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Topic: Anatomical position

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	Anatomical position - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The anatomical position is a schematic convention for describing the relative morphology of the human body.
		Positions toward the median plane are called medial, and positions away from the median plane are called lateral.
		In the anatomical position, the penis is considered to be erect and pointing upwards, i.e.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Anatomical_position (535 words)

	Reference.com/Encyclopedia/Anatomical position
		The person is oriented in an erect standing position, with eyes and head facing forward, feet forward and perpendicular to the body, arms close to the sides, and palms of the hands facing forward with fingers extended.
		Positions in front of the coronal plane are called anterior or ventral, and positions behind the coronal plane are called posterior or dorsal.
		The position of the hand in anatomical position is considered supine, such that rotation of the hand so that the palm faces backwards is called pronation and the reverse action, supination.
	www.reference.com /browse/wiki/Anatomical_position (567 words)

	Swim Start Results
		The Ab-Flex crunch began in a supine position of 88 degrees counterclockwise from anatomical position and decreased to a minimum of 63 degrees.
		The maximum lumbar-thoracic angle for the Ab-Shaper crunch measured clockwise from the anatomical position of 360 degrees was 355 degrees.
		Anatomical position corresponds to an angle of 180 degrees.
	www.umich.edu /~mvs330/w97/guts/results2.html (702 words)

	Anatomical terms of location - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In human anatomy, the body and its parts are always described using the assumption that the body is in anatomical position (main article), i.e.
		However the word posterior is commonly used (not in anatomical jargon) as a substantive meaning the buttocks or an adjective referring to them, as in 'posterior discipline' (such as spanking)
		One imagines a human in anatomical position (standing, arms hanging down with palms to the front) and an X-Y-Z coordinate system with the X-Y plane parallel to the ground, the X-axis going front and back, the Y-axis passing left and right, and the Z-axis going up and down.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Anatomical_terms_of_location (1103 words)

	MVS 330 Project Title
		The anatomical position for the abdominal leg raise (left) is 0 degrees.
		90 degrees corresponds to anatomical position for the conventional crunch.
		The joint angle is calculated by the relative positions of the ankle, knee, and hip.
	www.umich.edu /~mvs330/w98/crunchers/results2.html (760 words)

	The globe system: An unambiguous description of shoulder positions in daily life movements (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Positions of the shoulder joint are commonly described in terms of degrees of humeral elevation in the principal planes.
		The shoulder position is described for several functional and standardized tasks for the upper limb with three angles: (1) the angle of the plane of elevation, (2) the angle of elevation within the plane of elevation, and (3) the angle of axial rotation.
		For extension, the elbow is positioned in the -81° plane and for the flexion in the +98° plane.
	www.vard.org /jour/03/40/2/doorenbosch.html (3402 words)

	Dorlands Medical Dictionary
		a semirecumbent position of the patient for radiography as a means of determining the diameters of the superior strait of the pelvis.
		a position for treating shoulder disability, secured by tying the patient's wrist to the head of the bed with the arm supported on a pillow and the head of the bed raised; thus traction with abduction and external rotation is obtained.
		the position of the mandible when its muscles are at rest, the body is in the upright standing or sitting position, and the eyes are focused toward the horizon; the lips are slightly touching and the distance between the upper and lower teeth has a free-way space of about 2 to 5 mm.
	www.mercksource.com /pp/us/cns/cns_hl_dorlands.jspzQzpgzEzzSzppdocszSzuszSzcommonzSzdorlandszSzdorlandzSzdmd_p_30zPzhtm (2453 words)

	Does Socket Configuration Influence the Position of the Femur in Above-Knee Amputation? - Journal of Prosthetics and ...
		The anatomical alignment of the normal and the amputated femur was measured on the radiograph.
		As shown in Table 2, the position of the residual femur in the quadrilateral sockets varied from 80 of adduction to 120 of abduction, while in the ischial containment sockets the femur position varied from 80 of adduction to 140 abduction.
		The abducted position of the femur in the isehial containment sockets, as well as the large variation of the position of the residual femur, and the lack of objective evidence about the functional superiority of these sockets suggest the problem is not primarily a prosthetic one, and therefore not amenable to a purely prosthetic solution.
	www.oandp.org /jpo/library/1990_01_094.asp (2655 words)

	Biomekanik Asas - Nota tambahan kuliah 2: Konsep kinematik untuk analisis gerakan manusia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Rotation of a body segment away from anatomical position is named according to the direction of motion and is measured as the angle between the body segment's position and anatomical position.
		From anatomical position, the three primary movements occurring in the sagittal plane are flexion, extension, and hyperextension.
		In anatomical position, the forearm is in a supinated position.
	www22.brinkster.com /nahrizuladib/db/files/kuliah2a.htm (703 words)

	Core curriculum in anatomy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Describe the anatomical relationships of the meninges to the spinal cord and dorsal and ventral roots, particularly in relation to lumbar puncture and nerve root compression.
		Demonstrate in the living the position and functions of the trapezius and sternocleidomastoid muscles and hence to be able to describe the boundaries of the posterior and anterior triangles.
		Describe the anatomical relationships of the submandibular, sublingual and salivary glands and where their ducts drain into the oral cavity and be able to demonstrate their position in the living.
	www.anatsoc.org.uk /linkfiles/anat-core-curric.htm (6409 words)

