Anglo-Spanish War - Factbites

Anglo-Spanish War - Factbites
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Topic: Anglo-Spanish War

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	The Anglo-Spanish War
		A Spanish relief force attempted to lift the siege but was defeated on 4 June at the battle of the Dunes.
		The Spanish army of 15,000 troops was augmented by a force of 3,000 British Royalists - formed as the nucleus of potential army for the invasion of England by Charles II, with Charles' brother James, Duke of York, amongst its commanders.
		The combined Anglo-French army for the invasion of Flanders was commanded by the great French Marshal Turénne.
	www.british-civil-wars.co.uk /military/anglo-spanish-war.htm

	Anglo-Spanish War (1585) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Anglo-Spanish War of 1585 – 1604 was a conflict between the kingdoms of England under
		Spanish Armada in 1588, but the Elizabethans were unable to follow up their victories and the war was largely inconclusive.
		Spanish Main in the years leading up to the war had severely dented the Spanish treasury.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Anglo-Spanish_War_(1585)

	List of wars - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Anglo-Irish War (aka the Irish War of Independence)
		War of the Confederation of Bar in Poland
		War of 1812 fought between the United States and Britain, and part of the greater war between Britain and France
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/List_of_wars

	The History Guy: The War List
		These wars are placed in the Anglo-French category as an illustration of their placement in the pattern of wars between those two countries.
		Franco-Russian War, Anglo-French War, and a Franco-Sardinian War.
		War List Page Format: the format used for these lists is fairly simple.
	www.historyguy.com /War_list.html

	Anglo-Spanish War, 1727-1729
		The War of the Quadruple Alliance had been rather disastrous for Spain, notably leaving Britain in possession of Gibraltar (siezed in an earlier war).
		Meanwhile, Britain's never-ending cycle of balance-of-power conflicts with Spain had led to the War of Jenkins' Ear in 1739 and participation in the War of the Austrian Succession in 1743.
		Two years later a new war of succession broke out, this time pitting Spain, France and Sardinia against Austria, Saxony and Russia in the Polish question.
	www.regiments.org /wars/18thcent/27spain.htm

	Elizabeth I of England - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		July 1588, the Spanish Armada, a grand fleet of 130 ships bearing over 30,000 men, set sail in the hopes of helping the Spanish army under the Duke of Parma in the Netherlands cross the English Channel and invade England.
		The Spanish felt that they were justified in intervening, since Elizabeth had previously aided the Dutch rebellion against Spain.
		John Hawkins in 1568, Elizabeth ordered the seizure of a Spanish treasure ship in 1569.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Elizabeth_I_of_England

	The Western Design
		The first phase of Cromwell's strategy in the Anglo-Spanish war was an attack on Spanish colonial possessions in the West Indies.
		His intention was to capture Hispaniola (now Haiti) and from there to seize Spanish trade and treasure routes in central America.
		Gage told Cromwell that the Spanish colonies of Hispaniola and Cuba were weakly defended and could easily be taken by a determined force.
	www.british-civil-wars.co.uk /military/western-design.htm

	The Contemplator's Short History of the Anglo-Dutch Wars
		The Third Anglo-Dutch War was part of the Franco-Dutch War (1672-1674), waged by Louis XIV of France who sought control of the Spanish Netherlands.
		The Second Anglo Dutch War resulted from two incidents: the first in 1663 when an English squadron captured two Dutch posts in West Africa (because the Dutch were underselling the English in the slave trade), and the second incident, the taking of New Amsterdam in 1664.
		There were four main battles of the Third Anglo-Dutch War.
	www.contemplator.com /history/dutchwar.html

	MSN Encarta - War of the Spanish Succession
		Spanish Succession, War of the, war fought from 1701 to 1714 by the Grand Alliance, consisting originally of England, the Netherlands, Denmark, and Austria, and later, Portugal, against a coalition of France, Spain, and a number of small Italian and German principalities.
		The War of the Spanish Succession was thus a part of a continuing struggle among the powers for political and military hegemony and territorial aggrandizement.
		"Spanish Succession, War of the," MicrosoftÃÂ® EncartaÃÂ® Online Encyclopedia 2004
	encarta.msn.com /encnet/refpages/RefArticle.aspx?refid=761557450

