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Topic: Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors

	Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors in normotensive diabetic patients with microalbuminuria (Cochrane Review) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Objectives: To examine whether the progression of early diabetic renal disease to end-stage renal failure may be slowed by the use of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors for reasons other than their antihypertensive properties, so that they have value in the treatment of normotensive diabetics with microalbuminuria.
		But, given the drop in blood pressure in patients on angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, it is not certain that the reduction of albumin excretion rate is due to a separate renal effect.
		Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors in normotensive diabetic patients with microalbuminuria.
	www.cochrane.org /cochrane/revabstr/ab002183.htm (486 words)

	MedlinePlus Drug Information: Angiotensin-converting Enzyme (ACE) Inhibitors (Systemic) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		ACE inhibitors belong to the class of medicines called high blood pressure medicines (antihypertensives).
		In addition, some ACE inhibitors are used to treat congestive heart failure or may be used for other conditions as determined by your doctor.
		They block an enzyme in the body that is necessary to produce a substance that causes blood vessels to tighten.
	www.nlm.nih.gov /medlineplus/druginfo/uspdi/202044.html (3229 words)

	Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors for coronary artery disease - [Medication]
		ACE inhibitors help lower blood pressure and reduce the workload on the heart, which lowers the chances of heart attack.
		ACE inhibitors are recommended for people who have coronary artery disease, particularly those who also have diabetes.
		ACE inhibitors, if used within 24 hours of the start of heart attack symptoms, appear to reduce the risk of death associated with the heart attack.
	www.peacehealth.org /kbase/topic/detail/drug/hw100755/detail.htm (541 words)

	Merck Vet. Edition - Angiotensin-converting Enzyme Inhibitors
		In the pathogenesis of CHF, the proteolytic enzyme renin is released by the kidneys and acts on angiotensinogen, which is produced by the liver and distributed in the blood, to produce angiotensin I. The formation of angiotensin II from angiotensin I occurs through the action of angiotensin-converting enzyme.
		Angiotensin II causes retention of Na and water, in part through stimulation of the synthesis and release of aldosterone by the adrenal cortex.
		By inhibiting the formation of angiotensin II, ACE inhibitors prevent vasoconstriction and reduce the retention of Na and water in animals with CHF.
	www.merckvetmanual.com /mvm/htm/bc/190206.htm (594 words)

	IV. ANGIOTENSIN CONVERTING ENZYME INHIBITORS The angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhib (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		ANGIOTENSIN CONVERTING ENZYME INHIBITORS The angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors are effective antihypertensive agents and have other indications as well.
		The major difference between them is that captopril is an active drug with a shorter duration of action 8-12 hours) while enalapril is a prodrug that must be metabolized to the active form, enalaprilat, which has a longer duration of action (12-24 hours).
		Mechanisms: * Inhibition of angiotensin converting enzyme results in decreased cir- culating levels of angiotensin II as well as increased levels of bradykinin, a vasodilator polypeptide.
	www.skepticfiles.org /md001/aceinhib.htm (437 words)

	Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers
		Angiotensin II binds to AT1 receptors to cause vasoconstriction and fluid retention, both of which lead to an increase in blood pressure.
		When patients with an ACE inhibitor cough were randomized to an angiotensin receptor blocker, a thiazide, or an ACE inhibitor, the cough resolved in 81%, 80% and 19%, of patients respectively.
		Comparison of the angiotensin II antagonist losartan with the angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor enalapril in patients with essential hypertension.
	www.ti.ubc.ca /pages/letter28.htm (1890 words)

	Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors -- Brown and Vaughan 97 (14): 1411 -- Circulation
		The scavenging of oxygen free radicals by angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors: the importance of the sulfhydryl group in the chemical structure of the compounds.
		Angiotensin converting enzyme in the rat heart: studies of its inhibition in vitro and ex vivo.
		The effect of an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, ramipril, on bronchial responses to inhaled histamine and bradykinin in asthmatic subjects.
	circ.ahajournals.org /cgi/content/full/97/14/1411 (6721 words)

