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Topic: Anhydride

Related Topics

Acid anhydride

Phthalic acids

Carboxylic acid

Malic acid

Organic compound

Chromium

Naphthalene

Vanadium

Calcium oxide

Saccharin

Alkali

Dioxin

Agent Orange

Chrome plating

Acanthaceae

	Trimellitic Anhydride
		Trimellitic anhydride is a white and thinly flaked crystalline solid.
		Before a worker is placed in a job with a potential for exposure to trimellitic anhydride, a licensed health care professional should evaluate and document the worker's baseline health status with thorough medical, environmental, and occupational histories, a physical examination, and physiologic and laboratory tests appropriate for the anticipated occupational risks.
		Clothing contaminated with trimellitic anhydride should be removed immediately, and provisions should be made for the safe removal of the chemical from the clothing.
	www.osha.gov /SLTC/healthguidelines/trimelliticanhydride/recognition.html (3286 words)

	Anhydride - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In chemistry, an anhydride is a compound that can be considered as derived from another compound by subtracting the atoms of water.
		Thus sodium oxide is an anhydride of sodium hydroxide, and sulfur trioxide is an anhydride of sulfuric acid.
		Acetic anhydride is useful in the acetylation of salicylic acid, as using acetic acid to do the reaction leaves water behind that can destroy the product, acetylsalicylic acid, or aspirin.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Anhydride (254 words)

	MALEIC ANHYDRIDE - (Organic Method #25) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		anhydride derivative is desorbed with methanol and analyzed by reverse phase HPLC with a UV detector.
		The monoisopropyl ester of maleic acid was previously considered to be formed solely from the reaction of maleic anhydride with isopropanol and hence was the compound considered to exclusively represent the concentration of maleic anhydride.
		Breakthrough of the maleic anhydride from the "A" section to the "B" section of the tube is primarily a function of the flow rate at which the derivative will all form on the "A" section and secondarily a function of the air volume at which migration of the derivative will take place.
	www.osha-slc.gov /dts/sltc/methods/organic/org025/org025.html (2748 words)

	Anhydride
		In chemistry, an anhydride is typically an oxide of a nonmetallic element or an organic radical, capable of forming an acid by uniting with the elements of water.
		The anhydride is so called because it may be formed from an acid by the removal of water.
		Examples of inorganic anhydrides include dinitrogen tetroxide, which is the anhydride of nitric acid, and sulfur trioxide, which is the anhydride of sulfuric acid.
	www.teachtime.com /en/wikipedia/a/an/anhydride.html (205 words)

	Manufacturing Maleic Anhydride
		The primary use of maleic anhydride is in the manufacture of polyester and alkyd resins.
		Initially, maleic anhydride was produced by the partial oxidation of benzene using a vanadium oxide catalyst.
		The condensed maleic anhydride must be removed as soon as possible to avoid prolonged contact with the water in the reaction gas.
	www.che.lsu.edu /COURSES/4205/2000/Lee/paper.htm (1240 words)

	Chemical of the Week -- Acetic Acid and Acetic Anhydride
		Acetic anhydride is a clear, colorless, mobile (free-flowing) liquid with a sharp odor similar to that of acetic acid.
		Acetic anhydride melts at —73°C, boils at 139°C, and has a density of 1.080 g/mL at 15°C. It is flammable with a flash point of 54°C. This compound is readily combustible and represents a fire hazard.
		Because acetic anhydride reacts with water, it is sometimes used as a dehydrating agent in reaction mixtures where removal of water is necessary.
	scifun.chem.wisc.edu /chemweek/AceticAcid/AceticAcid.html (926 words)

	Chlorendic acid and anhydride (EHC 185, 1996)
		The potential effects of chlorendic anhydride on organisms in the environment cannot be evaluated without data on the concentrations and fate processes of this compound in environmental compartments.
		The mutagenicity of chlorendic anhydride was evaluated in a dominant lethal assay using four groups of 20 male CD-1 mice exposed orally by gavage at dose levels of 0, 22, 74 or 223 mg/kg in a single exposure (in DMSO vehicle).
		The 48-h LC of chlorendic anhydride for Daphnia magna is 110.7 mg/litre; the 48-h NOEL is 56 mg/litre (Vilkas & Hutchinson, 1977).
	www.inchem.org /documents/ehc/ehc/ehc185.htm (15701 words)

