to have his own judgement as to what was acceptable to him.
	www.turkiye.net /sota/karanan.html (6310 words)

	Anan ben David -- Encyclopædia Britannica (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Anan seems to have become prominent in the 760s, when he competed with his younger brother for the office of exilarch, head of the Jews of the Babylonian Exile.
		This Jewish sect, founded by Anan ben David in the 8th century, rejected the authority of the Oral Law—that is, of the Mishna and the Talmud.
		Art, to Ben Shahn, was “one of the last remaining outposts of free speech.” He used art to express his social consciousness.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9007353?tocId=9007353 (753 words)

	Karaites (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		In contrast to the Thirteen Articles of Faith of Maimonides accepted by most Jews, the Karaites have instead a code of ten, one of which is the religious duty to know the language of the Bible.
		The founder of Karaism was Anan ben David, a prominent Jewish scholar in eighth century Babylonia.
		His opposition to rabbinic authority was due partly to personal rivalries within the establishment, and partly to his recognition that Talmudical Judaism was going through a period of stagnation at the time and might be revived by the stimulus of renewed Biblical and Hebrew research.
	philtar.ucsm.ac.uk /encyclopedia/judaism/kara.html (489 words)

	MSN Encarta - Search Results - Karaites
		Anan ben David (8th century ad), Jewish religious leader in Persia (now Iran).
		Anan ben David was the founder of the antirabbinic sect of Karaites...
		The rabbinization of all Jewry, including the growing Mediterranean and European diasporas, was a gradual process that had to overcome sharp...
	uk.encarta.msn.com /Karaites.html (92 words)

	[No title]
		According to the twelfth century account by Maimonides, he was of the davidic line and attracted hundreds of thousands of followers, medieval code for a lot, and that he and his followers went out armed and killed anybody who bothered them.
		Anan's teachings are found in his book Sefer Hamitzvot, "The Book of the Commandments," an Aramaic collection of laws, modeled on the early geonic collections of Jewish law.
		David ben Moses al-Qumsi, a Karaite scholar from Persia, identified with a rigorous legal tendency among Karaites, opposed the individualistic Bible study advocated by Nahawendi and favored a strict adherence to the Bible.
	www.hebroots.org /hebrootsarchive/9805/980512_h.html (3764 words)

	Karaite Korner - History of Karaism
		Anan organized various non-Talmudic groups and lobbied the Caliphate to establish a second Exilarchate for those who refused to live according to the Talmud's man-made laws.
		The Muslims granted Anan and his followers the religious freedom to practice Judaism in the way of their anscestors.
		Anan himself was not a Karaite; although Anan rejected the Talmud he used similar irrational methods of interpreting Scripture as the Rabbis, such as intentionally taking words out of context.
	www.karaite-korner.org /history.shtml (1099 words)

	MSN Encarta - Search Results - Anan ben David
		Anan ben David (lived 8th century), Jewish religious leader in Persia (now Iran).
		Anan ben David was the founder of the antirabbinic sect of...
		Ben-Gurion, David (1886-1973), Israeli statesman and the first prime minister of Israel (1948-1953, 1955-1963).
	encarta.msn.com /Anan_ben_David.html (110 words)

	JewishEncyclopedia.com - SADDUCEES (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The singular form, "Ẓadduḳi" (Greek, Σαδδουκαῖος), is an adjective denoting "an adherent of the Bene Ẓadoḳ," the descendants of Zadok, the high priests who, tracing their pedigree back to Zadok, the chief of the priesthood in the days of David and Solomon (I Kings i.
		The Wisdom of Ben Sira, which, like Ecclesiastes and older Biblical writings, has no reference whatsoever to the belief in resurrection or immortality, is, according to Geiger, a product of Sadducean circles ("Z. G." xii.
		This view is partly confirmed by the above-cited blessing of "the Sons of Zadok" (Hebrew Ben Sira, li.
	www.jewishencyclopedia.com /view.jsp?artid=40&letter=S (2429 words)

