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Topic: Anglo-Irish War

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Irish Republicanism - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia During the Anglo-Irish War (or War of Irish Independence) the British sent paramilitary troops called "Black and Tans" to help the beleaguered British army and police. The Blueshirts were an armed fascist group led by a former IRA leader during the Anglo-Irish War, General Eoin O'Duffy. Irish anger at the continuation of partition was such that during World War II, although the Irish government covertly supported the Allied war effort and tens of thousands of Irishmen enlisted in the British armed forces, officially the Irish Free State was neutral and stayed out of the war. www.hartselle.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/Irish_republicanism

Ernie O'Malley - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia He was a prominent member of the Irish Republican Army during the Anglo-Irish War and took the anti-Treaty side in the Irish Civil War. The first describes O'Malley's role in the Anglo-Irish War and his life previous to it. He was captured by the British in Kilkenny in December 1920 during the Irish War of Independence in possession of a hand-gun. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Ernie_O'Malley

Anglo-Irish Treaty - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia The Anglo-Irish Treaty was a treaty between the British government and representatives of the (extra-judicial) Irish Republic which concluded the Anglo-Irish War. Ratification of the treaty was a direct cause of the Irish Civil War. In December 1922 a new Irish constitution was enacted by the Third Dáil, sitting as a Constituent Assembly. www.hartselle.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/Anglo-Irish_Treaty

Anglo-Irish War - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia The Anglo-Irish War (also known as the Irish War of Independence) was a guerrilla campaign mounted against the British government in Ireland by the Irish Republican Army under the proclaimed legitimacy of the First Dáil, the extra-legal Irish parliament created in 1918 by a majority of Irish MPs. The continuing militancy of many IRA leaders was one of the main factors in the outbreak of the Irish Civil War as they refused to accept the Anglo-Irish Treaty that Michael Collins and Arthur Griffith negotiated with the British. Republicans argued that the conflict of 1919-21 (and indeed the subsequent Irish Civil War) was the defence of this Republic against attempts to destroy it. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Anglo-Irish_War

Royal Ulster Constabulary - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia The bitterness of the fighting in the Anglo-Irish War precluded them from remaining in territory now controlled by their former enemies. To Irish nationalists, the RUC was seen as the law and order arm of a Northern Irish state to which they refused to give their allegiance. During World War II, the main concern of the RUC was smuggling from across the border and the enforcement of wartime regulations. www.sterlingheights.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/Royal_Ulster_Constabulary

War of Independence - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia The term War of Independence is generally used to describe a war occurring over a territory that has declared independence. If a new state is successfully established, the conflict is subsequently known as a war of independence. Once the state that previously held the territory sends in military forces to assert its sovereignty or the native population clashes with the former occupier, a separatist rebellion has begun. www.newlenox.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/War_of_independence

Guerrilla - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia After the military failure of the Easter Rising in 1916, the Irish Republican Army (IRA) resorted to guerrilla tactics involving both urban warfare and in the countryside during the Anglo-Irish War of 1919 to 1921. One of the exceptions was in the south, where the brunt of the war was upon militia forces who fought the enemy British troops and their Loyalist supporters, but used concealment, surprise, and other guerrilla tactics to much advantage. The ongoing war between pro-independence groups under the in Chechnya and the Russian government is currently the most active guerrilla war in Europe. www.pineville.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/Guerilla

HISTORY OF THE REPUBLIC OF IRELAND FACTS AND INFORMATION The state's neutrality largely arose from anti-British sentiment provoked by the Anglo-Irish War and the Civil War, and the state's lack of military preparedness for involvement in a war. The civil war cost more lives than the Anglo-Irish War that preceded it and left divisions that are still felt in Irish politics today. From 1919 to 1921 the Irish Volunteers (now renamed as the Irish_Republican_Army, being deemed by the Dáil to be the army of the new Irish Republic) engaged in guerrilla_warfare against the British army and paramilitary police unit known as the Black_and_Tans and Auxilaries. velocipay.com /History_of_the_Republic_of_Ireland

Doyle Clan History Part 9 This was the beginning of the bitter Anglo-Irish war, which lasted from 1919 to the middle of 1921. The Irish Free State, as it was known until 1949, was established after the signing in December 1921 of the Anglo-Irish Treaty, between the British Government and an Irish delegation led by Michael Collins. Amazingly, the Civil War was primarily about the Oath of Allegiance to the Crown, rather than the exclusion of the six northern counties from the Irish Free State. www.doyle.com.au /history_pt9.htm

History (14)- Irish Civil War There followed a protracted guerrilla campaign by the Irregulars, recalling the tactics used in the Anglo-Irish War of 1919-1921. After a six-month period in which positions were consolidated and attempts at reconciliation were made, government troops attacked the headquarters of the Irregulars in the Four Courts building in Dublin in June 1922, initiating the Irish Civil War. [ Chapter 14 ] - [ Irish Civil War ] users.net.yu /~shamrock/eire/history14.htm