	Current Controlled Trials in Cardiovascular Medicine \| Full text \| How long should angiotensin-converting enzyme ...
		Clinical data exists that indicates an effect of ACE inhibitors in the prevention of myocardial infarction and unstable angina [10,14].
		Treatment with the ACE inhibitor enalapril has been shown to preserve regional wall motion in the non-infarcted region in patients with anterior wall myocardial infarction [25].
		It has been demonstrated that human coronary atherosclerotic lesions contain angiotensin II [28], and a study of human coronary arteries indicates that ACE, and not chymase, is the major enzyme in the production of angiotensin II in atherosclerotic lesions [29].
	cvm.controlled-trials.com /content/2/4/151 (2832 words)

	North of England evidence based development project: guideline for angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors in primary ...
		Statement: the beneficial effects of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors are shown for patients with a reported left ventricular ejection fraction of 35% or less (Ib): the greater the impairment, the greater the benefit (Ib)
		Kleber FX, Niemoller L, Doering W. Impact of converting enzyme inhibition on progression of chronic heart failure: results of the Munich mild heart failure trial.
		Influence of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibition on exercise performance and clinical symptoms in chronic heart failure: a multicentre, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
	bmj.bmjjournals.com /cgi/content/full/316/7141/1369 (4838 words)

	Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors - [Medication]
		Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors block the activity of an enzyme that causes blood vessels to constrict or narrow.
		ACE inhibitors, rather than ARBs, continue to be the medication of choice for heart failure.
		ACE inhibitors are often started in people who have recently had a heart attack and who have a damaged or weakened left ventricle but who do not yet have symptoms of heart failure.
	www.peacehealth.org /kbase/topic/detail/drug/aa86713/detail.htm (611 words)

	Cardiovascular Effects of Fermented Milk Containing Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors Evaluated in Permanently ...
		Spectrophotometric assay of the angiotensin converting enzyme of rabbit lung.
		Quantification and localisation of angiotensin II receptors and angiotensin converting enzyme in the developing rat heart.
		Effect of sour milk and peptides isolated from it that are inhibitors of angiotensin-I-converting enzyme.
	aem.asm.org /cgi/content/full/68/7/3566 (2773 words)

	Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors - MayoClinic.com
		ACE inhibitors treat a variety of conditions, such as high blood pressure, scleroderma and migraines.
		They work by preventing an enzyme in your body from producing angiotensin II, a substance in your body that affects your cardiovascular system in numerous ways, including narrowing your blood vessels.
		Angiotensin II also stimulates the release of the hormone aldosterone, which increases your body's retention of sodium and water.
	www.mayoclinic.com /health/ace-inhibitors/HI00060 (347 words)

	NEJM -- The Effect of Angiotensin-Converting-Enzyme Inhibition on Diabetic Nephropathy
		Effects of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors in hypertensive patients with aortic valve stenosis: a drug withdrawal study.
		Renoprotective efficacy of renin-angiotensin inhibitors in IgA nephropathy is influenced by ACE A2350G polymorphism.
		Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor (AT1) antagonists: either or both for primary renal disease.
	content.nejm.org /cgi/content/abstract/329/20/1456 (7933 words)

	Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine: Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (also called ACE inhibitors) are medicines that block the conversion of the chemical angiotensin I to a substance that increases salt and water retention in the body.
		The recommended dosage depends on the type of ACE inhibitor and the medical condition for which it is being taken.
		While a goal of treatment with an ACE inhibitor is to lower the blood pressure, patients must be careful not to let their blood pressure get too low.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_g2601/is_0000/ai_2601000077 (1077 words)

	Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors after Acute Myocardial Infarction -- Pilote and Abrahamowicz 142 (1): 78 -- ...
		inhibitors but an ACE inhibitor with an angiotensin II blocker.
		Effects of an angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor, ramipril, on cardiovascular events in high-risk patients.
		Effect of ramipril on mortality and morbidity of survivors of acute myocardial infarction with clinical evidence of heart failure.
	www.annals.org /cgi/content/full/142/1/78-b (670 words)