	ImmunoCAP InVitroSight - Phthalic anhydride (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		But it is known that acid anhydride ligands are unique in that they form imide linkages with amino groups and also form neoantigens on autologous proteins (3).
		Acid anhydride ligands are unique in that they form imide linkages with amino groups and also form neoantigens on autologous proteins (3).
		In addition to allergic reactions, acid anhydrides are potent irritants (including to the skin), a property that could enhance epithelial penetration of chemicals and subsequent local sensitisation (11).
	www.immunocapinvitrosight.com /templates/Allergens.asp?id=2192 (1076 words)

	Impact resistant polymeric compositions containing polyamides, maleic anhydride adducts of hydrogenated polymers and ...
		The composition of claim 1 wherein said maleic anhydride adduct is a maleic anhydride adduct of a hydrogenated random copolymer of butadiene and styrene.
		The composition of claim 1 wherein said maleic anhydride adduct is a maleic anhydride adduct of a hydrogenated multiblock copolymer of butadiene and styrene.
		However, the patent does not disclose or suggest compositions containing maleic anhydride adducts of hydrogenated polymers of conjugated dienes or hydrogenated copolymers of conjugated dienes and vinyl aromatic hydrocarbons and graft copolymers of polyamides with maleic anhydride adducts of such hydrogenated polymers or copolymers as is the case in the compositions of the present invention.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /4427828.html (5787 words)

	Acetic Anhydride
		Acetic anhydride is a colorless liquid with a strong, pungent odor.
		Containers of acetic anhydride may explode in the heat of the fire and should be moved from the fire area if it is possible to do so safely.
		Before a worker is placed in a job with a potential for exposure to acetic anhydride, the examining physician should evaluate and document the worker's baseline health status with thorough medical, environmental, and occupational histories, a physical examination, and physiologic and laboratory tests appropriate for the anticipated occupational risks.
	www.osha.gov /SLTC/healthguidelines/aceticanhydride/recognition.html (4076 words)

	MOTW: Acetic Anhydride
		One of the simplest anhydrides is shown in Figures 1 and 2, and is called acetic anhydride, after the parent acid, acetic acid.
		Industrially, acetic anhydride is produced on a large scale by heating of acetic acid to high temperatures (800 to 1000 degrees Celsius).
		Since carboxylic anhydrides are hydrolyzed readily they can eliminate residual water in situations (such as a number of delicate chemical reactions) where dryness is important.
	www.nitrogenorder.org /molweek/jun2004/27jun04.shtml (814 words)

	NTP: Abstract for TR-373 - Succinic Anhydride
		Succinic anhydride, a food additive, is also used in the manufacture of polymeric materials, pharmaceuticals, and agricultural and industrial chemicals.
		In the 13-week studies in rats, doses of succinic anhydride ranged from 25 to 400 mg/kg for males and from 12.5 to 200 mg/kg for females.
		Succinic anhydride was administered as a suspension in corn oil by gavage, 5 days per week for 103 weeks.
	ntp-server.niehs.nih.gov /ntpweb/index.cfm?objectid=0708EB6A-BD7E-55B9-AE9D549DC6A4AA3B (854 words)

	Maleic Anhydride Products and Services (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Maleic anhydride dust and vapor causes irritation of the respiratory tract.
		Maleic anhydride is a severe irritant and sensitizer of the skin.
		Dry skin contact with maleic anhydride dust may result in a delayed burning sensation, but on moist skin the sensation is almost immediate, producing redness which may lead to blistering.
	www.bayerus.com /icd/products/maleic/msds.html (1234 words)

	The MSDS HyperGlossary: Anhydride
		An anhydride is a water reactive compound that gives an acid or a base when combined with water.
		The reaction of anhydrides with water is often very violent and exothermic (giving off a great deal of heat energy).
		Tread anhydrides with great respect, keeping them away from water and recognizing that they can be as dangerous or corrosive as their corresponding acid.
	www.ilpi.com /msds/ref/anhydride.html (387 words)

	Production of radiation curable partial esters of anhydride-containing copolymers - Patent 4722947
		In forming the partial esters of the invention, about 0.1 to 49.9%, preferably about 30 to 45%, of the number of potential carboxyl groups present as acid anhydride groups in the anhydride-containing copolymer reactant are reacted with the hydroxyalkyl acrylyl compound, or admixture thereof with an aliphatic or an aralkyl alcohol.
		Especially preferred reactants for preparation of the aforementioned free-anhydride containing copolymers used in the invention are styrene/maleic anhydride copolymers having a mole ratio of styrene to maleic anhydride of about 1:1 to 4:1, preferably 1:1 to 2:1.
		any carboxyl groups present as a result of hydrolysis of original anhydride groups present in the copolymer, may be reconstituted to the anhydride state, in conventional manner by removing the water from the copolymer by azeotroping the copolymer with any convenient solvent that readily dissolves the resin.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /4722947.html (5321 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		For example, acetic anhydride, the most common anhydride, may be prepared from acetic acid by the steps of (1) cracking or pyrolyzing acetic acid to produce ketene and (2) reacting the ketene with acetic acid to produce acetic anhydride.
		The reactive distillation column is operated at temperatures between the boiling points of the two symmetric anhydrides being produced at the pressure at which the column is operated.
		Examples of such mixed anhydrides include those having the general formula RC wherein R is an alkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkyl, or aryl, including both carbocyclic and heterocyclic aryl, of up to 6 carbon atoms.
	www.wipo.int /cgi-pct/guest/getbykey5?KEY=01/17939.010315&ELEMENT_SET=DECL (4012 words)

