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Topic: Anaximenes of Miletus

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	ANAXIMENES (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		of Miletus, son of Euristratos, disciple and companion of Anaximander; the dates of his birth and death are unknown—according to the report of Apollodoros he was at his peak (’ακμη [akmé]) around 546 or 545 BC.
		Anaximenes, largely on the basis of his observations of phenomena, held that there is one principle.
		As the first of the Ionian philosophers of nature, Anaximenes described the status of the soul (ψυχη [psyché]) and its function in the body as a breath of air (το πνευμα [to pnéuma]) that is the principle of life.
	republika.pl /peenef2/angielski/hasla/a/anaximenes.html (446 words)

	Anaximenes Biography \| Encyclopedia of World Biography
		The Greek philosopher Anaximenes (active 546 BC), last of the important philosophers of Miletus, was perhaps the first philosopher to insist on an underlying physical law governing the universe.
		Anaximenes also assumed the air to be in a state of perpetual motion.
		Anaximenes went on to describe the universe not as a complete sphere like Anaximander's but as hemispherical, with the stars passing around, not under, the earth.
	www.bookrags.com /biography/anaximenes (437 words)

	Anaximenes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Anaximenes was the son of Eurystratus of Miletus.
		"Anaximenes, son of Eurystratus, of Miletus, declared that air is the principle of existing things; for from it all things come-to-be and into it they are again dissolved."{Kirk).
		Anaximenes was concerned with air and how it created everything, while Emerson dealt with nature as a whole, and how it affected humans and everything else.
	www.studyworld.com /Anaximenes.htm (716 words)

	Aristotle (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Anaximenes' assumption that aer is everlastingly in motion suggests that he thought it also possessed life.
		His thought is typical of the transition from mythology to science; its rationality is evident from his discussion of the rainbow not as a goddess but as the effect of sun rays on compacted air.
		This suggestion, together with Anaximenes' reduction of apparent qualitative differences in substances to mere differences of quantity, was highly influential in the development of scientific thought.
	www.spaceship-earth.org /Biograph/Anaximenes.htm (437 words)

	Anaximenes of Miletus Summary
		They assumed that from Thales to Anaximenes there was a continuous development in physical thought, and they insisted that this development was intelligible only in terms of the supposedly unique problem of the period: the birth and structure of the physical world.
		From the genesis of the universe at large, Anaximenes moves to the description of the shape of Earth and of the visible sky.
		Anaximenes (in Greek: Άναξιμένης) of Miletus (585 BC – 525 BC) was a Greek philosopher from the latter half of the 6th century, probably a younger contemporary of Anaximander, whose pupil or friend he is said to have been.
	www.bookrags.com /Anaximenes_of_Miletus (1607 words)

	Anaximenes [Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy]
		Using two contrary processes of rarefaction and condensation, Anaximenes explains how air is part of a series of changes from fire to air to wind to cloud to water to earth to stones.
		Anaximenes is the first thinker we know of who provides a theory of change and bolsters it with observations.
		Anaximenes' notion of successive change of matter by rarefaction and condensation was influential in later theories.
	www.utm.edu /research/iep/a/anaximen.htm (1018 words)

	Anaximenes
		Anaximenes was the name of several notable people in ancient Greece.
		Anaximenes of Lampsacus -- a rhetorician and historian
		Anaximenes of Miletus -- a pre-Socratic philosopher of the 6th century BC
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/an/Anaximenes.html (75 words)

	Miletus - Phantis
		Miletus was an ancient Greek city on the western coast of Asia Minor (in what is now the Aydin Province of Turkey), near the mouth of the Maeander River.
		Miletus was an important center of philosophy and science, producing such men as Thales, Anaximander and Anaximenes.
		The New Testament mentions Miletus as the site where the apostle Paul met with the elders of the church of Ephesus before his capture and travel to Rome for trial, as well as the city where Trophimus, one of Paul's travelling companions, recovered while sick.
	wiki.phantis.com /index.php/Miletus (259 words)

	Anaximenes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Anaximenes, a native of Miletus, was a younger contemporary and pupil of Anaximander and possibly of Thales.
		Anaximenes takes exception to Anaximander's teaching about the apeiron, reverting to Thales' position that the first material principle must be one of the basic elements.
		As Anaximenes thought of old, let us leave neither the cold nor the hot as belonging to substance, but as common dispositions of matter that supervene on changes; for he says that matter which is compressed is cold, while that which is fine and 'relaxed' (using this very word) is hot.
	www.abu.nb.ca /Courses/GrPhil/Anaximenes.htm (1023 words)

