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Topic: Animal Learning

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	Animal Learning & Behaviour Seminar Details (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Although animal professional have been the target audience of this seminar, school teachers, corporate managers and motivational speakers series have requested these seminars for their audiences as well.
		Although many animal training techniques exist, all of these techniques involve the use of scientific learning principles that are used to modify animal behavior efficiently and effectively.
		Animal behavior in the wild vs. captivity: The role of predatory behavior, sexual behavior, territoriality, instinct and nature.
	www.animalconcepts.org /seminar_1.htm (1537 words)

	Learning in Psychology
		The proposal that there exist independent explicit and implicit learning systems is based on two further distinctions: (i) learning that takes place with versus without concurrent awareness, and (ii) learning that involves the encoding of instances (or fragments) versus the induction of abstract rules or hypotheses.
		The learning theory of Thorndike represents the original S-R framework of behavioral psychology: Learning is the result of associations forming between stimuli and responses.
		According to Guthrie, all learning was a consequence of association between a particular stimulus and response.
	www.psychology.org /links/Environment_Behavior_Relationships/Learning (1383 words)

	MANY FACES: Chap. 13 Comparative Psychology & Animal Learning (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Once the demonstrators learned to either peck or step on the treadle, one group of observers was allowed to watch a demonstrator peck the treadle, and a second group was allowed to watch a demonstrator step on the treadle.
		Animal learning came to focus on the mechanisms of behavior and invested much of its energy in detailed exploration of a limited number of species and a small number of experimental preparations.
		Behavioral work with animals is also essential for the development and testing of psychopharmacological agents, for understanding how commonly abused drugs affect behavior, and for research on the psychological effects of toxins in the environment and in food.
	teachpsych.lemoyne.edu /teachpsych/faces/script/Ch13.htm (9406 words)

	Learning & Behavior - Psychonomic Society Publications
		Learning and Behavior (formerly Animal Learning and Behavior) publishes experimental and theoretical contributions and critical reviews concerning fundamental processes of learning and behavior in non-human and human animals.
		In his Editorial in the inaugural issue of Animal Learning and Behavior, Amsel stated that he expected the journal would increase communication among investigators with various interests in the study of fundamental aspects of learning and behavior.
		Learning and Behavior publishes experimental and theoretical contributions and critical reviews concerning fundamental processes of learning and behavior in nonhuman and human animals.
	psychonomic.org /ALB (377 words)

	MANY FACES: Chap. 13 Comparative Psychology & Animal Learning (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		He believed that every known species of animal possessed intellect, and he argued that the actions of primitive species, in parallel with the homologues of biological structures, had their counterparts in the intelligent behaviors of more complex species, most notably in humans.
		Social learning that occurs because of increased attention to particular stimuli is called 'local enhancement.' Local enhancement was defined by Thorpe (1956) as 'an apparent imitation that resulted in one animal directing another animal's attention to a particular object or to a particular part of the environment' (p.
		It will continue to be important for investigators in comparative psychology and animal learning to be sensitive to how their laboratory paradigms are related to the ecology of their species.
	teachpsych.lemoyne.edu /teachpsych/faces/text/Ch13.htm (9417 words)

	Animal-Assisted Learning (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		His results indicated that the presence of the animal leads to the interpretation of social scenes as less threatening and improves the perceived character of the people associated with them.
		Teachers cited sensitivity to animals, understanding animal needs, ability to relate to an unfamiliar instructor and sensitivity to people among the understandings and attitudes accrued during the course.
		Animals bring these concepts alive in a compelling manner that truly maximizes learning by tapping into the natural responses inherent in the child/animal bond.
	www.realsolutions.org /animlear.htm (959 words)