	ASN: Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors and Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers Safe in Early Post-Transplant Period (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Since studies of ACE inhibitors and ARBs are usually started 9 to 12 months after renal transplantation, the investigators assessed these agents in the early post-transplant period.
		Cases were placed on an ACE inhibitor or ARB a mean of 28 days post-transplantation, controls 8 days post-transplantation.
		Formica concluded that ACE inhibitor and ARB administration is safe in the early post-renal-transplant period, even when started within the first month after transplantation.
	www.pslgroup.com /dg/221EB6.htm (428 words)

	Effects of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor antagonists on mortality and renal ...
		Effects of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor antagonists on mortality and renal outcomes in diabetic nephropathy: systematic review -- Strippoli et al.
		Effects of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor antagonists on mortality and renal outcomes in diabetic nephropathy: systematic review
		Table 2 Characteristics of study populations and trial designs of four influential trials of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor antagonists in patients with diabetic nephropathy.
	bmj.bmjjournals.com /cgi/content/full/329/7470/828 (3851 words)

	NEJM -- Effect of enalapril on survival in patients with reduced left ventricular ejection fractions and congestive ...
		We studied the effect of an angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor, enalapril, on mortality and hospitalization in patients with chronic heart failure and ejection fractions less than or equal to 0.35.
		The long-term impact of the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor trandolapril on mortality and hospital admissions in patients with left ventricular dysfunction after a myocardial infarction: follow-up to 12 years.
		The angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor trandolapril has neutral effect on exercise tolerance or functional class in patients with myocardial infarction and reduced left ventricular systolic function.
	content.nejm.org /cgi/content/abstract/325/5/293 (8726 words)

	Effects of Angiotensin-converting Enzyme Inhibitors and Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Antagonists in Rats with Heart ...
		Effects of converting enzyme inhibitors on coronary flow and myocardial ischemia.
		Kladis, and A.-M. Duncan (1994) Effects of converting enzyme inhibitors on angiotensin and bradykinin peptides.
		Izumo (1993) Autocrine release of angiotensin II mediates stretch-induced hypertrophy of cardiac myocytes in vitro.
	www.jci.org /cgi/content/full/99/8/1926 (6615 words)

	Impact of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors and Statins on Survival in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis -- Nadrous ...
		reductase inhibitors (statins) in the context of idiopathic
		Campbell, SE, Katwa, LC Angiotensin II stimulated expression of transforming growth factor-ß1 in cardiac fibroblasts and myofibroblasts.
		Sadoshima, J, Izumo, S Molecular characterization of angiotensin II–induced hypertrophy of cardiac myocytes and hyperplasia of cardiac fibroblasts: critical role of the AT1 receptor subtype.
	www.chestjournal.org /cgi/content/full/126/2/438 (3494 words)

	Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors
		Some commonly used ACE inhibitors are benazepril (Lotensin), captopril (Capoten), enalapril (Vasotec), fosinopril (Monopril), lisinopril (Prinivil, Zestril), moexipril (Univasc), perindopril (Aceon), quinapril (Accupril), ramipril (Altace) and trandolapril (Mavik).
		Taking ACE inhibitors with certain other drugs may affect the way the drugs work or may increase the chance of side effects.
		Anyone who takes ACE inhibitors should let the physician know all other medicines he or she is taking and should ask about foods that should be avoided.
	www.healthatoz.com /healthatoz/Atoz/ency/angiotensin-converting_enzyme_inhibitors.jsp (1607 words)

	Review: angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors are beneficial in type 1 diabetes mellitus and microalbuminuria ...
		Review: angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors are beneficial in type 1 diabetes mellitus and microalbuminuria regardless of baseline risk factor status -- Mahon 6 (5): 146 -- Evidence-Based Medicine
		Review: angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors are beneficial in type 1 diabetes mellitus and microalbuminuria regardless of baseline risk factor status
		The ACE Inhibitors in Diabetic Nephropathy Trialist Group.
	ebm.bmjjournals.com /cgi/content/full/6/5/146 (622 words)