	Miletus - HighBeam Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Miletus, ancient seaport of W Asia Minor, in Caria, on the mainland not far from Sámos.
		It was occupied by Greeks in the settlement of the E Aegean (c.1000 BC) and became one of the principal cities of Ionia.
		Miletus produced some of the earliest Greek philosophers, including Thales and Anaximander.
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-miletus.html (244 words)

	miletus
		Situated at the mouth of the Meander in the south of the province of Ionia in Western Anatolia, the ancient city of Miletus was the oldest and the most powerful of the twelve Ionian cities in Asia Minor.
		Miletus is also renowned as the first city to which the principles of modern town-planning were applied.
		Miletus had a special agreement with Croesus, but after the collapse of Lydia in 547-546 B.C. the city came under Persian hegemony.
	www.turizm.net /cities/miletus (945 words)

	Ancient Greek Coins of Miletus (Miletos, Ionia, Anatolia, Turkey)
		Home of Thales, the “father of philosophy,” and his followers Anaximander and Anaximenes, Miletus was the intellectual and commercial capital of the Greek world in the century before Athens rose to prominence.
		The early electrum lion coins of Miletus — The first series of coins that is attributable to Miletus with certainty is a well-known group of sixth-century electrum issues that include full staters as well as thirds, sixths, twelfths, and twenty-fourths.
		Among the provincial bronze coins struck at Miletus by a number of Roman emperors were these types which feature an obverse portrait of the emperor Nero and a reverse image of the Milesian cult statues of Apollo Didymaeus and Artemis.
	rjohara.net /coins (1640 words)

	SparkNotes: Presocratics: Anaximenes of Miletus
		Anaximenes was another resident of Miletus, the last of the Milesian philosophers.
		Anaximenes is able to give us an account of how his physis gives rise to the plurality, something that Anaximander, presumably, would have been hard-pressed to do.
		Anaximenes is the first to explicitly include the processes by which his physis is transformed into the plurality of observable objects.
	www.sparknotes.com /philosophy/presocratics/section3.rhtml (693 words)

	ANAXIMENES
		He said that the first principle is infinite air, from which what is coming into being and what has come into being and what will exist and gods and divinities come into being, while everything else comes into being from its offspring.
		(5) "Or as Anaximenes of old believed, let us leave neither the cold nor the hot in the category of substance, but common attributes of matter which come as the results of its changes.
		Anaximenes appears to reject Anaximander's indefinite stuff, possibly as being too vague, and as leaving wholly unclear what it is that comes from the indefinite stuff that creates the opposites hot and cold, and how these are created.
	home.wlu.edu /~mahonj/Ancient_Philosophers/Anaximenes.htm (730 words)

	Reference.com/Encyclopedia/Anaximenes of Miletus
		Anaximenes (Greek: Άναξιμένης) of Miletus (circa 585 BC – c.
		What makes the three Milesian philosophers, Thales, Anaximander and Anaximenes, stand out is that the theoretical human has become a reality.
		The Anaximenes crater on the Moon was named in his honour.
	www.reference.com /browse/wiki/Anaximenes_of_Miletus (342 words)

	Anaximenes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Anaximenes was a Greek philosopher of Miletus, a younger contemporary and pupil of Anaximander, who died about 502.
		The spirit of Ionian civilization had been thoroughly secular, and this was one of the causes that favored the rise of science.
		The Milesian school came to an end with the fall of Miletus in 494 BC, but 'The Philosophy of Anaximenes', as it was called, continued to be taught in other Ionian cities.
	abyss.uoregon.edu /~js/glossary/anaximenes.html (353 words)

	Milesian school - The Mind-N-Magick Paganpedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		The ideas associated with it are exemplified by three philosophers from the Ionian town of Miletus, on the edge of Anatolia: Thales, Anaximander, and Anaximenes.
		Anaximenes held that by its evaporation and condensation, air can change into other elements or substances such as fire, wind, clouds, water, and earth.
		For Anaximenes, the sun and the moon were flat disks traveling around a heavenly canopy, on which the stars were fixed.
	mind-n-magick.com /wiki/index.php?title=Milesian_school (424 words)

	The Asclepion
		Miletus was a large and cosmopolitan city, with long-standing trading connections with the states of the ancient Near East.
		If Thales in fact predicted the eclipse of 585, his pupil must have lived in the mid-sixth century (the presumption of a pupil-teacher series of philosophers was the basis of the ancient dating of their lives, which thus remains very uncertain).
		"Anaximenes said that limitless (apeiron) Aer (air) was the Arche (first principle), from which arise the things that are, and those that were, and those that will be, and gods and goddesses, and the rest arises from these.
	ablemedia.com /ctcweb/consortium/demandgreekhippo.html (3223 words)