	The Language of Animal Learning Theories
		From this perspective, any learning theory that makes predictions solely in terms of increases or decreases in rates of molar responding is not a theory of learning per se, but rather a model of one aspect of learning.
		Learning, in essence, is the process by which the organism is changed by the demands of the environment.
		Learning is best understood as the processes whereby the behavioral propensities of the organism, espressed in terms of microsequences of basic actions, come to approxiamte that ideal.
	www.unc.edu /~skemp/documents/situate/LangLern/smkLangLern.html (9738 words)

	What students are writing on learning in Animal Sciences 670
		Animal Sciences 670 -Systemic approaches to the management of animal production units- is a course designed to encourage students to take responsibility for their learning.
		Learning about the management of these units and other organizations was very helpful to me. I was able to gain insight about the inner workings of other management processes, such as managing as a whole.
		From what I have learned in class, our goal is to truly be systemic and not systematic, In becoming systemic thinkers, we think of the parts of the system and how they affect each other instead of merely looking at the parts themselves, as we would in systematic thinking.
	extension.osu.edu /~allaire/SCLI/SelfEvaluation670Au98.htm (5118 words)

	Contents of Learning Journals, 1986-present
		Animal Learning and Behavior (ALandB): from 1986 (volume 14) to 2002 (volume 30).
		Animal cognition: A tribute to Donald A. Riley.
		Contemporary learning theories: Instrumental conditioning theory and the impact of biological constraints on learning.
	web.psych.ualberta.ca /~dgrant/psyco485/contents.html (9928 words)

	Latent learning (from animal behaviour) -- Encyclopædia Britannica (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Animals finding themselves in unfamiliar environments or among unfamiliar objects, but in familiar surroundings, show exploratory behaviour.
		There are other definitions of learning because there are many theories about how humans and other animals learn.
		Some animals are impelled to travel for similar reasons, and their trips, too, are often annual and linked to the seasons.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article?tocId=48657 (746 words)

	Creation Evidences from Animal Learning Research. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		There are more and more indications that, rather than being plastic and moldable, learning is itself shaped by an underlying structure which is unique to the organism and which determines the prospect of that learning task.
		In avoidance conditioning the rat is prepared to learn to run down an alley for its escape, thus the learning of such a task proceeds rapidly.
		However, if the experiment requires something for which the animal is unprepared, such as running to the side of a shuttle box, the learning may require a long time if it is possible at all.
	www.creationism.org /csshs/v08n4p28.htm (2055 words)

	Journal of General Psychology: Selective Attention in Animal Discrimination Learning (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		The traditional approach to the study of selective attention in animal discrimination learning has been to ask if animals are capable of the central selective processing of stimuli, such that certain aspects of the discriminative stimuli are partially or wholly ignored while their relationships to each other, or other relevant stimuli, are processed.
		Thus, relational learning implies that attention is directed to the dimension along which the stimuli fall, and phenomena that depend on relational learning, such as transposition, implicate attentional processes even when not explicitly stated (see Lawrence, 1949, 1952).
		When animals are trained to respond to a single stimulus and test stimuli are introduced that differ from the training stimulus, generally along a single dimension, the systematic decrement in responding typically found has been called the gradient of stimulus generalization (see Guttman & Kalish, 1956).
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m2405/is_1_127/ai_60138522 (1117 words)

	SparkNotes: Learning and Animal Behavior: Summary
		Information to be learned can come either from other animals or from an animal's personal experience and observations of its environment.
		Learning is associative when it occurs with a connection (association) to a positive or negative stimulus; it is non-associative when such a stimulus is absent.
		More complex forms of learning include latent learning, in which a stimulus becomes familiar in the absence of reward or punishment, imitation, and imprinting, the process by which young animals become familiar with other members of their species.
	www.sparknotes.com /biology/animalbehavior/learning/summary.html (252 words)