	Saadia Gaon (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		(Nothing else is known of the latter.) Regarding Joseph, Saadia's father, a statement of Ben Meïr has been preserved saying that he was compelled to leave Egypt and died in Jaffa, probably during Saadia's lengthy residence in the Holy Land.
		At age 20 Saadia completed his first great work, the Hebrew dictionary which he entitled "Agron." At 23 he composed a polemic against Anan ben David, thus beginning the activity which was to prove important in opposition to Karaism, in defense of traditional Judaism.
		Saadia addressed a warning to him, and in Babylon he placed his knowledge and pen at the disposal of the exilarch David ben Zakkai and the scholars of the academy, adding his own letters to those sent by them to the communities of the Diaspora (922 CE).
	usapedia.com /s/saadia-gaon.html (2627 words)

	Karaite Liturgy
		Anan ben David has often been viewed as the individual most responsible for the creation of this movement, though later scholars seriously question to what extent the followers of Anan can be described as Karaites.
		The newest stipulation regarding the origins of Karaism is that there were at least two “groups” composed of the Ananites, the immediate followers or family of Anan, and the Karaites, who were themselves the result of several coalescing groups reflecting degrees of contempt against the legitimacy of Gaonic leadership.
		Another Karaite scholar, Salmon Ben Yehuram defended the use of the Psalms as Israel’s principal prayers because of their strikingly similarity to the content of the Pentateuch.
	www.karaites-usa.org /Studies_On/karaite_liturgy.htm (4072 words)

	The Songs of the Lord
		"David spake to the chief of the Levites to appoint their brethren to be the singers with instruments of music, psalteries, and harps and cymbals, sounding, by lifting up the voice with joy...
		And David was clothed with a robe of fine linen, and all the Levites that bare the ark, and the singers, and Chenaniah the master of the song with the singers..." (1 Chron.
		In the instructions which David gave to Solomon with regard to the temple and its worship, according to 'the pattern of all that he had by the Spirit,' there are included directions, for the priests and the Levites, and for all the work of the service of the house of the Lord.
	www.geocities.com /reformedpresbyterian/hymnody.htm (17507 words)

	Why Was This Haggadah Different?
		Anan ben David was the founder of the Karaite movement that arose in the eighth century to oppose the hegemony of the Talmud and the rabbis, and to proclaim the exclusive authority of the Bible in defining normative Judaism.
		A non-rabbinic Haggadah was published in London in 1842 as part of a two-volume prayer book, under the auspices of David Woolf Marks, who served as spiritual leader of the West London Synagogue of British Jews, the pioneering Liberal congregation of the United Kingdom.
		This issue was grave enough to inspire David Nieto, the eighteenth-century Haham of London's Spanish-Portuguese community to compose a major work in defense of the Oral Law; and it is perhaps significant that chapters from this work were reissued during the 1840's.
	www.ucalgary.ca /~elsegal/Shokel/030417_KaraiteHaggadah.html (1456 words)

	CRIMEA (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Their earliest still existent record is Aaron Ben Joseph's report, from the last quarter of the thirteenth century, about a feud with Rabbanites in Solkhat on a matter of calendation.
		The Crimea was initially the centre of the National Karaite Movement, headed by such leaders as Benjamin ben Samuel Aga, Simha Babovich, Joseph Solomon Luzki, Abraham Firkovich and Samuel Ben Moshe Pampolov.
		Other leaders and scholars of the nineteenth century worth mentioning was Isaac Ben Solomon, Abraham Luzki, Mordecai Kukizow and Mordecai Sultansky.But as the Karaites settled in the later nineteenth century in many of the towns of Russia, Poland and the Ukraine, the relative importance of the Crimea declined.
	www.geocities.com /pantheleimon2000/ocean.html (4231 words)

	JewishEncyclopedia.com - Directory Listing for "A" (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Grandson of the famous philanthropist, Jehiel of Pisa, whose charity did much to alleviate the sufferings of the Spanish exiles......
		A hymn-writer who flourished in Germany about 1096; probably the son of Isaac ben Eleazar ha-Kohen, who lived in Mentz......
		A Spanish Talmudist and author; born at Barcelona in the early part of the fourteenth century; died at Narbonne in......
	www.jewishencyclopedia.com /directory.jsp?partition=3&letter=H (138 words)