	Anaximenes (6th century B.C.)
		The independent spirit of Miletus, and the direct influence of Thales, may explain the fact that for a long time the new philosophy was thus associated with a single city.
		Anaximenes held that the common element is Air, a substance more simple and more pervading than Water.
		And what is true of man appeared to Anaximenes true of the whole universe, which he conceived as a living organism.
	www.usefultrivia.com /biographies/anaximenes_001.html (412 words)

	Anaximander - New World Encyclopedia Preview
		609 – 547 b.c.e.) was a pre-Socratic Greek philosopher, the second of the philosophers of Ionia (the first being Thales and the third Anaximenes).
		He was a citizen of Miletus, a student of Thales, and the teacher of Anaximenes.
		Thales, the first philosopher in Western philosophy, according to Aristotle, inquired into the unchanging principle of being that can uniformly explain all phenomena and identified it with “water.” This was an innovative form of inquiry in a society where Greek mythology was the primary framework of interpretation.
	www.newworldencyclopedia.org /preview/Anaximander (906 words)

	Links SQL: Physical Science/Astronomy/1. Fundamentals/(b) Greek Astronomy
		Anaximenes was the first Greek to distinguish clearly between planets and stars.
		Thales of Miletus (634-546 BC) predicted the year of the May 28, 585 BC solar eclipse, confirming his access to Babylonian records.
		Aristotle concluded the Earth must be spherical because of the shape of the darkened shadow of Earth that moves across the face of the Moon during lunar eclipses.
	www.mhhe.com /links/1258/1226/1388/1453/index.html (691 words)

	Science and Human Values - Pre-Socratic Philosophers (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Aristotle said that Thales, stung by jibes to the effect that if he were so wise, it was strange that he wasn't rich, quietly bought up the olive-presses in Miletus and surrounding territory in a year when his knowledge of weather told him the olive crop would be a good one.
		Little is known about Anaximenes (born: Miletus, about 570 B.C. died: about 500 B.C.) except that he may have been a pupil of Anaximander, and that he believed air to he the fundamental element of the universe.
		True, Anaximenes was quick to qualify his grandiose statement by allowing in living creatures the presence of something other than simple and homogenous air and wind.
	www.rit.edu /~flwstv/presocratic.html (4057 words)

	Week 1 Readings (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Although sketchy, the picture of the Ionians that emerges from these fragments is one of critical thinkers who planted and nurtured the seeds of a whole new way of thinking about the structure and function of the natural world.
		Anaximenes saw air as the mean between the opposites of hot and cold, wet and dry.
		Anaximenes of Miletos, son of Eurystratos, who had been an associate of Anaximander, said, like him, that th e underlying substance was single and unbounded.
	eee.uci.edu /clients/bjbecker/RevoltingIdeas/week1b.html (3597 words)

	Thales - Phantis
		One story recounts that he bought all the olive presses in Miletus after predicting the weather and a good harvest for a particular year.
		Aristotle considered this belief roughly equivalent to the later ideas of Anaximenes, who held that everything in the world was composed of air.
		Most of our sources for information on the Miletian philosophers (Thales, Anaximander, and Anaximenes) are the works of much later writers.
	wiki.phantis.com /index.php/Thales (890 words)

	Ataman Hotel - Miletos
		Miletus was a thriving centre of trade which founded more than ninety trading colonies, including Samsun and Giresun on the Black Sea coast.
		It is situated south of İzmir, in the province of Aydın, 20 kilometres north of Didyma.
		Miletus was first settled as early as the 5th millenium BC, and its heyday was the 5th and 6th centuries BC.
	www.atamanhotel.com /miletos.html (774 words)

	Anaximenes :: A : Gourt
		Anaximenes - Lecture notes by S. Marc Cohen, exploring reasoning which underlay Anaximenes' thought, and whether or not it is coherent.
		Anaximenes Fragments and Commentary - From Arthur Fairbanks' 1898 work, The First Philosophers of Greece.
		Life of Anaximenes - From the C.D. Yonge translation of the Lives of the Philosophers, by Diogenes Laertius.
	society.gourt.com /Philosophy/Philosophers/A/Anaximenes.html (134 words)

	Anaximenes of Miletus (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		He was certainly subsequent to Anaximander, and he could not flourish after 494 B.C., since in that year Persians destroyed Miletus.
		But according to Apollodorus, quoted by Diogenes, Anaximenes flourished from about 585 to 524 B.C. According to Anaximenes, the air is the primal substance from which all other substances such as fire, water, earth etc., are derived.
		Briefly, Anaximenes adopted a version of Thales hypothesis, but he changed the original principle from water to air.
	www.personal.kent.edu /~rmuhamma/Philosophy/PhiloHistory/anaximenes.htm (262 words)

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