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Topic: Andronicus I Comnenus

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	Andronicus I (Comnenus) - LoveToKnow 1911
		ANDRONICUS I. emperor of the East, son of Isaac, and grandson of Alexius I. Comnenus, was born about the beginning of the 12th century.
		Although Andronicus was at that time fifty-six years old, age had not diminished his charms, and Theodora became the next victim of his artful seduction.
		Andronicus seems then to have resolved to exterminate the aristocracy, and his plans were nearly crowned with success.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Andronicus_I_(Comnenus) (984 words)

	Andronicus I Comnenus
		Andronicus I Comnenus, Byzantine emperor, son of prince Isaac Comnenus[?], and grandson of Alexius I Comnenus, was born about the beginning of the 12th century.
		To avoid the vengeance of the Emperor, she fled with Andronicus to the court of the Sultan of Damascus; but not deeming themselves safe there, they continued their perilous journey through Persia and Turkestan, round the Caspian Sea and across Mount Caucasus[?], until at length they settled among the Turks on the borders of Trebizond.
		While Andronicus was on one of his incursions, his castle was surprised by the Governor of Trebizond, and Theodora with her two children were captured and sent to Constantinople.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/an/Andronicus_I.html (990 words)

	Alexius II Comnenus
		Alexius II (Comnenus) (1167-1183), Byzantine emperor, was the son of emperor Manuel I Comnenus and Maria, daughter of Raymund, prince of Antioch, and was born at Constantinople on the 10th of September 1167.
		Their party was defeated (May 2, 1182), but Andronicus Comnenus took advantage of these disorders to aim at the crown, entered Constantinople, where he was received with almost divine honours, and overthrew the regents.
		Andronicus was now formally proclaimed as co-emperor, and not long afterwards, on the pretext that divided rule was injurious to the Empire, he caused Alexius to be strangled with a bow-string (October 1183).
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/al/Alexius_II.html (285 words)

	Highbeam Encyclopedia - Search Results for Comnenus (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Comnenus, family name of several Byzantine emperorsâ” Isaac I, Alexius I, John II, Manuel I, Alexius II, and Andronicus I â”who reigned in the 11th and 12th cent., and of the historian, Princess Anna Comnena.
		John II (John Comnenus), 1088-1143, Byzantine emperor (1118-43), son and successor of Alexius I. He was crowned despite the intrigues of his sister, Anna Comnena, and of his mother, Irene.
		Alexius II (Alexius Comnenus), 1168-83, Byzantine emperor (1180-83), son and successor of Manuel I. His mother, Mary of Antioch, who was regent for him, alienated the population by favoring the Latin element in Constantinople.
	www.encyclopedia.com /SearchResults.aspx?Q=Comnenus (634 words)

	Roman Emperors DIR Alexius II Comnenus
		Throughout, the spectre of the boy emperor's second cousin Andronicus loomed, whether it be as a rallying-point to the opponents of the regency of the first years of Alexius' reign, be it as regent in succession to the legitimate regency of Maria of Antioch (Maria-Xene) (appointed by Alexius' father Manuel), or as co-emperor.
		Andronicus Angelus (father of the future emperors Isaac II and Alexius III) marched out from Nicomedia and fought with Andronicus Comnenus at the village of Charax, to be roundly defeated in spite of his superior numbers.
		Andronicus Comnenus' two sons, imprisoned for their part in Maria Porphyrogenita's plot, were released, and the protosebastos imprisoned in their place.
	www.roman-emperors.org /alexiicom.htm (2527 words)

	Roman Emperors DIR Andronikos I Komnenos Andronicus I Comnenus
		Andronicus was bewitched by the comeliness of Manuel's sister-in-law Philippa of Antioch,[[7]] and deserted his governorship of Cilicia to indulge in a love-match with her, although she was within the forbidden degrees of kinship.
		Andronicus took measures to consolidate his own position, marrying his daughter Irene to Manuel's illegitimate son Alexius, poisoning Maria Porphyrogenita and her husband, having Maria of Antioch arraigned on a charge of treason and strangled, and finally, once he had been declared co-emperor with Alexius, having the boy himself throttled with a bowstring.
		Andronicus, for his part, inspected the fortifications of the city, and gave orders for those parts which had fallen into disrepair to be strengthened, but he nevertheless continued to pursue his usual life of sensual pleasure with courtesans and concubines, resorting to aphrodisiacs in an effort to be equal to the task.
	www.roman-emperors.org /andycomn.htm (4161 words)

	Andronicus 1st Komnenos
		Later Andronicus asked asylum to the king of Jerusalem, Amalarihos I. But the emperor always was after him and threatened anyone who would protect the traitor.
		Andronicus acceded to the throne by murdering all those who considered as a threat to his power.
		The continuance of the Norman march towards the Capital aroused reactions against Andronikos I. The outraged crowd arrested and tore the last member of the Komnenos dynasty to pieces in the streets of Constantinople, thus he met a horrible fate, in September 12, 1185.
	members.tripod.com /fstav/emperors/andron1.html (735 words)