The Hutchinson Encyclopedia: Anglo-Irish Treaty@ HighBeam Research In Irish history, articles of agreement between Britain and southern Ireland signed in London in December 1921, which confirmed the end of the Anglo-Irish War (1919-21) but then precipitated the Irish Civil War (1922-23). The settlement created the Irish Free State within the British Commonwealth and endorsed the creation of Northern Ireland. www.highbeam.com /library/doc0.asp?DOCID=1P1:100113687&refid=ip_encyclopedia_hf

BBC - History - Wars - 1916 Easter Rising - Aftermath - The Anglo-Irish War The Anglo-Irish war, 21st January 1919—11th July 1921 was initiated by a small number of young, determined Irish Volunteers, known from August 1919 as the Irish Republican Army (IRA). BBC - History - Wars - 1916 Easter Rising - Aftermath - The Anglo-Irish War A conventional war of large-scale open conflict was not feasible, given their lack of men, training and arms. www.bbc.co.uk /history/war/easterrising/aftermath/af04.shtml

The Troubles - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia This article describes the latter; for the earlier Troubles, see Anglo-Irish War and Irish Civil War. While the mainstream organisations representing Nationalists and Unionists tended to be quite conservative, more politically and religious radical groups emerged associated with Republicans and Loyalists, with Sinn Féin adopting a Marxist perspective of the 'Irish problem', defining it in terms of "class struggle". (See Irish Republican Army for a discussion of how some of these are related). www.peekskill.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/The_Troubles

Three Monkeys The Anglo-Irish Treaty and the Irish Civil War The Anglo-Irish Treaty and the Irish Civil War The Irish Civil War is one of the least talked about chapters in the country’s history. Either the Irish accepted an oath of allegiance to the British crown or not, and all the adjectives in the world wouldn’t be able to hide it. www.threemonkeysonline.com /threemon_printable.php?id=70

Forums at the Society - Russian Officer In The Boer War Some dischaged Great War veterans went on to play roles in the Irish Civil War, and there's some evidence that the Republican who shot Michael Collins was a discharged veteran of the British Army. It sounds as if that war was for the Russians what the Spanish Civil War was for US and British Leftists, or what the Papal States war was for European Catholics, especially the Irish: a focus for idealism and a chance for adventure, rolled into one. As with the Irish in Italy, the Russians in South Africa found their idealism wore a bit thin when they discovered the reality of what they were fighting for; they didn't at all take to the Boers' racist attitudes. www.militaryhorse.org /forum/topic.asp?TOPIC_ID=3669

Anglo-Irish War and Irish Civil War, 1916-1922 Irish Rebellion and Civil War 1920-1923, index of links by Simonides. Irish Rebellion and Civil War, index of links by Simonides. Irish Civil War 1921-22, by Ralph Zuljan (OnWar.Com) www.regiments.org /wars/20thcent/20irish.htm

Focus On: Aid for Mother Ireland Eamon de Valera, the president of the first Dáil, the Irish revolutionary parliament, issued this bond in 1920 during the Anglo–Irish War—the Irish war of independence. Following the Anglo–Irish War, the Irish revolutionary government divided into factions. Following the 1932 elections, less than a decade after the Irish Civil War, de Valera returned to power and served as taoiseach (prime minister) and later as president of Ireland until 1973. www.masshist.org /cabinet/march2003/bond2.html

frontline: the ira & sinn fein: chronology PBS Following the Anglo-Irish War (War of Independence) the Government of Ireland Act creates partition. It passes by 71 percent to 29 percent in Northern Ireland and in the Irish Republic 94 percent approve the compromise agreement. The Irish and British Governments temporarily expel Sinn Fein from the peace talks for two killings earlier in the month which are linked to the IRA. www.pbs.org /wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/ira/etc/cron.html

When World War I broke out When World War I broke out, the Irish-American lobby was first strongly opposed to any Anglo-American alliance, but later supported America’s entry into the war and even sent troops with ranks as high as generals. The money was later to be used by the Irish in the Anglo-Irish War. For the moment, the Irish had to be happy with what they had achieved. www.uni-duisburg.de /FB3/ANGLISTIK/Hpanglistik/projekte/Maksymiuk/Ireland/when_world_war_i_broke_out.htm

Amazon.ca: Books: The Anglo-Irish War, 1916-1921: A People's War An analysis of the Anglo-Irish War of 1916-1921 using the framework of a people's war, this study explains how one of the smallest nations on earth emerged victorious against one of the world's most powerful empires. Of the many accounts of the Irish War of Independence, none adequately explains the Irish victory over a force that was superior in technology, industry, military force, and population. While the theorists associated today with the strategies characteristic of a people's war were either not yet born or were unknown to those in the Irish Republican Army and Sinn Fein, the war they waged closely fits later revolutionary models. www.amazon.ca /exec/obidos/ASIN/027596311X

Past & Present: "The inborn hate of things English": Ernie O'Malley and the Irish Revolution 1916-1923 Travelling widely after the conflict in Europe and America, O'Malley became something of a bohemian, and wrote a brilliant account of his Anglo-Irish War experiences, On Another Man's Wound, published in 1936. His eye-catching statement (written as an Irish republican prisoner in April 1923) that "I have a decent library now and have ample time to browse deep in Chaucer, Shakesp[eare], Dante, and Milton",(15) offers a telling reflection of the range of his literary influences in this period. The political demarcation between the more Protestant north-east of the island -- where Irish nationalism failed to gain the day -- and the rest of the island owed much to a religiously coloured sense of history, identity and allegiance. www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m2279/is_n151/ai_18314963