	Anglo-Spanish War - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Other wars that pitted England against Spain, though not commonly known as "Anglo-Spanish" wars, include:
		Four wars between England and Spain are known as Anglo-Spanish Wars :
		The War of the Spanish Succession ( 1702 – 1713)
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Anglo-Spanish_War

	Reader's Companion to American History - -SPANISH-AMERICAN WAR
		The resulting domestic outcry probably made war inevitable, particularly so since the weak monarchy in Spain, feeling the force of an inflamed Spanish public opinion of its own, could not do the one thing that might have avoided war: grant Cuba its independence.
		At the time, and for long thereafter, it was generally regarded as an unsullied instance of applied idealism: a precursor of the American crusades to make the world safe for democracy in World War I and to defeat fascism in World War II.
		The war can most usefully be seen as the product of a particular historical moment, of a distinctive combination of external pulls and internal pushes.
	college.hmco.com /history/readerscomp/rcah/html/ah_080900_spanishameri.htm

	Military History :: British Civil Wars, Commonwealth and Protectorate
		The English Royalists had been crushed in the Second Civil War and several of their leaders executed.
		"The story of the Second Civil War is short and simple.
		King, Lords and Commons, landlords and merchants, the City and the countryside, bishops and presbyters, the Scottish army, the Welsh people, and the English fleet, all now turned against the New Model Army.
	www.british-civil-wars.co.uk /military/index.htm

	AllRefer.com - Honduras - Anglo-Spanish Rivalry Honduran Information Resource
		During the numerous eighteenth-century wars between Britain and Spain, however, the British crown found any activity that challenged Spanish hegemony on the Caribbean coast of Central America to be desirable.
		In 1780 the Spanish returned in force to Trujillo, which they began developing as a base for expeditions against British settlements to the east.
		During the 1780s, the Spanish regained control over the Islas de la BahÃa and drove the majority of the British and their allies out of the area around Black River.
	reference.allrefer.com /country-guide-study/honduras/honduras19.html

	Spanish Succession: Newfoundland and Labrador Heritage
		Newfoundland was not a major war theatre, but the French used their military base at Plaisance to launch several raids on English settlements on the Avalon Peninsula and further north.
		The English and the Dutch feared that if France were to control the Spanish possessions in America, for instance, they would lose valuable commercial opportunities.
		Expressed in these terms, the war was about maintaining the balance of power in Europe - ensuring that France did not become too powerful.
	www.heritage.nf.ca /exploration/succession.html

	BBC - History - The Spanish Armada
		What were the reasons behind the Armada, and did it bring an end to the Anglo-Spanish war?
		The drift into war meant that a number of fluctuating issues and pressures became involved and assigning precise causes is not easy.
		Yet it was not a conflict that either of them sought and war was never formally declared.
	www.bbc.co.uk /history/state/monarchs_leaders/adams_armada_01.shtml

	HistoryBuff.com -- The Spanish Armada of 1588
		The Spanish Armada is the term conventionally applied to a massive fleet dispatched against England by Spain's Catholic King Philip II in 1588, leading to an early and important confrontation in the nearly 20-year Anglo-Spanish War of 1585-1604 (the "Twenty Years' War").
		The Spanish navy was retooled in the 1590s and effectively solidified Spanish control over the waves, protecting treasure fleets from privateering while vanquishing English opponents on the high seas and on the coasts of Spanish America, and Spain continued as Europe's dominant power into the 1600s.
		The Spanish Crown and Spain's merchants had come to bitterly resent the unrelenting privateering attacks on Spanish shipping, and Philip was especially incensed by English financial support to the Dutch rebels, which he saw as outside interference in the sovereign affairs of Spain.
	www.historybuff.com /library/refarmada1.html

	Guardian Unlimited The Guardian Anglo-Spanish relations on the sick list as cruise liner sails out
		Spanish health experts interviewed on radio stations, meanwhile, played down the importance of the nasty, but non-deadly, virus.
		Shortly before relieved passengers finally stepped on to dry land from what some called a "prison" ship, where a rampant stomach virus had afflicted 400 people, the Spanish government of the prime minister, Jose Maria Aznar, ordered police to lock the frontier gate.
		Nobody had done that since 1969 when General Franco, in an attempt to force the Rock to accept Spanish sovereignty, ordered that the border gates be padlocked shut, a measure that was not lifted until 1985.
	www.guardian.co.uk /international/story/0,3604,1077226,00.html