	Amazon.ca: Books: Animal Learning and Cognition: A Neural Network Approach (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		It will set the agenda for research in animal learning and conditioning for the next decade." Anthony Dickinson, University of Cambridge "An encyclopedic consideration of associative learning and cognition from the perspective of contemporary mathematical models and their implementation in the brain.
		Learning and cognition evolve within the framework of dynamical equations linked to brain processes and physiologically plausible mechanisms.
		While many other books focus on neural networks unto themselves, this book's primary goal is to develop a suitable explanation of basic animal behaviors, while using biologically constrained neural network models to demonstrate their predictions and to estimate their mechanisms.
	www.amazon.ca /exec/obidos/ASIN/0521456967 (520 words)

	Animal Behavior / Animal Learning (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Research interests are in the general area of animal learning and memory.
		Jackson, R. L., and Minor, T. Effects of signaling inescapable shocks on subsequent escape learning: Implications for theories of learned helplessness.
		Jackson, R. L., Alexander, J. and Maier, S. Learned helplessness, inactivity, and associative deficits: Effects of inescapable shock on response choice escape learning.
	www.uta.edu /psychology/research/animalbehavior.htm (357 words)

	ORIGIN OF LANGUAGE: THE GENERAL PROBLEM (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		That animals of various kinds have these behavioural achievements means that they have the neural patterning required to support the motor programs for the different types of performance.
		Rather similar questions arise in relation to the ability of a variety of animals to respond categorically to different human speech-sounds, and the infant's ability to respond to a range of phonemes wider than the set found in the ambient language.
		Otherwise, it seems that the absence of language in animals is due to lack of the appropriate central connections in their nervous systems, not to other anatomical deficiencies.
	members.aol.com /rmallott2/origin.htm (6456 words)

	Animal Cognition and Learning
		This course is concerned with the experimental analysis of cognition and behavior in animals.
		Most of our discussions will focus on laboratory findings with animals, but viewed from an evolutionary framework concerned with the natural histories of animals.
		In addition to discussing basic experimental results about cognition and intelligence in animals, an important emphasis will be placed on the logic and evidence used to justify any theoretical conclusions.
	www.pigeon.psy.tufts.edu /psych26 (419 words)

	Lafayette Instrument Animal Behavior - Learning & Memory Systems (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Virtually all of the Learning and Memory Station's controls and electronics are contained in the service pack.
		Keep a constant eye on animal behavior or record sessions for later playback.
		The failure of the subject to cross to the dark side on its first exposure to the enclosure greatly puts into question the use of that animal in the data.
	www.lafayetteinstrument.com /animalavoidance.htm (456 words)

	Animal Tracks by Steve, resources for teaching and learning about animal tracks
		The many renditions of animal tracks featured here are all based on notes and tracks collected in the field by Steve Engel and friends.
		His field experience as an environmental educator, biologist, and his extensive travels with Lindblad Expeditions serve to bring depth and a sense of humor to the consulting services, presentations, workshops and staff training sessions offered.
		We are here to support you in your quest to identify and understand the creatures who frequent your 'neighborhood'.
	www.animaltracksbysteve.com (174 words)

	AALASLearningLibrary.Org Home Page
		The AALAS Learning Library will be taken off-line on Friday, August 12 at 12 AM EST for a routine restart so that a security feature can be implemented.
		The AALAS Learning Library is designed to handle the training needs of researchers, technicians, animal facility managers and directors, IACUC members, and other personnel involved with the care and use of laboratory animals.
		Now you can take free courses and see for yourself how the AALAS Learning Library offers you training in lab animal science.
	www.aalaslearninglibrary.org (195 words)

	[No title]
		Kamil, A.C. and Roitblat, H.L. (1985) Foraging theory: Implications for animal learning and cognition.
		Roitblat, H. Representations and processes in animal learning and memory.
		Roitblat, H. (August, 1994) Mechanism and process in animal behavior: Models of animals, animals as models.
	www2.hawaii.edu /~roitblat/vita.html (2560 words)

