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Topic: Anarchism and religion

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Christian anarchism

Stregheria

Mikhail Bakunin

Monotheism

Situationism

May 1968

Guy Debord

	Anarchism - MSN Encarta
		All these schools of anarchism shared common traits: they were for the devolution of power from the State to the smaller units of voluntary organizations and thus had great sympathy for federalism, of which Proudhon wrote extensively.
		Anarchism influenced the emergence of modernism, with James Joyce, Oscar Wilde, and Franz Kafka, for example, Post-Impressionist painters in Paris, Futurists in Milan, and later the movement of Dada in Zurich during World War I, all fascinated by its implications.
		Anarchism was an important cultural current in the bohemian quarters of New York, Munich, Paris, and elsewhere.
	uk.encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761568770_2/Anarchism.html (1442 words)

	"Anarchism", by Peter Kropotkin, 1910 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		This created in the general public the impression that violence is the substance of anarchism, a view repudiated by its supporters, who hold that in reality violence is resorted to by all parties in proportion as their open action is obstructed by repression, and exceptional laws render them outlaws.
		Anarchism and Outrage, by C. Wilson, and Report of the Spanish Atrocities Committee, in 'Freedom Pamphlets'; A Concise History of the Great Trial of the Chicago Anarchists, by Dyer Lum (New York, 1886); The Chicago Martyrs: Speeches, etc.).
		Anarchism continued to develop, partly in the direction of Proudhonian 'mutuellisme', but chiefly as communist-anarchism, to which a third direction, Christian-anarchism, was added by Leo Tolstoy, and a fourth, which might be ascribed as literary-anarchism, began amongst some prominent modern writers.
	recollectionbooks.com /siml/library/anarchismEncyBrit.htm (3548 words)

	BlackCrayon.com: library: britt1910.html (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		It maintains that the aim of all superior civilization is, not to permit all members of the community to develop in a normal way, but to permit certain better endowed individuals 'fully to develop', even at the cost of the happiness and the very existence of the mass of mankind.
		This created in the general public the impression that violence is the substance of anarchism, a view repudiated by its supporters, who hold that in reality violence is resorted to by all parties in proportion as their open action is obstructed by repression, and exceptional laws render them outlaws.
		Anarchism continued to develop, partly in the direction of Proudhonian 'mutuellisme', but chiefly as communist-anarchism, to which a third direction, Christian-anarchism, was added by Leo Tolstoy, and a fourth, which might be ascribed as literary-anarchism, began amongst some prominent modern writers.
	www.blackcrayon.com /page.jsp/library/britt1910.html (3548 words)

	Anarchism - dKosopedia
		Anarchism is not a romantic fable but the hardheaded realization, based on five thousand years of experience, that we cannot entrust the management of our lives to kings, priests, politicians, generals, and county commissioners.
		Anarchism has had a long relationship with atheism; atheist anarchists argue that (especially western) religion assumes that humanity is bad or evil, whereas anarchists believe that humanity is either good or has no tendency toward either (very much in the vein of Rousseau).
		Mikhail Bakunin is one of the founders of Anarchism, and a spirited opponent of Karl Marx.
	www.dkosopedia.com /wiki/Anarchism (2223 words)

	Anarchism and religion - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Most organized religions are hierarchical in nature and, more often than not, aligned with contemporary power structures similar to those found in state hierarchies.
		Anarchism has declared war on the pernicious influences which have so far prevented the harmonious blending of individual and social instincts, the individual and society.
		Religion, the dominion of the human mind; Property, the dominion of human needs; and Government, the dominion of human conduct, represent the stronghold of man's enslavement and all the horrors it entails.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Anarchism_and_religion (1659 words)

	Hakim Bey's Millennium -- Religion and Revolution
		But "religion" does refer to something -- call it a certain range of colors in the spectrum of human becoming -- & as such it might be considered (at least pro tem) as a valid dialogic entity & as a theorizable subject.
		Thus the "revolutionary potential" of religion clearly appears -- although it remains unclear whether resistance might take the form of reaction or radicalism -- or indeed whether religion is not already defeated -- whether its refusal to go away is that of an enemy, or a ghost.
		Religion is not going to "save" us in this sense (perhaps the reverse is true!) -- in any case religion is faced with the same perplexity as any other former "third position", including all forms of radical non-authoritarianism & anti-Capitalism.
	www.hermetic.com /bey/millennium/religion.html (3143 words)

	The Negativity of Anarchism - David Weick
		Anarchism can be understood as the generic social and political Idea that expresses negation of all power, sovereignty, domination, and hierarchical division, and a will to their dissolution; and expresses rejection of all the dichotomizing concepts that on ground of Nature, Reason, History, God or other, divide people into those dominant and those justly subordinated.
		Anarchism then is the social and political philosophy that proposes the eradicating of all divisions between (political) haves and havenots, the dissolving rather than the redistributing of power; and the abolishing of identities of ruler and subject, leader and led, learned and ignorant, superior and inferior, master and servant, human and inhuman.
		Anarchism rather than Marxism may be capable of sustaining a conception of genuine social dialectic, for Marx's theory of superstructure and the primacy of impersonal economic forces inhibits, if it does not entirely rule out, an apprehension of continuous interplay among the many arenas of politics and liberation.
	www.quadrant4.org /anarchism.html (8866 words)

