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	© The American Physiological Society - Ancel Keys
		Ancel Benjamin Keys was born to teenage parents in Colorado Springs in 1904.
		Keys moved to the University of Minnesota in 1937, where he was invited to organise what was to become the Laboratory of Physiological Hygiene, the term he coined for the new field of quantitative human biology which he was pioneering.
		Keys promoted healthy, low-fat diet and regular exercise, and he stated, with characteristic bluntness, in an interview in 1959 that heart disease in the US was due to “the North American habit for making the stomach a garbage disposal unit for a long list of harmful foods”.
	www.the-aps.org /membership/obituaries/ancel_keys.htm (1373 words)

	washingtonpost.com: Ancel Keys, K Ration Creator, Dies
		Ancel Keys, a University of Minnesota public health scientist who invented the K rations consumed by millions of soldiers in World War II, discovered that saturated fat was a major cause of heart disease and championed the benefits of the Mediterranean diet, died Nov. 20 at his home in Minneapolis.
		Before Keys was out of his teens, he worked in a lumber camp, shoveled bat guano in an Arizona cave, mined for gold and sailed to China on an ocean liner as a member of the crew.
		Keys, by then a special assistant to the secretary of war, did other nutrition research, and his study on the physiology of starvation, conducted in Minnesota on conscientious objectors, provided the most complete record of the physiological, psychological and cognitive changes that come from food deprivation.
	www.washingtonpost.com /ac2/wp-dyn/A7213-2004Nov23?language=printer (710 words)

	Ancel Keys - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Keys attended the University of California, Berkeley, where he received a B.A. in economics and political science (1925), an M.S. in biology (1929), and a Ph.D. in oceanography and biology (1930).
		Keys postulated a correlation between cholesterol levels and CVD and initiated a study of Minnesota businessmen (the first prospective study of CVD) (1), culminating in what came to be known as the Seven Countries Study (2).
		Ancel Keys died peacefully of old age on November 20, 2004--two months before his 101st birthday.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Ancel_Keys (540 words)

	Encyclopedia: Ancel Keys (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Keys attended the The University of California, Berkeley (also known as Cal, UC Berkeley, UCB, or simply Berkeley) is a prestigious, public, coeducational university situated in the foothills of Berkeley, California to the east of San Francisco Bay, overlooking the Golden Gate and its bridge.
		Keys postulated a correlation between Cholesterol is a steroid lipid, found in the cell membranes of all body tissues, and transported in the blood plasma of all animals.
		Ancel Keys died peacefully of old age on November 20 is the 324th day of the year (325th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Ancel-Keys (1894 words)

	Ancel Keys - by Henry Blackburn, MD
		Keys was among the first to emphasize the relation among energy intake, energy expenditure, and resting metabolic rate, providing thereby greater understanding of activity calories and of the mass phenomena that lead to obesity.
		Keys show ed that, though we are all one species, major cultural differences exist in the distribution of risk characteristics and risk behaviors, including diet, and in the geographic and time distribution of the major causes of death.
		Keys and his colleagues and his successors have shown that these mass phenomena may change for the better or for the worse, and within a relatively short time.
	mbbnet.umn.edu /firsts/blackburn_h.html (1180 words)

	Ancel Keys, An Appreciation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Keys founded the Laboratory of Physiological Hygiene at the University of Minnesota in 1940 and established it under the University's Memorial Stadium, Gate 27.
		Keys was among the first to emphasize the relation among energy intake, energy expenditure, and resting metabolic rate, providing thereby greater understanding of activity calories and of the mass phenomena that lead to obesity.
		Keys showed that, though we are all one species, major cultural differences exist in the distribution of risk characteristics and risk behaviors, including diet, and in the geographic and time distribution of the major causes of death.
	www.epi.umn.edu /about/history/ancelkeys.shtm (1196 words)

	Ancel Keys -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		His interest in diet and CVD was prompted, in part, by seemingly counterintuitive data: American business executives, presumably among the best-fed persons, had high rates of (A disease of the heart) heart disease, while in post-war Europe, CVD rates had decreased sharply in the wake of reduced food supplies.
		Keys postulated a correlation between (An animal sterol that is normally synthesized by the liver; the most abundant steroid in animal tissues) cholesterol levels and CVD and initiated a study of Minnesota businessmen (the first prospective study of CVD) (1), culminating in what came to be known as the Seven Countries Study (2).
		Ancel Keys died peacefully of old age on November 20, 2004--two months before his (Click link for more info and facts about 101st birthday) 101st birthday.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/a/an/ancel_keys.htm (613 words)

	Ten Ways U Research Affects You
		By the time World War II began, Professor Ancel Keys was already well known for his studies of health and human biology at the University of Minnesota's Laboratory of Physical Hygiene.
		Ancel Keys was the first researcher to conclude that dietary fat played a major role in heart disease.
		In his landmark study, known as the "Seven Countries" study, Keys looked at whole populations and established that cultural phenomena, diet and activity are the major factors in determining the risk of heart disease.
	news.minnesota.publicradio.org /projects/2001/02/universalu/topten/9_krations.html (287 words)