	Rabbi Scheinerman's Home Page - Tallit (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The most famous Karaite leader of the Middle Ages was Anan ben-David (ninth century CE), the formal founder of the sect, a member of the exilarch family.
		Karaites denied the validity of the talmudic-rabbinic tradition, though Anan ben-David wrote his own treatise --Book of Commandments (of which fragments survive) -- which functioned as a single-source compendium of extra-biblical law for his community.
		Early Karaite leaders taught that the 39 types of work proscribed on Shabbat were to be extended to include any action not necessary or integral to the Shabbat worship service, nourishment of the family on Shabbat, or satisfaction of basic human needs.
	scheinerman.net /judaism/tallit/tallit2a.html (495 words)

	Islam and Muslims Contemporary Issues - Religion and Religious Issues and Judaism - Its Culture and History - Part 8
		In the 9th century, however, a moderate group under the leadership of Anan ben David, a disaffected member of the exilarchic family, successfully organized a dissident movement that soon developed into a formidable challenger of Rabbinite (a term first used for the Talmudic adherents by the dissidents) supremacy.
		The annotation of the Masoretic (traditional, or authorized) text of the Bible with vocalic, musical, and grammatical accents in the Tiberian schools of the 10th-century scholars Ben Naftali and Ben Asher fixed the Masoretic text permanently and through it the morphology (basic form and structure) of the Hebrew language for Karaites as well as Rabbinites.
		In a bold effort to restore discipline and respect for the gaonate, an able exilarch, David ben Zakkai (916/917-940), bypassed the families from whom the geonim had traditionally been selected and in 928 appointed Sa'adia ben Joseph al-Fayyumi to head the academy of Sura.
	www.islamic-paths.org /Home/English/Issues/Religion/Jewish/History_08.htm (1541 words)

	Karaim Home Page
		In the 8th century, Karaism was initiated by Anan ben David in Mesopotamia.
		From the 8th to the 10th centuries, the Karaims were subjected to the rule of Khazar Kagan.
		Anan Ben David, the founder of the actual Karaite religion, preached about a return to the written word of the Old Testament.
	www.turkiye.net /sota/karaim.html (548 words)

	egyptian jewish identities
		His son, David Hamdi-`Ali, is also a jockey but does not have his father's single-minded passion to win.
		David's rival, Ahmad al-Tal`uni, embodies Muslim Egyptian aspirations and resentment of the privileged foreigners and minorities.
		Dassa's central preoccupation is his repeated accusation that Israeli military and political authorities have never assumed full responsibility for the operations he and his colleagues undertook on behalf of the state.
	www.stanford.edu /group/SHR/5-1/text/beinin.html (11450 words)

	JewishGates.org (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		As early as the eighth century CE, the rabbis, proponents of the Talmud, encountered a major challenge.
		A group of Jews led by Anan ben David declared that they didn't accept the authority of the rabbis to interpret Torah.
		Aaron ben Moses ben Asher, the most authoritative masorete of his century, was apparently, a Karaite.
	www.jewishgates.com /file.asp?File_ID=91 (624 words)

	Karaism
		Around 760: Anan ben David in Persia establishes a rival exilarchate in competition with his younger brother.
		The Muslim ruler, the Caliph, jailed Anan, and in order to avoid death penalty, Anan claimed that he represented another religion, closer in its core to Islam.
		770: Anan publishes the Book of Precepts, in which the basic rules of his orientation is clarified.
	i-cias.com /e.o/karaism.htm (720 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Commentaries on the Bible
		Anan ben David, a prominent Babylonian Jew in the eighth century, rejected Rabbinism for the written Old Testament and became the founder of the sect known a Karaites (a word indicating their preference for the written Bible).
		The principal Karaite Bible commentators were Mahavendi (ninth century); Abul-Faraj Harun (ninth century), exegete and Hebrew grammarian; Solomon ben Yerucham (tenth century); Sahal-ben Mazliach (died 950), Hebrew grammarian and lexicographer; Joseph al-Bazir (died 930); Japhet ben Ali, the greatest Karaite commentator of the tenth century; and Judah Hadassi (died 1160).
		There were the two Kimchis, especially David (died 1235) of Narbonne, who was a celebrated grammarian, lexicographer, and commentator inclined to the literal sense.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/04157a.htm (6299 words)

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