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	Savimbi, Jonas Malheiro - MSN Encarta
		War with the Portuguese continued through 1974, when the government in Portugal was overthrown, and the Portuguese colonial empire began to disintegrate.
		The United States saw the conflict in Angola as part of the Cold War, the post-1945 economic and diplomatic struggle between the USSR and its allies and the United States and its allies.
		The civil war between UNITA and the Angolan government led by President José Eduardo dos Santos continued into the 1990s.
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761579850/Savimbi_Jonas_Malheiro.html (955 words)

	Death Of Savimbi-A Happy Riddance (Africa)
		The war was later to transform Savimbi into Africa’s great traitor (he allied himself with Apartheid South Africa), and a psychopathic butcher judging by the ruthless way he conducted the war.
		Savimbi is largely to blame for the perpetuation of the Angolan civil war.
		There are 70,000 Angolans believed to have lost limbs to land mines, and close to a million that have perished due to the war.
	www.njeitimah-outlook.com /articles/article/2076046/31950.htm (576 words)

	Angolan Civil War - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In their war for independence, which began in 1961, Angolans were divided.
		The war ultimately became part of the global Cold War conflict, with the Soviet Union supporting the MPLA and the United States coming to the aid of UNITA.
		Civil war between UNITA and the MPLA continued until January 10, 1989 when Cuba began withdrawing its forces.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Angolan_Civil_War (1314 words)

	Vietnam_War - The real meaning from Timesharetalk wikipedia (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The chief cause of the war was the failure of Vietnamese nationalists, in the form of the Viet Minh, to gain control of southern Vietnam both during and after their struggle for independence from France in the First Indochina War of 1946-1954.
		The Vietnam War was finally concluded on 30 April 1975, with the fall of the South Vietnamese capital of Saigon to North Vietnamese forces.
		The massive escalation of the war from 1964 to 1968 was justified by the administration as a response to the Gulf of Tonkin Incidents of 2-4 August 1964.
	www.timesharetalk.co.uk /wiki.asp?k=Vietnam_War (11210 words)

	Africa civil war - Political Forum - US & World Political Discussion Forums
		The Burundi Civil War (1993-2006) is driven by ethnic rivalries between Hutu and Tutsi 'tribal' factions of Burundi.
		The Ivorian Civil War was a civil war in Côte d'Ivoire that began on September 19, 2002.
		The Djiboutian Civil War (also known as the Afar Insurgency) was a conflict in Djibouti between the People's Rally for Progress (RPP) government (predominantly Ciise in ethnicity) and the predominantly Afar rebel group, the Front for the Restoration of Unity and Democracy (FRUD).
	www.politicsforumpoliticalworld.com /africa/7315-africa-civil-war.html (2434 words)

	pag1feb
		The resumption of Angolan civil war is a demonstration that the international community presence and strength is questionable when it comes to internal dispute over power.
		The civil war that restarted mid-November last year is just a continuation of a conflict, which began right after independence from Portugal in 1975.
		Angolans fought 14 years to become an independent nation but as soon as the colonizer left, a fratricidal war between the then Marxist MPLA and UNITA, began.
	ospiti.peacelink.it /npeople/feb99/pag1feb.html (1334 words)

	FMO Research Guide:
		Angolans of mestio and white (predominantly Portuguese) descent make up a small minority of the population (Official Angolan government website: http://www.angola.org/referenc/ethnicgrps.html).
		Angolan conditions fulfil most classical indicators of poverty and vulnerability, with a life expectancy at birth of only forty-five years, and 320 out of 1000 children dying before they reach the age of five (Norwegian Refugee Council (NRC), 2001 http://www.db.idpproject.org/Sites/IdpProjectDb/idpSurvey.nsf/wCountries/Angola).
		Angolan society had a large number of traditional organisations and customs that related to important events such as birth, transition to adulthood, marriage and death.
	www.forcedmigration.org /guides/fmo037/fmo037-3.htm (1834 words)

	Armed Conflicts Report - Angola
		Angola’s civil war began as a cold-war conflict between the Marxist MPLA and the US-backed UNITA.
		The Angolan government will likely not negotiate with UNITA until the government is in a better military position than it presently occupies, particularly in light of the campaign it is waging to vilify Savimbi and brand him a war criminal.
		The prolonged civil war is a power struggle between the two rival movements in the pre-1975 war of independence against Portugal.
	www.ploughshares.ca /libraries/ACRText/ACR-Angola.html (4715 words)

	ANGOLA'S LANDMINES
		The Issue In 1994 the two warring sides in the Angolan civil war signed the Lusaka peace accords and subsequently have slowly retreated from their entrenched positions.
		The civil war may have ended, but land mines have replaced soldiers and are blocking the rehabilitation and reconstruction of the country.
		In short, the Angolan landmine situation severely disrupts almost all aspects of the countries environment because landmines are a pollutant to humans, animals and fauna alike.
	www.american.edu /TED/LANDMINE.HTM (3036 words)