	Highbeam Encyclopedia - Search Results for Andronicus (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Andronicus I (Andronicus Comnenus), 1120?-1185, Byzantine emperor (1183-85), nephew of John II.
		Andronicus II (Andronicus Palaeologus), 1258-1332, Byzantine emperor (1282-1328), son and successor of Michael VIII.
		Andronicus III (Andronicus Palaeologus), c.1296-1341, Byzantine emperor (1328-41), grandson of Andronicus II, whom he deposed after a series of civil wars.
	www.encyclopedia.com /SearchResults.aspx?Q=Andronicus (557 words)

	The Byzantine Empire during the Crusades (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Andronicus was Manuel's cousin and was a wild character.
		Rather than return to court to be reprimanded, Andronicus instead abandoned his lover and, taking with him much of the revenue of Cilicia, went south to Jerusalem.
		Andronicus was excommunicated by the Patriarch, but he was beyond the reach of the Church.
	crusades.boisestate.edu /Byzantium/08.shtml (563 words)

	Andronicus Comnenus and the Fall of Rome, Robert Wernick
		Andronicus was arrested and dragged off without a trial to wait and rot in a dungeon in one of the innumerable towers of the Sacred Palace.
		Andronicus was a special kind of Greek who could speak their language, joke with them, drink them under the table and match them in feats of physical endurance and raw courage.
		Andronicus haughtily replied to the excommunication with a well-documented letter comparing himself to King David who, as the Church well knew, was not only without sin in his private life, not only a rebel against his sovereign King Saul, but had gone to war under the banner of the unbelieving Philistines.
	www.robertwernick.com /articles/Andronicus.shtml (13646 words)

	Andronicus I Comnenus
		Andronicus I Comnenus (c.1118-1185), Byzantine emperor, son of prince Isaac Comnenus, and grandson of Alexius I Comnenus, was born about the beginning of the 12th century.
		Andronicus, now (1183) sole emperor, married Agnes of France, widow of Alexius II and a child twelve years of age.
		Andronicus was the last of the Comneni to rule Constantinople, although his grandsons Alexius I of Trebizond and his brother David founded the Empire of Trebizond in 1204.
	www.mlahanas.de /Greeks/Medieval/Bio/AndronicusIComnenus.html (1010 words)

	Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, page 246 (v. 2) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		comnenus], had married George's sister, and wished to employ him and another person to make away with the empress Maria, mother and guardian of Alexis.
		Both of them refused to embrue their own hands in her blood, but wanted either the power or the will to prevent him from executing his purpose by other instruments.
		bryennius (Bpuemos), was governor of the fortresses of Stenimachus and Tzapaena during the reign of the emperor Andronicus Palaeologus the elder.
	www.ancientlibrary.com /smith-bio/1354.html (952 words)

	Andronicus I Comnenus (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Enter Andronicus, a cousin of Manuel with imperial ambitions who had been banished to a remote castle for having the audacity to seduce Manuel's sister in law.
		Andronicus found himself surrounded by followers egging him onwards to Constantinople to claim the throne.
		Andronicus had the boy emperor sign his mother's death warrant and then shot full of arrows and his corpse desecrated.
	www.dirtyoldcoins.com /gandinga/id/andron1.htm (349 words)

	1180-83. 2001. The Encyclopedia of World History
		Alexius II Comnenus, the son of Manuel, who ruled under the regency of his mother, Maria of Antioch.
		All this was a policy directed against the powerful official and landed aristocracy and, had it been carried through, might have led to a thoroughgoing reform of the empire.
		This attack led to a revolt of the Greek nobility against Andronicus, who was deposed, tortured, and executed.
	www.bartleby.com /67/503.html (487 words)

	Andronicus I Comnenus (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab2.cs.unc.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		At last, in 1165, he was successful; and, after passing through many dangers, reached the court of Yaroslav, grand prince of Ruthenia, at Kyiv.
		The anger of the emperor was again roused by this dishonour, and Andronicus was compelled to flee.
		He left his retirement, secured the support of the army and marched upon Constantinople, where his advent was stained by a cruel massacre of the Latin inhabitants, which was focused on the Venetian merchants who virtually controlled the economy of the city.
	publicliterature.org.cob-web.org:8888 /en/wikipedia/a/an/andronicus_i_comnenus.html (1022 words)

	Andronicus - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Andronicus ben Meshullam — a Jewish scholar of the second century BC Andronicus of Cyrrhus (c.
		Coptic Pope Andronicus of Alexandria (reigned 616 - 622)
		Andronicus, or the Unfortunate Politician — a 1646 satire by Thomas Fuller
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Andronicus (182 words)

	Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, page 822 (v. 1) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Alexis, illegitimate, Sebastocrator; married Irene, natural daughter of Andronicus I. Comnenus and Theodora Comnena; destined to succeed Andronicus I., by whom he was afterwards blinded for conspiracy ; though blind, created Caesar by Isaac II, ; for some time a monk ; a learned and highly gifted man, of whom no issue is known.
		Andronicus, Emperor [andronicus I.]; born about 1112; began to reign 1182—3; put to death 1185 ; married 1.
		These three persons are all historical, but their descent from John Comnenus is more than doubtful.
	www.ancientlibrary.com /smith-bio/0831.html (509 words)