	Emma Goldman: Anarchism (1910)
		Anarchism urges man to think, to investigate, to analyze every proposition; but that the brain capacity of the average reader be not taxed too much, I also shall begin with a definition, and then elaborate on the latter.
		Anarchism is the only philosophy which brings to man the consciousness of himself; which maintains that God, the State, and society are non-existent, that their promises are null and void, since they can be fulfilled only through man's subordination.
		Anarchism, however, also recognizes the right of the individual, or numbers of individuals, to arrange at all times for other forms of work, in harmony with their tastes and desires.
	www.panarchy.org /goldman/anarchism.1910.html (4727 words)

	Anarchism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		In place of hierarchy, proponents of anarchism argue that relations based upon voluntary cooperation and mutual aid will lead to a society characterised by the ability of each actor to have a say in outcomes proportionate to the degree they are affected by them, a society consisting of free individuals.
		The influence of anarchism is not always directly a matter of specific imagery or public figures, but may be seen in a certain stance towards the liberation of the total human being and the imagination.
		Insurrectionary anarchism is not an ideological solution to all social problems, a commodity on the capitalist market of ideologies and opinions, but an on-going praxis aimed at putting an end to the domination of the state and the continuance of capitalism, which requires analysis and discussion to advance.
	www.writen4u.com /public/Anarchism.asp (6940 words)

	ANARCHISM.net: Anarchism, Capitalism, and Anarcho-Capitalism
		Anarchism is by necessity opposing the exploitative system of capitalism, in the same way anarchism opposes the authoritative, exploitative, and coercive structures of the church and the government or the State.
		Anarchism “has always challenged all forms of authority and exploitation, and has been equally critical of capitalism and religion as it has been of the state.” [2] How can one from this historical heritage claim to be both anarchist and advocate of the exploitative system of capitalism?
		Anarchism as a term has two specific meanings which have nothing in common: it is both a political movement seeking a free society without rule, and at the same time a term describing chaos and disorder.
	www.anarchism.net /anarchism_anarchismcapitalismandanarchocapitalism.htm (1424 words)

	"Anarchism—the absence of government— will insure the widest and greatest scope for unhampered human development, the ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Anarchism is an extremely liberal philosophy based on liberty without laws that also believes that violence is a cornerstone of all governments which makes all governments wrong, harmful, and unnecessary.
		She holds that "Anarchism— the absence of government— will insure the widest and greatest scope for unhampered human development, the cornerstone of true social progress and harmony (51)." Anarchism is the epitome of freedom.
		It is because religion is needed by those who follow it to set their morals, therefore dictating to them what decisions to make and when and telling them what is right or wrong.
	home.comcast.net /~tealstar/emmapaper.html (2882 words)

	Islam and anarchism - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Although anarchists commonly reject organized religion (see anarchism and religion), and Islamic Law has been used as a basis for certain authoritarian regimes, there have also been numerous traditions within Islam (often associated with Sufism) that have been interpreted as anarchist in nature.
		Islamic anarchism is based on an interpretation of Islam as "submission to God" which either prohibits or decisively limits the role of human authority.
		Anarchism advocates free association of free individuals, the absence of state and any form of oppression, and is most commonly a socialist theory which advocates abolition of capitalism and private property in the capitalist sense, focusing instead on cooperation and mutual aid.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Islam_and_anarchism (2242 words)

	Anarchism & Religion
		Religion sees such things as "God given" and acceptable, the poor being rewarded in the afterlife for accepting "their lot" in this one.
		Religion, by its nature, must be authoritarian - whether to a greater or lesser extent.
		It is no coincidence that fundamentalists of all religions, from Iran to Ireland, are in the vanguard of the movement to push back the the gains made by women in the workplace and in the "sexual revolution".
	struggle.ws /ppapers/religion.html (624 words)

	Anarchism
		It is perfectly natural and understandable for folks first becoming sensitized to the ills of political forms, or institutions, or technologies, or first encountering reform struggles to momentarily go awry and blame the entire category of each for the ills of the worst instances of each.
		This is new, at least in my experience of anarchism, and it is useful to recall that many anarchists as little as a decade back, perhaps even more recently, would have said that anarchism addresses everything, yes, of course, but via an anti-authoritarian focus rather than by simultaneously elevating other concepts in their own right.
		Indeed, I suspect that until there is a widespread component of anarchism that puts forth something positive and worthy regarding political goals, the negative component decrying all political structures and even all institutions will remain highly visible and will greatly reduce potential allegiance to anarchism.
	www.zmag.org /anarchism.htm (1526 words)