	Encyclopedia of Nursing and Allied Health: Body positioning in x-ray studies
		Positions are learned by the radiographer according to body part in relation to body habitus, anatomical position and bisecting planes, and relationship of the body to the x-ray equipment.
		Positions for x-ray exams may require description of posture, that is, whether the patient is to be lying down, standing, or seated.
		The position is named for the side that the patient is lying on, i.e., left lateral decubitus describes the patient as lying on their left side.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_gGENH/is_/ai_2699003103 (1402 words)

	Anatomical Terminology (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		For example: In the anatomical position, the palm of the hand is the anterior surface of the hand.
		No matter what position the hand may assume, the palm is still spoken of as the anterior surface because that is the surface which faces anteriorly in the anatomical position.
		Elevation means to raise the upper limb from the anatomical position, as in "shrugging" the shoulder.
	cats.med.uvm.edu /cats_teachingmod/gross_anatomy/introductory_material/pages/anat_terms.html (1926 words)

	Embalming the Anatomical Donor
		Proper positioning of the body for placement in the casket is something we all learned in mortuary school.
		For anatomical study, the body is place in a supine (lying down) anatomical position.
		Positioning devices can also be used under the head, shoulders, buttocks and feet to reduce contact with the embalming table and to facilitate fluid distribution.
	www.biomed.lib.umn.edu /hw/anatomical.html (1714 words)

	Dissertation Database (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		A Jamar dynamometer was used to measure the grip strength of the participant’s dominant hand in three different upper limb anatomical positions in both the sitting and standing postures.
		Further analysis to determine where these variations lay showed that a significantly higher grip strength occurred when the shoulder was in 180° and the elbow fully extended compared with the shoulder in 0° and the elbow in 90° flexion in both the sitting and standing postures (P=0.014 and p=0.000).
		In conclusion the hypothesis that changes in the upper limb anatomical position have an effect on grip strength in a British sample population was accepted.
	www.sohp.soton.ac.uk /studentdiss/dissview.asp?key=257 (358 words)

	Chapter 1: Introduction
		All descriptions in human anatomy are expressed in relation to the anatomical position, a convention whereby the body is erect, with the head, eyes, and toes directed forward and the upper limbs by the side and held so that the palms of the hands face forward.
		Thus, in the anatomical position, the thumb is lateral to the little finger, whereas the big toe is medial to the little toe.
		It should be noted that, in the absence of fractures and dislocations, the position of the foot should indicate whether the extended limb is rotated (laterally or medially) at the hip.
	www.dartmouth.edu /~humananatomy/part_1/chapter_1.html (1947 words)

	anatompo (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		An arbitrary position of the body used to define movements as deviations from the standard it defines.
		Thus, in recording an observation, anatomical position is useful as a schematic device for description.
		"Close inspection reveals it [anatomical position] as an energy consuming position, seldom actively adopted and involving some scapular rotation and adduction, full lateral rotation of the humerus, direct mediolateral disposition of the elbow joint's axis, full supination of the forearm and hand and with the pollex [thumb] laterally placed!" (Bannister 1995:15).
	members.aol.com /nonverbal2/anatompo.htm (327 words)

	glossary (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		If A is in front of B in the anatomical position, then A is said to be anterior to B. Antibiotic: Any drug, such as penicillin, produced by certain fungi, bacteria, and other organisms, which can inhibit the growth of (bacteriostatic), or destroy (bactericidal), micro-organisms.
		In internal fixation with anatomical reduction and absolute stability, where direct (callus-free) bone healing is expected, the appearance of callus is a sign of unexpected mechanical instability and should alert the surgeon to a failure of the original mechanical objective (formerly referred to as “irritation” callus).
		This may be a normal anatomical structure, such as certain intra-articular structures (menisci, triangular fibrocartilage at the wrist, or temporo-mandibular joint, or the symphysis pubis), or may constitute the repair tissue after lesions of the articular (hyaline)cartilage.
	www.chriscolton.co.uk /glossary.htm (11676 words)

	RONJONES.ORG: Anatomical Positions
		This is the basic anatomical position health and medical professionals use when describing the human body.
		This drawing is great for standardizing a basic body position so everyone knows which part of the body is the front and which part of the body is the back and which parts of the body are the sides--but it's not very functional in terms of actual human movement.
		Thus, the anatomical position is good to know and understand as we discuss functional fitness and human anatomy, but it has its limitations in the real world of dynamic human movement.
	www.ronjones.org /Health&Fitness/FunctionalTraining/anatomicalposition.htm (206 words)