	News - High Doses of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors and Angiotensin Receptor Blockers Required for Maximum ...
		Recent studies have demonstrated that angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) can have significant renoprotective effects, in addition to known antihypertensive benefits.
		To examine the optimal dosages of ACE inhibitors and ARBs, Marc S. Weinberg, MD, Rush Presbyterian/St Luke's Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States, and colleagues reviewed several comparative studies in diabetic subjects that evaluated the effect of usual or high doses of RAS blockers as monotherapy or combination therapy.
		According to Dr. Weinberg, the studies demonstrate that higher doses of ACE inhibitors and/or ARBs beyond peak blood pressure lowering are required to achieve maximal proteinuria reduction and renoprotective effects.
	www.docguide.com /news/content.nsf/news/8525697700573E1885256D96003111C6 (626 words)

	Impact of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors and Statins on Survival in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis -- Nadrous ...
		Impact of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors and Statins on Survival in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis -- Nadrous et al.
		Impact of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors and Statins on Survival in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
		Angiotensin II antagonism fails to ameliorate bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice
	www.chestjournal.org /cgi/content/abstract/126/2/438 (404 words)

	Texas Medicaid Vendor Drug, Criteria - Angiotension-Converting Enzyme(ACE)
		If ACE inhibitors and lithium are used concomitantly, monitor lithium serum concentrations closely and observe patients for signs and symptoms of lithium toxicity.
		When ACE inhibitors are administered concurrently with potassium-sparing diuretics, an additive pharmacologic interaction is likely to occur, increasing the potential for elevated serum potassium concentrations.
		Monitor for signs and symptoms of hyperkalemia when ACE inhibitors and potassium-sparing diuretics are administered concurrently, especially in patients with predisposing risk factors.
	www.hhsc.state.tx.us /HCF/vdp/Criteria/ace.html (879 words)

	Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors and Angiotensin-Receptor Blockers in Chronic Heart Failure -- Lee et al. 142 ...
		Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors and Angiotensin-Receptor Blockers in Chronic Heart Failure -- Lee et al.
		Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors and Angiotensin-Receptor Blockers in Chronic Heart Failure
		Angiotensin receptor blockers in heart failure: meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
	www.annals.org /cgi/content/full/142/5/388-b (565 words)

	Review: angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors reduce the progression of non-diabetic renal disease -- Berns 7 (1): ...
		Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and progression of nondiabetic renal disease.
		In patients with non-diabetic renal disease, are antihypertensive regimens with angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors effective for slowing the progression of disease?
		The reduction in proteinuria with ACE inhibitors is greater
	ebm.bmjjournals.com /cgi/content/full/7/1/13 (576 words)

	Angiotensin-converting Enzyme (ACE) Inhibitors (Systemic) Drug Search - Medical Dictionary Search Engines
		Pregnancy-Use of ACE inhibitors during pregnancy, especially in the second and third trimesters (after the first three months) can cause low blood pressure, severe kidney failure, too much potassium, or even death in the newborn.
		Liver disease-ACE inhibitors' effects may be increased because of slower removal of medicine from the body
		Previous reaction to any ACE inhibitor or previous occurrence involving hoarseness; swelling of face, mouth, hands, or feet; or sudden trouble in breathing-Reaction is more likely to occur again
	medical-dictionary-search-engines.com /drug/?name_id=30&level=2&flag=1 (2958 words)

	Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) Inhibitors, ACE Inhibitors, Aceon, Cilazapril, Fosinopril, Mavik, Monopril, ...
		ACE inhibitors are also used to slow the progression of kidney disease in people with
		If you are taking an ACE Inhibitor for which no separate article exists, talk with your doctor or pharmacist.
		In a double-blind study of patients who had developed a cough attributed to an ACE inhibitor, supplementation with iron (in the form of 256 mg of ferrous sulfate per day) for four weeks reduced the severity of the cough by a statistically significant 45%, compared with a nonsignificant 8% improvement in the placebo group.
	www.truestarhealth.com /Notes/1070000.html (659 words)

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