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| | The Animal Episode |
 | | ANIMAL would indeed copy itself into every directory on a system, but it was small, and when updating itself overwrote the old copy, so it would not clog the disc with multiple copies. |
 | | More than 20 years after ANIMAL was born and briefly thrived, it's hard to imagine that the first computer virus was viewed, in those days, not as a security threat but entirely with amusement. |
 | | I had hoped that ANIMAL would, in some small way, get people thinking about operating systems in which security was based on a formal model, as opposed to the chewing-gum and baling wire ad hoc, "find a hole and plug it" approach of the vast majority of systems, then and now. |
| www.fourmilab.ch /documents/univac/animal.html (2593 words) |
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