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	Anchoritic Spirituality in Medieval England:
		Ancrene Wisse are frequently criticized by feminist scholars for their emphasis on the female body as the source of sin, for their general misogyny, and for the distorted views of women which they represent.
		Ancrene Wisse is comparable to devotional texts written for monks and thus predictable, in terms of its repeated cautions against yielding to temptation, entertaining inappropriate guests, and engaging in extreme, life-threatening acts of penance, and its exhortations to pray, read, and keep constantly busy, parts of it reveal an intriguing originality of symbolism.
		Ancrene Wisse may or may not have perceived the female nature as essentially and inescapably lustful, but it is fairly clear that he was quite comfortable with encouraging the anchoresses to think of themselves as the spouses of Christ, literally as well as figuratively.
	www.geocities.com /Wellesley/Garden/3741/papers/awtext.htm (9546 words)

	Ancrene Wisse Criticism and Essays (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Ancrene Wisse is an anonymous thirteenth-century guidebook of the West Midlands of England that provides rules for anchoresses (monastic women) on spiritual matters.
		Ancrene Wisse begins by explaining that there are two rules, an outer and an inner, that guide the life of the religious.
		Ancrene Wisse is essentially a rulebook intended to guide the reader in ways to avoid sin through living separately from the outside world, even when surrounded by other people.
	www.enotes.com /classical-medieval-criticism/ancrene-wisse/introduction (566 words)

	For Further Reading:
		Ancrene Wisse is notable for both its style as well as the orthographic regularity in which many of the texts were reproduced (Blake 129).
		Ancrene Wisse and related prose texts, two are of particular prominence: Corpus Christi 402 MS A, and Bodley 34 MS B, perhaps known better as manuscripts ‘A’ and ‘B’ respectively.
		The Dialect and Vocabulary of the Ancrene Riwle.
	www.chass.utoronto.ca /~cpercy/courses/6361Donaldson.htm (1365 words)

	Ancrene Wisse Study Questions
		Reread NA 9 on religious writings in Middle English and read NA 153-4 on the Ancrene Wisse; pay attention to discussion of women audiences in general and Anchoresses in particular.
		Review connection between the Ancrene Wisse and the other works of the "Katherine Group" (xii-xiii); editors' comments on the issue of "originality" (xiii-xiv); assumptions concerning authorship (xi-xii) and audience (x-xii andxxxiv); you may find it useful to review the background section on the Hali Meidhad study guide.
		Given that the Ancrene Wisse is a set of directives for women who have chosen a life of religious contemplation (thereby answering the invitation implicitly extended in Hali Meidhad), what sort of love might one expect to find described here?
	cla.calpoly.edu /~dschwart/engl512/ancrene.html (749 words)

	Ancrene Wisse - Articles - House of Hermits - Hermitary
		Ancrene Wisse (or Ancrene Riwle) is a thirteenth-century English guide for anchoresses composed by an Augustinian canon for three anchorite sisters.
		Like Aelred, the author of Ancrene Wisse is acutely aware of the potential for abuse, her own and from others, aware of seduction by idle men and the despair of isolation and lack of companionship that may plague the anchoress and lead her to temptation.
		The core of the Ancrene Wisse is section four, an enumeration of temptations, remedies, virtues, and vices.
	www.hermitary.com /articles/ancrene.html (2107 words)

	From "The Siege of Gondor" in Middle English
		Ancrene Wisse ("Anchoresses' Guide") was written in the early 1200s, and is a guide for women who sought to live a life of solitary, ascetic devotion as anchoresses (a particular kind of female hermit).
		Ancrene Wisse is written in a dialect of Middle English which had been spoken (and written) in this very region seven centuries before Tolkien himself became a writer of Modern English there.
		In short, Ancrene Wisse is written in a remarkably "English" form of English.
	www.carlaz.com /tolkien/mid_eng.html (569 words)

	Ancrene Wisse, Introduction
		It may at first seem startling that such a vivid and sophisticated vernacular prose as one finds in Ancrene Wisse (henceforth AW) and its related texts sprang to life in the Welsh borders and at a time (the early thirteenth century) when English was not at all a prized medium for serious religious instruction.
		The style of Ancrene Wisse reflects its male author's assumption that the spiritual potential of the women for whom he wrote was circumscribed and defined by their femininity.
		"Ancrene Wisse/Riwle, 'Surquide,' 'Caue,' 'Creauant/Creaunt,' 'Trusse,' 'Bereget' and 'Babanliche.'" Archiv 215 (1978), 79-82.
	www.lib.rochester.edu /camelot/teams/awintro.htm (16421 words)