	Ancel Keys, at 100; diet researcher who created K ration - The Boston Globe
		Keys received an urgent telegram from the US War Department asking him to develop a package of nonperishable food items small enough to fit into a paratrooper's pocket.
		Keys was casting about for research ideas when he was struck by the frequency of obituaries of men who had dropped dead of heart attacks.
		Keys and his colleagues showed that differences in heart-attack rates among different populations correlated with cultural habits such as diet and exercise.
	www.boston.com /news/globe/obituaries/articles/2004/11/24/ancel_keys_at_100_diet_researcher_who_created_k_ration (694 words)

	Italian Food: Mediterranean Diet
		Ancel Keys, Ph.D., who died in November, 2004, at the age of 100, was among the first scientists to recognize that human atherosclerosis is not an inevitable consequence of aging, and that a high-fat diet can be a major risk factor for coronary heart disease.
		Ancel Keys, who died in November, 2004, was an excellent testimonial to the health-promoting effects of his beloved Mediterranean diet.
		Keys and his capable associates conducted careful physiological and psychological studies of 32 initially healthy conscientious objectors (to World War II) through 6 months of experimentally induced semi starvation, followed by a year or more of rehabilitation.
	www.lifeinitaly.com /food/Ancel-Keys.asp (700 words)

	Ancel Keys (1904 - 2004)
		Ancel Benjamin Keys was born at Colorado Springs on January 26 1904, the nephew of the silent film star, Lon Chaney.
		Keys was not an easy man to work with and colleagues often felt the edge of his sharp tongue.
		Keys demonstrated not only that the relationship varied throughout the world according to diet and physical activity, but showed that, in most industrial countries, men who gain weight between 40 and 60 have longer life expectancy than men who do not gain weight or who lose weight during those years.
	ancel-keys.memory-of.com (965 words)

	References - Ancel Keys
		Ancel Benjamin Keys (January 26, 1904 - November 20, 2004) was an American scientist who studied the influence of diet on health.
		Keys attended the University of California, Berkeley, where he received a B.A. in economics and political science (1925), an M.S. in biology (1929), and a Ph.D. in oceanography and biology (1930).
		Keys postulated a correlation between cholesterol levels and CVD and initiated a study of Minnesota businessmen (the first prospective study of CVD) (1), culminating in what came to be known as the Seven Countries Study (2).
	mywebpage.netscape.com /Academia5271/ancel-keys-references.html (549 words)

	The Seattle Times: Obituaries: Ancel Keys taught public importance of eating well
		Dr. Ancel Keys, best known for putting the K in K-rations by assembling meals that could be carried into combat during World War II, and who was dubbed "Mr.
		By 1941, the University of California, Berkeley and Cambridge-educated Dr. Keys had developed enough respect among physiologists that he was tapped by the War Department to assemble a nonperishable, ready-to-eat meal that would fit in a pocket.
		Keys determined that the starvation shrunk their hearts, reduced endurance and to a lesser extent strength and even changed their personalities.
	seattletimes.nwsource.com /html/obituaries/2002102816_keysobit28.html (761 words)

	Boston.com / News / Science / Scientist who created K ration diet dies
		Ancel Keys, the University of Minnesota scientist who invented the K ration diet used by soldiers in World War II and who linked high cholesterol and fatty diets to heart disease, has died at the age of 100.
		Keys was a professor of physiology at the university from 1936 to 1972.
		Keys was born in Colorado Springs, Colo., and was an adventurous child.
	www.boston.com /news/science/articles/2004/11/24/scientist_who_created_k_ration_diet_dies (765 words)

	K ration creator led heart disease studies \| The San Diego Union-Tribune
		Ancel Keys, the University of Minnesota public-health scientist whose nutrition and diet research ultimately fed thousands of soldiers and saved countless people from heart disease, died Nov. 20.
		Keys grew up in Berkeley and got an early lesson in the fascination and frustration of a scientific life.
		Keys and his staff went to a Minneapolis market and selected items off the shelves: hard biscuits, dry sausage, chocolate bars and hard candy.
	www.signonsandiego.com /uniontrib/20041128/news_lz1j28ancel.html (831 words)

	TCS: Tech Central Station - Cognitive Disconnect (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Indeed, Keys' research indicates that the frenzied attack on fatness may have had the grave side effect of leading to increased incidences of eating disorders.
		Followup research by Keys in the 1970s found that blood cholesterol levels rise after dieting, possibly accelerating heart disease, and subsequent research has found the risk of death due to cardiovascular disease is double among those who diet and regain, compared to people who just gain weight.
		Keys A., Arvanis C, Blackburn H, Buzina R, Dontas A.S, Fidanza F, Karvonen M J, Menotti A, Nedeljkovic S, Punsar S, Toshima H. Serum cholesterol and cancer mortality in the Seven Countries Study.
	www.techcentralstation.com /113004E.html (1589 words)