	The Spanish-American War: The Leap into Overseas Empire: Newsroom: The Independent Institute
		Spanish forces in Cuba resorted to counterinsurgency warfare in an attempt to retain control, herding the civil population into centers of reconcentraciÃ³n to keep them from supporting the rebels.
		The Spanish-American War, whose centennial we observe this year [1998], was a short war, a popular war, and a rather cheap war, both in lives and money.
		As an easy, successful war fought by professional soldiers and volunteers (not by conscripts), the war quickly entered the history books as a sort of youthful fling, an exuberant expression of a young America waking up to its potential as a world power and to its (alleged) global responsibilities.
	www.independent.org /tii/news/981200Stromberg.html

	Anglo-Spanish War (1585) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Anglo-Spanish War (1585-1604) was an intermittant conflict, punctuated by large, widely separated, battles, between the kingdoms of England and Spain.
		The Spanish landed a considerable force of tercios in Brittany, expelling the English forces (however Anglo-French forces later succeeded in repulsing a siege of the critical port city of Brest).
		The war was ended with a peace treaty, which was negotiated between Spain's Philip III and England's James I and signed in 1604.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Anglo-Spanish_War_(1585) (1503 words)

	Spain - War of the Spanish Succession
		The acceptance of the Spanish crown by Philip V in the face of counterclaims by Archduke Charles of Austria, who was supported by England and the Netherlands, was the proximate cause of the War of the Spanish Succession (1702-14), the first "world war" fought by European powers.
		The War of the Spanish Succession was also a Spanish civil war.
		Britain retained Gibraltar and Minorca, seized during the war, and received trade concessions in Spanish America.
	countrystudies.us /spain/11.htm (1503 words)

	War of Spanish Succession, 1701-1714
		War of Spanish Succession, from Land Forces of Britain, the Empire and Commonwealth, links
		The Great Northern War (1700-1721) was a side show to the War of Spanish Succession, Sweden neutralizing Russia, Poland and, temporarily, Denmark, potential Austrian/English allies.
		In 1717 a Spanish fleet retook Sardinia, in 1718 landed on Sicily; the War of the Quadruple Alliance ensued, which brought a Spanish defeat; Sardinia and Sicily had to be returned.
	www.zum.de /whkmla/military/18cen/spansucc.html (1503 words)

	WhatÂ’s in a (WarÂ’s) Name
		Â The most straightforward designationÂ—Â“the Anglo-Spanish War of 1585-1604Â”Â—is accurate but rather bland, and there were so many other Anglo-Spanish Wars in later centuries that some head-scratching confusion might ensue.
		Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â The Anglo-Spanish land and naval war of 1585-1604Â—of which the Spanish Armada was a partÂ—was never given a specific name by its parents or by later historians who analyzed it.
		Twenty YearsÂ’ War in greater detail in an accompanying essay.
	www.people.fas.harvard.edu /~ulm/history/anglo-spanish_war.htm (1503 words)

	Castonguay: Spanish-American War in United States Media Culture
		Elizabeth Grottle Strebel's "Imperialist Iconography of Anglo-Boer War Film Footage" (although concerned with a different war) also is instructive for elaborating the specific ways in which Spanish-American War films engaged and aroused their audiences.
		Referring to the Spanish-American War films, he writes:
		Even though the Boer War ultimately troubled many a conscience and generally shook imperial confidence, the cinema only served to gloss over that which was disturbing, perpetuating the myths of the Empire and satisfying the emotional needs of a populace at war.
	chnm.gmu.edu /aq/war/fs2.htm (1503 words)