	Trebizond - Cunnan
		Alexios became first Grand Comnenus and emperor and held Trebizond against foes, even after Sinope and much of Paphlagonia were lost.
		His empire clung to the south-eastern corner of the Black Sea, and survived by playing off foes one against another, and by the marriage of Comnenus daughters into local power bases, to obtain and maintain defensive alliances.
		The Empire was less one of conquest and more one of trade -- it was a Christian outpost on the edge of the Muslim and barbarian worlds, and to and through it came merchants from East and West.
	cunnan.sca.org.au /wiki/Trebizond (273 words)

	Angelus
		The earliest known ancestor is Constantine Angelos (died 1166), a Byzantine noble of unknown background who was the second husband of Theodora Comnena, a younger daughter of the Comnenus emperor Alexios I (1048-1118).
		Andronicus Angelus married Euphrosyne Castamonitissa (daughter of the general Theodore Castamonites); they were the parents of two sons; we are descended from both.
		The elder son, Isaac (1156-1204), was proclaimed Emperor Isaac II by the mob that overthrew his cousin, Andronicus I Comnenus, in 1185.
	martinrealm.org /genealogy/angelus.htm (410 words)

	Comnenus — FactMonster.com
		Alexius II - Alexius II (Alexius Comnenus), 1168–83, Byzantine emperor (1180–83), son and successor...
		Andronicus I - Andronicus I (Andronicus Comnenus), 1120?–1185, Byzantine emperor (1183–85), nephew of...
		Alexius I - Alexius I (Alexius Comnenus), 1048–1118, Byzantine emperor (1081–1118).
	www.factmonster.com /ce6/people/A0813080.html (146 words)

	Alexius II Comnenus - Phantis
		Alexius II Comnenus (September 10, 1169 – October 1183), Byzantine emperor (1180-1183), was the son of emperor Manuel I Comnenus and Maria, daughter of Raymund, prince of Antioch.
		He was the long-awaited male heir, and was named Alexius as a fulfilment of the AIMA prophecy.
		The young Alexius and his friends now tried to form a party against the empress mother and the protosebastos; and his sister Maria, wife of Caesar John (Renier of Montferrat), stirred up riots in the streets of the capital.
	wiki.phantis.com /index.php/Alexius_II_Comnenus (264 words)

	Empire of Trebizond
		When Constantinople fell to the Fourth Crusade in 1204, the Empire of Trebizond was one of the three smaller Greek states that emerged from the wreckage, along with the Empire of Nicaea and the Despotate of Epirus.
		Alexius, a grandson of Byzantine emperor Andronicus I Comnenus and a descendant of King David the Builder of Georgia through his great grandmother Katay (daughter of David the Builder), made Trebizond his capital and asserted a claim to be the legitimate successor of the Byzantine Empire.
		Levan Urushadze, The Comnenus of Trabizond and the Bagrationi dynasty of Georgia.
	www.mlahanas.de /Greeks/Medieval/LX/EmpireOfTrebizond.html (1047 words)

	The Decline And Fall Of The Roman Empire Chapter 48
		Isaac Comnenus was approved by general consent, and the associates separated without delay to meet in the plains of Phrygia at the head of their respective squadrons and detachments.
		By the hands of the same patriarch, Isaac Comnenus was solemnly crowned; the sword which he inscribed on his coins might be an offensive symbol, if it implied his title by conquest; but this sword would have been drawn against the foreign and domestic enemies of the state.
		His three sons, Michael the Seventh, Andronicus the First, and Constantine the Twelfth, were invested, in a tender age, with the equal title of Augustus; and the succession was speedily opened by their father's death.
	www.ccel.org /g/gibbon/decline/volume2/chap48.htm (19171 words)

	Child brides as young as 8 (eight) were common among the Byzantine emperors and nobility!
		Agnes-Anna of France,wife of Alexius II and Andronicus I of the Comneni Dynasty
		Manuel I Comnenus was looking for allies in the west, since the Peace of Venice in 1177 had effectively allied the Pope (Alexander III), the Holy Roman Empire, Venice, the other Italian communes and Sicily against him.
		Andronicus, his age and the incongruity of the alliance ('the overripe suitor embracing the unripe maiden, the dotard the damsel with pointed breasts, the shriveled and languid old man the rosy-fingered girl dripping with the dew of love').
	www.answering-christianity.com /byzantine_child_brides.htm (2656 words)

	Alexius Comnenus
		Alexius I (1048 – August 15, 1118), Byzantine emperor (1081–1118), was the third son of John Comnenus, the nephew of Isaac I Comnenus (emperor 1057–1059).
		His father declined the throne on the abdication of Isaac, who was accordingly succeeded by four emperors of other families between 1059 and 1081.
		Alexius ruled that dynasty along with John II Comnenus, Manual I Comnenus, Alexius II Comnenus, and Andronicus I Comnenus.
	www.themiddleages.net /people/alexius_comnenus.html (582 words)

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