	Obituary: Ancel Keys \| Obituaries \| Guardian Unlimited
		But in the US, Keys was also known for the "K" in the army's K-rations, the small but highly nutritional food pack he devised, which kept hundreds of thousands of soldiers going during the second world war.
		Keys was born in Colorado Springs to teenage parents, who soon moved to Berkeley, California.
		Keys always maintained his weight of 11 stone at 5ft 7in, and loved to eat Mediterranean style - which in recent decades had become an essential in fighting obesity - in the seaside home near Naples the couple bought on their book earnings.
	www.guardian.co.uk /obituaries/story/0,3604,1368550,00.html (805 words)

	Army Times - News - More News (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		MINNEAPOLIS — Ancel Keys, the University of Minnesota scientist who invented the K ration diet used by soldiers in World War II and who linked high cholesterol and fatty diets to heart disease, died Saturday of natural causes.
		Keys demonstrated, through a landmark study on the eating habits of Minnesota businessmen in the 1950s, how fatty diets were linked to heart attacks.
		The study, he concluded, held a powerful lesson for those in charge of rebuilding postwar Europe: “Starved people cannot be taught democracy.” Keys also noted that deaths from heart disease dropped dramatically in countries where food supplies had run short during the war.
	www.armytimes.com /story.php?f=1-292925-518570.php (388 words)

	Public health pioneer Ancel Keys dies - School of Public Health at the University of Minnesota
		Keys was best-known for his research establishing the connection between diet, cholesterol, and heart disease.
		Keys pioneered studies into how certain kinds of diets can lead to clogged arteries and heart attacks, and with his wife, Margaret, authored a book promoting the Mediterranean diet.
		In 1940, Keys founded the Laboratory of Physiological Hygiene at the University of Minnesota under the stands of the University's Memorial Stadium.
	www.sph.umn.edu /news/Inthenews/20041122a.html (334 words)

	Ancel Keys turns 100: UMNnews: U of M.
		Keys and his colleagues showed that heart-attack rates correlated with cultural habits--diet and exercise, in particular.
		Keys and his wife adopted the Mediterranean diet in the 1950s and wrote a cookbook to promote it.
		"Ancel Keys," by Henry Blackburn, M.D., University of Minnesota
	www1.umn.edu /umnnews/Feature_Stories/Eating_well_is_the_best_revenge.html (637 words)

	ASPH Friday Letter #1336 - 26 November 2004 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Ancel Keys (University of Minnesota School of Public Health) died Saturday evening, two months shy of his 101st birthday.
		Professor Emeritus Keys founded the Laboratory of Physiological Hygiene at the University of Minnesota in 1940, which soon became a mecca for research and training in the new field that combined physiology, nutrition, epidemiology, and prevention research.
		Keys was world-renowned in his research fields over the course of a career that lasted more than 70 years.
	www.asph.org /press/fridayletter/article_view.cfm?FLE_Index=1470&FL_Index=1336 (343 words)

	:: SCRIPPS OCEANOGRAPHY NEWS : : Scripps Oceanography's Oldest Living Alumnus Receives UCSD Alumni Award ::
		Ancel Keys, the oldest living alumnus of the century-old Scripps Institution of Oceanography at the University of California, San Diego, has been selected to receive the Professional Achievement Award from the UCSD Alumni Association.
		"Ancel Keys is one of the most extraordinary and influential alumni to have received his education at the University of California," said Scripps Director Charles F. Kennel.
		Keys was born on January 26, 1904, in Colorado Springs, Colorado.
	scrippsnews.ucsd.edu /article_detail.cfm?article_num=650 (839 words)

	Blog of Death: Ancel Keys
		Ancel Benjamin Keys, the educator and physiologist who invented K-rations, died on Nov. 20.
		Born in Colorado Springs, Keys was the nephew of silent film star Lon Chaney.
		Keys graduated from the University of California at Berkeley with a degree in chemistry, then earned a doctorate in zoology and oceanography from the Scripps Institute.
	www.blogofdeath.com /archives/001264.html (629 words)

	Ancel Keys - by Henry Blackburn, MD
		Finally, and probably most significantly, through his clear demonstra tion of geographic, social class, and ethnic differences in human characteristics and disease rates, Ancel Keys led many in the field of health to think in terms of "sick and well populations" as well as sick and well individuals.
		Keys show ed that, though we are all one species, major cultural differences exist in the distribution of risk characteristics and risk behaviors, including diet, and in the geographic and time distribution of the major causes of death.
		Ancel Keys and his wife Margaret have, over many years, been effective purveyors of a healthful and attactive eating pattern for the public.
	www.mbbnet.umn.edu /firsts/blackburn_h.html (1180 words)

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