	Phthalic anhydride - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Phthalic anhydride is the anhydride of phthalic acid.
		Phthalic anhydride is obtained either by catalytic oxidation of ortho-xylene with O
		Phthalic anhydride is widely used in industry in the production of dyes (rhodamine, anthraquinone derivatives), insecticides, plasticizers, in pharmacy, in analytic chemistry, etc.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Phthalic_anhydride (132 words)

	About Maleic Anhydride (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Maleic anhydride is a highly reactive chemical intermediate, complete with a world of benefits as well as current and potential uses in practically every field of industrial chemistry.
		An acid anhydride group, a reactive double bond and the easy conversion of many of its derivatives into isomeric derivatives of fumaric acid, make maleic anhydride a multi-faceted resin-former and organic reactant for a variety of chemical transformations.
		Additional information is available in the maleic anhydride specification sheet as well as the Material Safety Data Sheet, which should be read and understood by all personnel who work with maleic anhydride.
	www.bayerus.com /icd/about/maleic.html (215 words)

	acid anhydride on Encyclopedia.com
		ACID ANHYDRIDE [acid anhydride], chemical compound that reacts with water to form an acid (see acids and bases).
		Melt Grafting of Maleic Anhydride Onto Elastomeric Ethylene-Octene Copolymer by Reactive Extrusion.
		Hemorrhagic rhinitis: an immunologic disease due to hexahydrophthalic anhydride.
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/a1/acidanhy.asp (254 words)

	Maleic anhydride [factsheet]
		* Maleic anhydride is a colorless to white solid that forms orthorhombic crystals and decomposes in water.
		Lube oil adhesives synthesized from maleic anhydride are used to prolong oil-change intervals and improve engine efficiency.
		Maleic anhydride is also used to make copolymers, pesticides, and other organic compounds, and in Diels-Alder syntheses.
	www.lakes-environmental.com /toxic/MALEIC_ANHYDRIDE.HTML (973 words)

	acid anhydride. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Anhydrides of inorganic acids are usually oxides of nonmetallic elements.
		Carbon dioxide, CO, is the anhydride of carbonic acid, H
		Anhydrides of organic acids, like the acids themselves, contain the carbonyl group, CO. Organic anhydrides include acetic anhydride or ethanoic anhydride, (CH C[symbol]O) O, and benzoic anhydride, (C
	www.bartleby.com /65/ac/acidanhy.html (153 words)

	an introduction to acid anhydrides
		The smell is because ethanoic anhydride reacts with water vapour in the air (and moisture in your nose) to produce ethanoic acid again.
		Ethanoic anhydride can't be said to dissolve in water because it reacts with it to give ethanoic acid.
		It is much, much easier to think of acid anhydrides as if they were a sort of modified acyl chloride than to try to learn about them from scratch.
	www.chemguide.co.uk /organicprops/anhydrides/background.html (647 words)

	AllRefer.com - anhydride, Compound & Element (Compounds And Elements) - Encyclopedia
		O, from another compound; the anhydride can also react with water to form the original compound.
		An acid anhydride reacts with water to form an acid; e.g., sulfur trioxide, SO, reacts with water to form sulfuric acid, H
		Other important acid anhydrides include maleic anhydride and phthalic anhydride.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/A/anhydrid.html (218 words)

	acid anhydride
		Anhydrides of organic acids, like the acids themselves, contain the carbonyl group, CO. Organic anhydrides include acetic anhydride or ethanoic anhydride, (CH O, and benzoic anhydride, (C
		amide - amide, organic compound formed by reaction of an acid chloride, acid anhydride, or ester with an...
		anhydride - anhydride [Gr.,=without water], chemical compound formed by removing water, H2O, from another...
	www.infoplease.com /ce6/sci/A0802331.html (183 words)

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