	Ancrene Wisse - HighBeam Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		THE FORM OF THE SELF: ANCRENE WISSE AND ROMANCE.
		The tremulous hand of Worcester and the Nero scribe of the Ancrene Wisse.
		Black, white and grey in 'Hali Meidhad' and 'Ancrene Wisse.' (evidence for dating from mention of religious orders' habits)
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-x-e-ancrenewi.html (164 words)

	eBooks.com - A Companion to 'Ancrene Wisse' eBook
		Ancrene Wisse, a thirteenth-century practical guide for female religious recluses, addresses three young sisters of gentle birth, who were admitted to a convent to live each in an individual cell.
		It is known that Ancrene Wisse owes much to Old English prose writing and that it was composed in the West Midlands where Old English literary conventions were retained and developed even long after the Norman conquest, when English-language writing was on the decline.
		The aim of A Companion to Ancrene Wisse is to introduce this important work to those who are interested in Middle English language and literature and medieval religious life and to provide them with various approaches to the work.
	www.ebooks.com /cj.asp?IID=218487 (444 words)

	Paulist Press -- Sometime in the first quarter of the 13th century a number of works were written for anchoresses, ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The most influential is Ancrene Wisse (A Guide for Anchoresses), which discusses in great detail the daily life of the anchoress, both outer and inner.
		The most influential is Ancrene Wisse (A Guide for Anchoresses), which discusses in great detail the daily life of the anchoress, both outer-her prayers, her house, her food and clothing-and inner-her attitudes to everything she is and does.
		Holy Maidenhood, a treatise on virginity, praises the freedom and joy of the unmarried state of the anchoress, providing a series of arguments to support her in her way of life when she may be tempted to leave it.
	www.paulistpress.com /3257-5.html (547 words)

	Humbul Record : Ancrene Wisse Preface : a prototype edition for the Early English Texts Society
		'Ancrene Wisse Preface: a prototype edition for the Early English Text Society' provides a corrected and fully-annotated working edition of this Middle English text, a 'guide' or 'rule' for female recluses composed in the early thirteenth century in the West Midlands.
		This electronic edition of the 'Ancrene Wisse Preface' is based on an edition of the full text currently being prepared for publication by the EETS.
		The online text is extremely well presented, and is structured so that at any point in the original Middle English it is possible to access either the translated text, the original plus translation, or the textual commentary.
	www.humbul.ac.uk /output/full3.php?id=8865 (318 words)

	Amazon.ca: Ancrene Wisse, the Katherine Group, and the Wooing Group: Books: Bella Millett (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		NOTES AND QUERIES Comprehensive, informative and judicious, Bella Millett's study of one of the most problematic groups of texts in Middle English is one of the few bibliographies...represent(ing) an original contribution to scholarship, as well as providing a fine research tool.
		From now on, it would be silly to try to do any work on the Ancrene Wisse Group without having her book to hand...
		The general introduction surveys the history of scholarship on the Group, and the methodological problems involved; topics include the relationship of the different works, their origins, context, sources and influence, and a review of the current state of scholarship, noting possible directions for future research.
	www.amazon.ca /Ancrene-Wisse-Katherine-Group-Wooing/dp/0859914291 (379 words)

	Theology Today - Vol 49, No.4 - January 1993 - BOOK NOTES - Anchoritic Spirituality: Ancrene Wisse and Associated Works (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The works assembled for this volume were written for anchoresses by Augustinian Canons in the early years of the thirteenth century.
		The most important work of the group, Ancrene Wisse, which means roughly "a guide for anchoresses," is a discussion of the anchoritic life intended as a practical outline of rules and observances and a daily spiritual companion.
		The translators of this volume have done a commendable job of making contemporary the tension between, on the one hand, the negative, abject, and cautionary aspects of anchoritic spirituality, emphasizing personal frailty and the wrath of God, and on the other hand, the anchorite's almost heroic acts of self-exposure to God's transformative promises.
	theologytoday.ptsem.edu /jan1993/v49-4-booknotes12.htm (331 words)