	Animal Learning Laboratory (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Welcome to the animal learning laboratory Web site.Our research program addresses the origins and underpinnings of anxiety using an animal model of phobic disorder.
		In order to better understand the governing principles of currently available forms of treatment, we study various treatment paradigms in a rat model in an attempt isolate the controlling factors for further study.
		Our hope is that this research will lead to more efficacious and well-understood treatments for the anxiety disorders.
	www.bw.edu /academics/psy/ll/indexprintversion.html (75 words)

	Psychology: Learning: AmoebaWeb (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Social Learning Theory of Albert Bandura: Em Griffin
		Learning I: The Acquisition of Knowledge: J.E.R. Staddon
		Learning II: The Guidance of Action: J.E.R. Staddon
	www.vanguard.edu /faculty/ddegelman/amoebaweb/index.cfm?doc_id=866 (188 words)

	Animal Coloring/Info Pages: Aa-Af - AllAboutNature.com
		The Aberdeen Terrier (also known as the Scotty and Scottish Terrier) is a small, independent-minded dog that was originally bred in Great Britain to hunt foxes and badgers.
		The African elephant is the largest land animal.
		In addition to printing the animals, you can copy a printout (click here for instructions) and paste it into a painting program (like Paint) and color the animal there.
	www.enchantedlearning.com /coloring (324 words)

	Amazon.com: Books: Animal Learning and Cognition : A Neural Network Approach (Problems in the Behavioural Sciences) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Animal Learning and Cognition : A Neural Network Approach (Problems in the Behavioural Sciences) (Paperback)
		Part I presents neural network theories of classical conditioning; Part II describes neural networks of operant conditioning, and animal communication; Part III discusses spatial and cognitive mapping, and finally, Part IV shows how neural network models permit one to simultaneously develop psychological theories and models of the brain.
		The book includes computer software that allows the computer simulation of classical conditioning and the effect of different brain lesions on many classical paradigms.
	www.amazon.com /exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/0521456967?v=glance (854 words)

	Compare Prices and Read Reviews on Pockets of Learning ABC Animal Train at Epinions.com
		Your ZIP is used only to show applicable tax and shipping charges.
		Pockets of Learning ABC Animal Train: Worth Every Penny (and all the Picking Up)
		Wildlife, Horses, Farm Animals, SeaLife, Knights, Dinosaurs Etc.
	www.epinions.com /Pockets_of_Learning_ABC_Animal_Train_Toys (146 words)

	Animal Learning, Language and Cognition (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		In 1975, she established the Jane Goodall Institute for Wildlife Research, Education, and Conservation to promote animal research throughout the world.
		Ai is learning linguistic skills and knows how to write the alphabets.
		Sheldrake is author of Dogs That Know When Their Owners Are Coming Home, and has written and conducted research extensively on other unexplained powers of animals.
	www.psyking.net /id31.htm (927 words)

	Animal Learning Videos (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		These video files are intended to illustrate some traditional and contemporary laboratory preparations and animal behaviors that have been employed in animal learning and cognition research.
		The behaviors are meant to represent what I believe are typical behaviors seen using the techniques described.
		Headjerking and rearing CRs by a rat to auditory and visual CSs
	go.owu.edu /~deswartz/introduction.html (297 words)

	CISAB \| Tri-State Animal Learning Conference
		Sponsored by the Center for the Integrative Study of Animal Behavior
		Conditioned Inhibition in Hermissenda: Learning that Light Signals the Absence of Rotation
		Associative Learning in Fetal and Newborn Rats: Learning to Suckle
	www.indiana.edu /~animal/events/tri-state97.html (426 words)

	Find in a Library: Animal learning & behavior
		Find in a Library: Animal learning & behavior
		To find a library, type in a postal code, state, province, or country.
		WorldCat is provided by OCLC Online Computer Library Center, Inc. on behalf of its member libraries.
	worldcatlibraries.org /wcpa/ow/ff8707ba3873dc96a19afeb4da09e526.html (37 words)

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