	The Defeat of the English Armada: A More Detailed Look at the Spanish Armada and its Aftermath
		Â In any case, it was the fortification and modernization of SpainÂ’s navy and vast overseas empire that would be PhilipÂ’s most important accomplishment of the long war, not his byzantine machinations on the European Continent, and this strengthening of Spanish sea-borne power would have far-reaching ramifications that can be felt up to this day.
		not represent a decisive Spanish defeat, nor did it in itself pose a serious challenge to Spanish naval power or King PhilipÂ’s war aims (which were principally directed against the Netherlands, France, and other theaters of combat on the European Continent).
		Spanish Armada, the scattering of the Spanish ships hardly translated into a triumphant moment for the long-suffering English sailors who had manned the coastal defenses.
	www.people.fas.harvard.edu /~ulm/history/eng_armada.htm (1503 words)

	The Press and Spanish-American Relations in 1898
		The Spanish-American War of 1898 marked a turning point in American history.
		Spanish threats can do nothing to bluff this country and it matters but little what speculators may do or say, there will be a hot time if Spain did it.
		Tensions were raised on February 9 when Hearst's New York Journal and San Francisco Examiner published a letter from the Spanish minister to the United States, Enrique Dupuy de Lôme, to Jose Canalejas, an influential Spanish editor and politician, which contained derogatory references to McKinley.
	www.humboldt.edu /~jcb10/spanwar.shtml (1503 words)

	List of wars - Simple English Wikipedia
		1532 - 1546 Ottoman-Habsburg War in the Mediterranean
		1918 Finnish Civil War, fought between "the reds" (rebellious Socialists) and "the whites" (anti-Socialists) in the aftermath of the Russian Revolution of 1917.
		1478 - War between the Principality of Moscow and the Republic of Novgorod.
	simple.wikipedia.org /wiki/List_of_wars (1575 words)

	Wes's Spanish Armada Page: History, Highlights, Myths, and Muddles
		The Spanish Armada battle at Gravelines itself was definitely not a titanic naval clash, but a short, inconclusive, rather anticlimactic encounter between two large fleets, both of which committed major blunders and neither of which damaged each other significantly.
		Fact : The English themselves suffered thousands of casualties among their sailors in the Spanish Armada engagement due to exposure and outbreaks of infectious disease, and the battleÂ’s aftermath was characterized not by celebration but by finger-pointing, infighting, and bitter protestations when many sailors were not compensated for months.
		Â’s buccaneering sea dogs were no longer able to raid Spanish treasure transports effectively, a fact that was underscored by the complete failure of a privateering expedition by Sir John Hawkins and Sir Martin Frobisher in 1589-1590 against Spanish shipping.
	www.people.fas.harvard.edu /~ulm/history/sp_armada.htm (1575 words)

	Samuel M. Goddard, Spanish American War Memorial
		By looking back to the recently concluded Spanish-American War, the dedication of the Seventh Regiment Memorial distinguished that day by looking to the future when Memorial Day was a time to remember all those who died while serving our country in war rather than a day of remembrance of the Civil War.
		The purpose of the exhibition, according to Private Swing, was to raise money for a monument dedicated "to the memory" of the soldiers of the Seventh who died while serving during the Spanish-American War.
		Growing out of the nation's sense of loss from the Civil War, Memorial Day was often the occasion when local communities unveiled commemorative statuaries at public ceremonies.
	www.usc.edu /isd/archives/la/pubart/Downtown/figueroa/Pershing_Square/spanish_american_war1.html (1575 words)

	British military history
		War of the Grand Alliance (or King William's War) (1688–1697)
		Seven Years' War (1756–1763) - the first "world war"
		Second Opium War (or The Arrow War) (1856–1860)
	www.worldhistory.com /wiki/B/British-military-history.htm (1575 words)

	Anglo-Spanish War (1654) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Anglo-Spanish War of 1654 was fought between the British Protectorate of Oliver Cromwell and the Spanish between 1654 and 1660.
		The Spanish army of 15,000 troops was augmented by a force of 3,000 British Royalists - formed as the nucleus of potential army for the invasion of England by Charles II, with Charles' brother James, Duke of York, amongst its commanders.
		In 1657 and 1658 the Spanish, sailing from Cuba, failed at the battles of Ocho Rios and Rio Nuevo in their attempts to retake the island, and in 1657 Blake defeated the Spanish West Indian Fleet.
	www.wikipedia.org /wiki/Anglo-Spanish_War_%281654%29 (1575 words)

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