	Companion to Ancrene Wisse, 0859917622, £60.00/$105.00, 272pp, 2003
		Ancrene Wisse and the Identities of Mary Salome
		This collection...amply testifies to the central place Ancrene Wisse has come to occupy in the history of English devotional literature.
		A timely and important contribution to the field of anchoritic studies....The fact is that many of these essays will be important influences on Ancrene Wisse research for some time to come.
	www.boydell.co.uk /59917622.HTM (436 words)

	Concordance to Ancrene Wisse, 0859913953, £150.00/$270.00, 1262pp, 1993
		The Concordance to `Ancrene Wisse' is a computer-based concordance to the early Middle English prose rule for anchoresses, Ancrene Wisse.
		Scholarly discussion of Ancrene Wisseusually refers to Tolkien's diplomatic edition of this manuscript and a definitive critical edition based on all manuscripts has yet to appear.
		The Concordanceis an important tool for the study of prose style, lexis, the history of the English language, and, of course, indispensable for all literary and linguistic study of Ancrene Wisse itself.
	www.boydell.co.uk /59913953.HTM (313 words)

	vol14
		Paradoxically, the Ancrene Wisse author would also like the anchoress to fly away from the world and the flesh like a bird, soaring in contemplation (fol.
		She asserts, and I agree, that contemporary critics should not explain these elements away; misogyny is present in this text, but it is less strong than the love that the author shows to his readers.
		For a different view, that Ancrene Wisse's author betrays his lack of respect for his women readers through his textual strategies, particularly his attention to earthly metaphors, see Elizabeth Robertson, "The Rule of the Body: The Feminine Spirituality of the Ancrene Wisse," in Equally in God's Image: Women in the Middle Ages, ed.
	www.luc.edu /publications/medieval/vol14/14ch4n.html (967 words)

	Lives of a cell: The vocation of the anchoress in 'Ancrene Wisse' and Julian of Norwich's 'Showings'
		The premise of this dissertation is to investigate the thirteenth century text, Ancrene Wisse, in light of this concept of liminality, and to explore its presentation of the connections which the anchoress establishes and maintains with medieval society.
		In the case of Ancrene Wisse, this nucleus is love; love for God, but also for those outside the cell.
		Julian represents the vocation of the anchoress as one who reaches out to her “even-Christians.” This dynamic of solitude-in-community and community-in-solitude pertains to the larger history of reclusion in the Church, and provides a model for Christian discipleship which extends far beyond those who choose solitude as a permanent way of life.
	escholarship.bc.edu /dissertations/AAI3008592 (383 words)

	A Companion to Ancrene Wisse:0859917622:Wada, Yoko :eCampus.com
		The thirteenth-century Ancrene Wisse is a guide for female recluses.
		Addressed to three young sisters of gentle birth, it teaches what truly good anchoresses should and should not do, offering in its examples a glimpse of the real life women had in England in the middle ages.
		11 Ancrene Wisse and the Identities of Mary Salome
	www.ecampus.com /bk_detail.asp?isbn=0859917622 (223 words)

	Amazon.ca: Temptations from Ancrene Wisse: Books: Yoko Wada (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The anonymous early thirteenth-century guide for anchoresses, the Ancrene Wisse, is one of the most important Middle English prose texts.
		Divided into eight parts, it provides instruction, in a lively and witty style, on a variety of matters,from prayer to everyday life, including diet, clothes, and possessions.
		This, the first, consists of the text from Cambridge, Corpus Christi College MS 402., with a modern English translation on the facing page; there is also a scholarly introduction which covers many points of critical debate, including the textual history of Ancrene Wisse, the question of authorship, and its use by other writers.
	www.amazon.ca /Temptations-Ancrene-Wisse-Yoko-Wada/dp/0859914518 (278 words)

	Bibliography
		The English Text of the Ancrene Riwle: Ancrene Wisse, edited from the Corpus Christi College Cambridge MS 402.
		The English Text of the Ancrene Riwle, Gonville and Caius MS 234/120.
		Ancrene Wisse, The Katherine Group and The Wooing Group.
	members.fortunecity.com /umilta/bibliogr.html (5830 words)