Genders OnLine Journal - Watch Yourself: Performance, Sexual Difference, and National Identity in the Irish Plays of Frank McGuinness As the discussion unfolded comparisons were made to the still-current debate about the sexuality of Padraig Pearse, leader of the 1916 rebellion in Dublin that catalyzed Irish resistance to British rule and eventually led to the Anglo-Irish war. But while a growing body of important feminist scholarship has explored the consequences, both for Irish women and for Irish national politics, of this insistence on preserving the patriarchal family, there has been less attention paid to the fact that this conflation of family and nation also seeks to enforce heterosexuality. Dido's performance in Carthaginians is a two-pronged assault upon the double "myth of the origin" that underlies this version of Irish identity, a refutation of the "false sense of legitimacy" that myth gives to the various "culturally oppressive version[s]" of Irish identity inscribed on the other characters. www.genders.org /g28/g28_watchyourself.html

British Empire: Library: Non-Fiction: The Anglo-Irish War But to his credit, Kautt does not claim that Mao and other future practitioners of peoples' war got their ideas from the Irish. the Irish rebellion was actually a "peoples' war, such as was waged by the Chinese, Vietnamese and Algerians. His examination of the impact of the British reaction to the Easter rising of 1916, especially in the question of Courts-martial and firing squads, provided the first real impetus to a national sense of resistance that is so essential in a peoples' war. www.britishempire.co.uk /library/angloirishwar.htm

ANGLO Miniatures from this line can be used for The Easter Uprising of 1916, The Anglo-Irish War 1919-1921 and The Irish Civil War - "The Troubles" 1921-1922. First World War British troops and vehicles manufactured by other 28mm figure companies are entirely compatible with this CFM line. CFM is proud to offer this line of miniatures that depicts some of those who participated in the conflicts that occurred in Ireland during the early decades of the 20th Century. canfodmins.com /angloirishwar.htm

History 244 Week Ten Amongst these consequences must be included the sharp and dirty "Anglo-Irish War", and the similarly unsavory "Irish Civil War" following, which resulted in the foundation of the Irish Free State. But one of the most enduring aspects of the Great War is the fascination, at least in the western world, with the horrific pressures individuals faced in extended years of combat, especially in the midst of the endless peril of the trenches of Flanders and France. Thus, your writing and your discussion this week will concentrate also on the ways in which this focus has played out in memoir, in war poetry, in fiction both contemporary and modern, and in the attention of medicine to the physical and psychological effects of this wounding in both body and mind. www.dickinson.edu /~osborne/244page/244ten.htm

Meditations in Time of Civil War Background: "Meditations in Time of Civil War" was written in the Summer and Autumn of 1922 while Yeats was staying at his Tower in Co. Galway during the Irish Civil War. Perhaps the most graphic critique of the violence of the civil war, Yeats depicts that "[the soldiers] trundled down the road/ That dead young soldier and his blood." Since the soldier is not identified with either faction, it is a condemnation of the entire situation. Yet, while the soldier "comes cracking jokes of civil war", it is uncertain whether or not it is heroically important to die for the soldier's leaders' orders. www.glue.umd.edu /~sschreib/autumn_02/investigations/yeats.html

BBC - History - Wars - 1916 Easter Rising - Aftermath - The Treaty This was acceptable to Ulster unionists, who implemented the Act, but not to Irish nationalists, who broadly supported the IRA campaign during the Anglo-Irish war (1919-1921). The only alternative was a renewal of the Anglo-Irish war. Those who favoured acceptance argued that the powers it granted made it worthy of support; that it would lead to Irish unity; that it had the support of most Irish people and that the only alternative to it was renewed war with Britain. www.bbc.co.uk /history/war/easterrising/aftermath/af06.shtml

Colonial Wars For those of you who wish to game the Anglo Irish War we offer the followng: Set 617 Lord and Lady Bentwick and their servants. www.tin-soldier.com /irishwar.htm

Amazon.co.uk: Books: Guerilla Days in Ireland: A Personal Account of the Anglo-Irish War Amazon.co.uk: Books: Guerilla Days in Ireland: A Personal Account of the Anglo-Irish War Guerilla Days in Ireland: A Personal Account of the Anglo-Irish War Probably the best known leader of the IRA flying Columns during the Irish war of independence was Commandant General Tom Barry of the 3rd (West) Cork Brigade Flying Column. www.amazon.co.uk /exec/obidos/ASIN/1568331967

The Irish War of Independence in Cork city and county had a major role to play during the Anglo-Irish War of liberation. In fact, so effective was their campaign that more than thirty percent all British forces in Ireland were concentrated within the county during the conflict. The men and women who were willing to sacrifice all for the love of their country should not be forgotten. www.dhoun.utvinternet.ie

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