	Checklist of the Collembola: Morphology: Anatomical Body Position
		since in a normal relaxed position of the body, the furca is inflexed underneath the abdomen, while in anatomical position parlance, the furca is downwards extented.
		The anatomical position of a body is an arbitrary position of the body used as a reference when describing parts of the body in relation to each other.
		When used in conjunction with terms of relationship, terms of comparison and terms of movement, the anatomical body position allows a standard way of documenting where one part of the body is in relation to another, regardless of whether the body is standing up, lying down, or in any other position.
	www.geocities.com /CapeCanaveral/Lab/1300/doc/anatposi.htm (1809 words)

	Dissector Answers - Superficial Back
		Using the conventional anatomical terms, describe the body and the spatial relationships of its parts, for example dorsal/ventral, medial/lateral, proximal/distal, and superficial/deep.
		All anatomical descriptions are used in relation to the anatomical position, which refers to the body as standing erect with:
		Anatomical descriptions are based on four imaginary planes that pass through the body in the anatomical position:
	www.med.umich.edu /lrc/coursepages/M1/anatomy/html/musculoskeletal_system/introback_ans.html (1823 words)

	Anatomical position definition - Medical Dictionary definitions of popular medical terms
		Anatomical position: The position with the body erect with the arms at the sides and the palms forward.
		The anatomical position is of importance in anatomy because it is the position of reference for anatomical nomenclature.
		Anatomic terms such as anterior and posterior, medial and lateral, abduction and adduction, and so on apply to the body when it is in the anatomical position.
	www.medterms.com /script/main/art.asp?articlekey=24762 (188 words)

	ANATOMICAL TERMS
		It is essential to understand this position, because much of the body terminology employed in this course refers to this body positioning, regardless of the position the body happens to be in.
		The anatomical position in humans is standing erect, facing forward, arms at sides and palms forward.
		Medial/lateral (towards the midline/away from the midline): The ear is lateral to the bridge of the nose; the sternum (breastbone) is medial to the ribs.
	faculty.shc.edu /cchester/BIO254/anatomicalterms.htm (871 words)

	Anatomical Position - Physio-net
		The anatomical position is a position used as a reference when describing parts of the body in relation to each other.
		Used in conjunction with terms of relationship, terms of comparison and terms of movement, the anatomical position allow a standard way of documenting where one part of the body is in relation to another, regardless of whether the body is standing, lying down, or in any other position.
		A person in the anatomical position is standing erect with the head, eyes and toes pointing forward, feet together with arms by the side.
	www.physiotherapy.net.au /reference/glossary/misc/anatomicalposition.htm (136 words)

	Brent C. Bernstein : 409 : Midterm : Directional Terms (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		From this position, or the anatomical position viewed from the side, it is possible to describe any location on the body.
		The Anatomical Position is illustrated above, by the body on the left side.
		Like the Midline, the Mid-Axillary line is used as an imaginary reference point to divide the body, and is defined as running from the top of the head down through the ear, shoulder, chest cavity, waist, and part of the legs.
	www.rit.edu /~bcb4982/409/midterm/dirsys.html (487 words)

	Unit XI
		In the lower extremity recall that the actual hip joint socket is located more medially so that its position would be distal and medial to the lights on the picture at left as indicated by the arrow.
		The anatomical position is the actual position of the body joints as defined in medical terminology and anatomy.
		These concepts were the foundation for discussions about anatomical position, maintaining correct leg alignment and correct alignment of the spine, segmental spine motion, the relationship between the shoulder girdle and the spine, and standing versus the gesture leg.
	www.courses.vcu.edu /DANC291-003/unit_11.htm (4113 words)

	Anatomy Terminology 1 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		In this position the arms are held rotated externally at the shoulders and the forearms fully supinated and therefore facing forwards.
		The body is thus not in the usual position adopted at rest.
		However this position is accepted as an unambiguous starting position from which to begin to describe anatomical features and positions.
	www.sohp.soton.ac.uk /biosci/anatomy1.htm (547 words)

	+++ Dr. Ashley Minas - Online Medical Consultation
		After learning what the Anatomical Planes are, I have then listed how these are used in describing positions of structures and movement of structures as they relate to the Anatomical Planes.
		In this Anatomical Position, the body is assumed to be standing, the feet together, the arms to the side, and the head and eyes and palms of the hands facing forwards.
		In anatomical parlance, the thumb is a lateral structure, not an anterior one.
	consultdrminas.com /eng/04_medinfo/topics/06_humanatomy/01_glossary.php (2155 words)

	PSM11E
		Anatomical orientation - The study of anatomy is a systematic process with specific terminology and procedures.
		Three items of particular importance are the anatomical position, terms of direction, and planes of section.
		In humans, this position is the body standing erect with the arms to the side and the palms of the hand facing forward.
	www.accd.edu /SAC/biology/ratorres/printouts/psm11e.htm (1005 words)

	First Block Lectures
		Anatomical position refers to the standard position in which the body is placed for purposes of anatomical description.
		Structures associated with the anatomical snuff-box are the subcutaneously located superficial branch of the radial nerve, the deeper radial artery, and the carpal bone in the floor of the box termed the scaphoid bone.
		Two anatomical landmarks, the iliac crests and greater sciatic notch are associated with the ilium and will be discussed with the gluteal region.
	wings.buffalo.edu /smbs/ana/first1.htm (16186 words)

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