	Angola Diamond Mining and War
		The Angolan civil war soon became a continuation of the Cold War in Africa with the MPLA aided by the Soviets and Cuba; and the UNITA, backed by neighboring South Africa and the United States.
		Millions of Angolans faced starvation due to the unavailability of farmland because of land mines and the southern African drought (Dept. of State 4).
		It was the exploitation of Angolan oil in Cabinda that the development of America's economic presence was most spectacularly visible in the early1970s (Laidi 52).
	www.american.edu /projects/mandala/TED/ice/ANGOLA.HTM (2577 words)

	Part II. Confronting Economic Agendas in Civil Wars: Policy Issues and Responses8. Arms, Elites, and Resources in the ...
		This chapter examines the regulation and self-regulation of the private sector during civil wars, with a special focus on the issue of arms as a commodity of war, and through the lens of the current civil war in Angola.
		The existing civil war in Angola and the levels of armaments available to both parties in this war are sufficient proof that neither regulations at national/regional level on arms industries nor self-regulation by the arms industry itself is working.
		Because Angolan rough diamonds are easily recognized, and after the UN Security Council Embargo (Resolutions 1173 and 1176, which prohibit the direct or indirect export of unofficial Angolan diamonds) was passed in 1998, UNITA is not selling the diamonds in their natural state but ensuring a first polish probably undertaken in Israel and/or Ukraine.
	www.idrc.ca /en/ev-124493-201-1-DO_TOPIC.html (4832 words)

	angolan - Definition, Synonyms, and Reference from OnPedia.com
		Angolan - a native or inhabitant of Angola
		Angola, Republic of Angola - a republic in southwestern Africa on the Atlantic Ocean; achieved independence from Portugal in 1975 and was the scene of civil war until 1990
		Angolan - of or relating to or characteristic of Angola or its people; "the Angolan Civil War"
	www.onpedia.com /dictionary/angolan (81 words)

	Angola: Lessons from the Angolan ‘peace process’
		Most Angolans would undoubtedly agree that bringing an end to four decades of internecine warfare was in itself of the utmost importance, and that sentiment should in no way be diminished.
		As ending the war by military means consolidates the power of the victorious party, the democratic process, which depends on dialogue, negotiation, respect for other points of view and eventual compromise, has been sidelined as a preferable means of resolving conflict, not only in the political sphere but also more generally.
		Without doubt, the availability of these resources to the warring sides (oil for the MPLA-government, diamonds for UNITA – especially between 1993 and 1997) enabled them to sustain their respective war efforts, but it does not necessarily mean they were the source or the motive for the conflict.
	www.c-r.org /our-work/accord/angola/introduction.php (1940 words)

	Angolan Cuisine - Recipes Wiki
		Angolan cuisine is varied and tasteful, with local dishes based mainly on fish, cassava products and spicy stews.
		For example, the province of Bengo was the birth place for one of the most popular Angolan dishes, Kakusso while in the province of Cabinda, separated from the rest of Angola, the Congo influences affected the traditional cuisine.
		One of the best known Angolan desserts, cocada amarela shows the extent to which the Angolan chefs have taken the art of cooking in their quest for a flavour that combines the traditional African ingredients with the European taste.
	www.cookbookwiki.com /Angolan_Cuisine (1383 words)

	[No title]
		On November 11, 1975, with the conquest of Luanda, capital city of Angola, by MPLA troops, the formal indipendence was signed, in 1976 the Angolan Republic was recognized by the UN, in 1979 Edoardo DOS SANTOS, leader of the MPLA, became president of Angola, and civil war became.
		For 14 years, the Angolan civil war has been a mirror of the international balance between the two major superpowers.
		Since the indipendence, the Angolan civil war has left almost a million of the 10-million population displaced, and thousands killed.
	web.tiscali.it /forgottenwars/angola.htm (611 words)

	allAfrica.com: Namibia: Origins of the Angolan Conflict (Page 1 of 5)
		The international media coverage of the Angolan civil war was severely biased toward Unita and ignored almost all the positive developments by the MPLA government.
		The main focus of this article is the root cause of the Angolan civil conflict, following the signature of the ceasefire agreement between the MPLA and the Portuguese colonial army in 1974.
		Angolans lived a pre-colonial feudal life marked by inter-tribal wars, then observed the advent of Europeans, mainly Portuguese with whom they engaged in anti-colonial wars of resistance.
	allafrica.com /stories/200710050511.html (854 words)

	Annan envoy pushes Angola peace deal -- Ibrahim Gambari
		The veteran diplomat arrived in the Angolan capital 72 hours after the government and UNITA rebels initialled a ceasefire and agreed to resume negotiations over implementation of the 1994 peace plan, known as the Lusaka Protocol.
		"The government recognizes that the pressure is on, from civil society and elsewhere, to move from a war economy to a peace economy.
		With a ceasefire in place and UNITA too weak to resume the war, he said, the government can afford to be generous in the upcoming talks.
	www.un.org /ecosocdev/geninfo/afrec/newrels/gambari1.htm (579 words)