	[No title]
		But anarchism, like socialism and liberalism, also has anti-religious features all of them modern political ideologies tending to assume the rejection of all orthodox belief and authority and is the supreme example of dissent, disbelief, and disobedience.
		Religion is the sigh of the oppressed creature, the heart of a heartless world, the soul of a soulless situation.
		The criticism of religion is therefore in embryo the criticism of the vale of tears whose halo is religion.
	www.spunk.org /library/pubs/freedom/raven/sp000614.txt (1860 words)

	Anarchism and Other Essays: Anarchism: What It Really Stands For
		Anarchism urges man to think, to investigate, to analyze every proposition; but that the brain capacity of the average reader be not taxed too much, I also shall begin with a definition, and then elaborate on the latter.
		Anarchism is the only philosophy which brings to man the consciousness of himself; which maintains that God, the State, and society are non-existent, that their promises are null and void, since they can be fulfilled only through man's subordination.
		Anarchism is the great liberator of man from the phantoms that have held him captive; it is the arbiter and pacifier of the two forces for individual and social harmony.
	sunsite.berkeley.edu /Goldman/Writings/Anarchism/anarchism.html (4698 words)

	anarchism - Anarchopedia
		Anarchism is a political theory which aims to create anarchy, "the absence of a master, of a sovereign." Pierre-Joseph Proudhon, What is Property, p.
		Anarchism, therefore, is a political theory that aims to create a society which is without political, economic or social hierarchies.
		Anarchism unites critical analysis with hope, for, as Bakunin pointed out, "the urge to destroy is a creative urge." One cannot build a better society without understanding what is wrong with the present one.
	eng.anarchopedia.org /anarchism (1212 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		There is a marked internal contradiction in anarchism between the utopian social reformer's outlook and the clear-cut attack on authority which does not invoke the common good.
		Tucker's conception of individualist anarchism incorporated the ideas of a variety of theorists: Greene's ideas on mutual banking; Warren's ideas on cost as the limit of price (a heterodox variety of labour theory of value); Proudhon's market anarchism; Max Stirner's egoism; and, Herbert Spencer's "law of equal freedom".
		Something might come from political action; something by industrial methods; the Revolution had to be fought as soon as possible; the one therefore was complementary to the other though it was recognised that they might have to follow separate paths.
	www.lycos.com /info/anarchism--anarchists.html?page=4 (534 words)

	Anarchism: What It Is & What It Isn't
		As does any avant garde social movement, anarchism attracts more than its share of flakes, parasites, and outright sociopaths, persons simply looking for a glamorous label to cover their often-pathological selfishness, their disregard for the rights and dignity of others, and their pathetic desire to be the center of attention.
		These individuals tend to give anarchism a bad name, because even though they have very little in common with actual anarchists—that is, persons concerned with ethical behavior, social justice, and the rights of both themselves and others—they're often quite exhibitionistic, and their disreputable actions sometimes come into the public eye.
		Anarchism is not "Libertarianism." Until relatively recently, the very useful term "libertarian" was used worldwide as a synonym for "anarchist." Indeed, it was used exclusively in this sense until the 1970s when, in the United States, it was appropriated by the grossly misnamed Libertarian Party.
	www.seesharppress.com /anarchismwhatis.html (2550 words)

	Anarchism: What It Is and What It Is Not
		Anarchism, in the language of Benjamin R. Tucker, may be described as the doctrine that "all the affairs of men should be managed by individuals or voluntary associations, and that the state should be abolished."
		Even in the freest countries the individual is robbed by the tax-collector, is beaten by the police, is fined and jailed by courts - is browbeated by the authority in many ways when his conduct is not aggressive or in violation of equal freedom.
		Anarchism is a practical philosophy, and is not striving to do the impossible.
	www.dis.org /daver/anarchism/labadie.html (1109 words)

	Thinking about anarchism
		An important principle of anarchism and one that more than any other differentiates it from other types of socialism is its emphasis on freedom and non-hierarchical social relations.
		Central to anarchism is the rejection of any power hierarchy between men and women.
		The popular stereotype of anarchists' relationship to religion is that we are all priest-killers and church-burners.
	struggle.ws /wsm/anarchism.html (1704 words)

	Britannica: Anarchism
		In a society developed on these lines, the voluntary associations which already now begin to cover all the fields of human activity would take a still greater extension so as to substitute themselves for the state in all its functions.
		This soon led to a division in the Working Men's Association, and the Latin federations, Spanish, Italian, Belgian and Jurassic (France could not be represented), constituted among themselves a Federal union which broke entirely with the Marxist general council of the International.
		He demanded the complete abolition of the state, which -- he wrote -- is a product of religion, belongs to a lower state of civilization, represents the negation of liberty, and spoils even that which it undertakes to do for the sake of general well-being.
	dwardmac.pitzer.edu /Anarchist_Archives/kropotkin/britanniaanarchy.html (3629 words)

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