	Bella Millett
		My interests in both teaching and research are in the medieval period, particularly (though not only) the twelfth and thirteenth centuries; for further details, see under Course websites and Publications.
		The main focus of my research for the past few years has been Ancrene Wisse, a thirteenth-century Middle English rule for women recluses, which I am currently editing for the Early English Text Society.
		2003 "The Genre of Ancrene Wisse" in A Companion to Ancrene Wisse, ed.
	www.soton.ac.uk /~enm (818 words)

	Anchoritic Spirituality: Ancrene Wisse and Associated Works. - book reviews Commonweal - Find Articles
		These works are much earlier than Julian's Showings, nonetheless they provide a context for Julian's life and shed much light on her writings.
		As I read the Ancrene Wisse (AW), for example, I could see more clearly what Bradley meant by the limits imposed on these female ascetics with respect to teaching.
		Bradley's analysis of Julian's clothing and knitting metaphors came alive in those pages of the AW where the legitimate occupations of the anchoress are described (sewing for the poor and for the church is recommended).
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m1252/is_n14_v120/ai_14283288/pg_4 (279 words)

	Amazon.fr : Ancrene Wisse, the Katherine Group, and the Wooing Group: Livres en anglais: Bella Millett (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Amazon.fr : Ancrene Wisse, the Katherine Group, and the Wooing Group: Livres en anglais: Bella Millett
		Ancrene Wisse, the Katherine Group, and the Wooing Group (Relié)
		Editeur : découvrez comment les clients peuvent effectuer des recherches sur le contenu de ce livre.
	www.amazon.fr /Ancrene-Wisse-Katherine-Group-Wooing/dp/0859914291 (446 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Ancren Riwle
		Of the text of this "Rule" several copies are extant in the English libraries.
		402), is entitled "Ancren Wissé" and is thought by some to be an abridgment, or adaptation, of the Latin tract of Simon of Ghent who was Bishop of Salisbury (1297- 1315).
		The British Museum possesses five copies, three of which were collated for the printed edition published for the Camden Society by the Rev. James Morton in 1852.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/01464a.htm (699 words)

	Resources on Anchoresses and the Anchoritic Life
		They could be members of religious orders but they also could be solitary individuals who chose to live an ascetic life marked by permanent enclosure in a building or part of a building (an anchorage or anchorhold) attached to a religious foundation.
		The highly popular guide for the female anchorite, the 13th-century Ancrene Wisse, outlined a liturgical day with a series of prayers, some in the vernacular, more simple than that of the Benedictine rule, and gave many rules for conduct.
		Introduction to Bob Hasenfratz's new edition of Ancrene Wisse: http://www.lib.rochester.edu/camelot/teams/awintro.htm and the Bibliography to his edition: http://www.lib.rochester.edu/camelot/teams/awintro.htm#bib
	faculty.winthrop.edu /kosterj/engl310h/anchoress.htm (529 words)

	English Text of the Ancrene Riwle: Ancrene Wisse, Corpus Christi College Cambridge MS 402; Hardback; Book
		English Text of the Ancrene Riwle: Ancrene Wisse, Corpus Christi College Cambridge MS 402; Hardback; Book
		English Text of the Ancrene Riwle: Ancrene Wisse, Corpus Christi College Cambridge MS 402
		Prices subject to change to be advised on confirmation of order.
	www.netstoreusa.com /aubooks/019/0197222498.shtml (173 words)

	Amazon.co.uk: Ancrene Wisse (Exeter Mediaeval Texts & Studies): Books: Geoffrey Shepherd (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Amazon.co.uk: Ancrene Wisse (Exeter Mediaeval Texts & Studies): Books: Geoffrey Shepherd
		Publisher: learn how customers can search inside this book.
		Ancrene Wisse (Exeter Mediaeval Texts & Studies) (Paperback)
	www.amazon.co.uk /Ancrene-Wisse-Exeter-Mediaeval-Studies/dp/0859892565 (191 words)

	Ancrene Wisse (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Writing for Religious Women: "Guide for Anchoresses" (Ancrene Wisse)
		The ancrene riwle: (the Corpus Ms.: Ancrene wisse).
		Selections from the Katherine Group and Ancrene Wisse.
	www.unc.edu /~jwittig/51/51bib/ancwisse.htm (101 words)

	The Solitary Self : Individuality in the Ancrene Wisse - Price Comparison (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
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	books.compricer.com /0674817516 (53 words)

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