	With Freedom Near in Angola This is No Time to Curtail Unita Assistance
		In Angola, where a civil war has raged for 15 years between the country's Soviet-backed Marxist regime and an American-supp orted resistance movement, peace and freedom are now within sight.
		UNITA drove Soviet military advisors and the Angolan army from the key town of Mavinga in May. Now, with dos Santos on the defensive, UNITA is calling for a cease fire and direct negotiations leading to multi-party elections.
		After all, the civil war there raged for eleven years before Washington began assisting UNITA in 1986; during this time Washington advocated an end to the f i ghting.
	www.heritage.org /Research/Africa/EM276.cfm?renderforprint=1 (978 words)

	The Congo War (1998-Present)
		The roots of this war go back to the 1994 civil war and genocide of the Tutsi ethnic group in Rwanda by the Hutu ethnic group.
		This war ended with the Tutsi in control of Rwanda, but hundreds of thousands of Hutu refugees and most surviving Hutu soldiers had fled to neighboring Congo, where new dictator Laurent Kabila allowed them to conduct cross-border raids into Rwanda.
		Namibia is an ally of the Angolan government and also has had problems with the UNITA rebels in the border area they share with Angola.
	www.historyguy.com /congo_war.htm (700 words)

	The Belmont Club: A reason to believe
		Iyad Allawi, the former Prime Minister of Iraq, is being quoted as describing Iraq in a state of civil war.
		A civil war is a visible event whose indicators includes the insubordination of armed units, mass refugee flows, the rise of rival governments, etc. The test is whether those events are being observed.
		In my view, the shift of meme from the "insurgency" to a "civil war" is a backhanded way of admitting the military defeat of the insurgency without abandoning the characterization of Iraq is an American fiasco.
	fallbackbelmont.blogspot.com /2006/03/reason-to-believe.html (5230 words)

	Global Policy Forum - UN Security Council
		"In spite of a civil war, companies are still falling over each other trying to get a piece of the action in Angola," said Kase Lawal, chairman and chief executive officer of Camac Holdings, a Houston-based energy company with offices in three African cities.
		The Angolan government announced that the site holders for the three main offshore oil concessions, blocks 31, 32, and 33, are BP/Amoco, Exxon, and Elf/Aquitaine.
		CABGOC helped export the country's first cargo of crude in 1968 and produced continuously during the anti-colonial war and the civil war that followed Angola's independence from Portugal in 1975.
	www.globalpolicy.org /security/docs/oil1.htm (546 words)

	MSF Around the World
		The warring parties to the Angolan civil war are turning blind eyes to the obvious, serious, and often acute humanitarian needs of the Angolan people.
		MSF is worried that these cases are not isolated, but the emerging tip of a humanitarian crisis in many Angolan localities which are beyond the tight security perimeters that limit the reach of international humanitarian aid, and sometimes the civilian government itself.
		The parties at war as well as the international community should take whatever steps necessary to negotiate, improve and secure humanitarian access, and to respect the right of populations in need to receive humanitarian support.
	www.msf.org /msfinternational/invoke.cfm?objectid=154A1CD9-D611-42FE-B5454DC489ADD03A&component=toolkit.report&method=full_html (1958 words)

	Nieman Watchdog > Ask This > Is it a civil war, or isnât it?
		In a civil war, the main struggle is over who will govern, with each side rejecting the legitimacy of the other to take control of the government.
		The third criterion holds that the state must be formally involved in the war, which allows for the exclusion of communal conflicts where there are two warring identity groups.
		The fourth tries to capture the intensity of civil war as opposed to other types of violence such as crime, riots, and smaller-scale insurgencies.
	www.niemanwatchdog.org /index.cfm?fuseaction=ask_this.view&askthisid=220 (637 words)

	Reference for South African Border War - Search.com
		In the aftermath of the war, the League of Nations gave South Africa a mandate to administer the territory.
		In late 1966 UNITA joined the fight against the Angolan colonial power of Portugal, who were already in conflict with the MPLA and FNLA.
		Groups such as the End Conscription Campaign and Committee on South African War Resistance actively campaigned against the conflict and were later banned after the then banned ANC called for combatants on the South African side to desert.
	domainhelp.search.com /reference/South_African_Border_War (1325 words)

	Crimes Of War Project > The Book
		Later in the fighting, government war planes bombed the central hospital, perhaps not illegally, as it was a UNITA military position.
		In the Angolan case, both sides were often at fault.
		Such devastation was a hallmark of the Angolan civil war.
	www.crimesofwar.org /thebook/property-wanton.html (521 words)

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