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Topic: Anisomycin

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	Fear memories require protein synthesis in the amygdala for reconsolidation after retrieval: Nature
		This effect of anisomycin requires that the memory be actively retrieved, as omission of the CS before anisomycin infusion in test 1 led to normal conditioned fear responses in test 2 (Fig.
		The fact that anisomycin infusions after reactivation of the fear memory produced amnesia for the original learning indicates that reactivation of a consolidation fear memory may place it in a labile state, one that has to be reconsolidated by protein synthesis to remain usable to the organism in future situations.
		Anisomycin (Sigma) was dissolved in equimolar HCl, diluted with ACSF and adjusted to pH 7.4 with NaOH.
	www.nature.com /nature/journal/v406/n6797/full/406722a0.html (3731 words)

	Anisomycin - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Anisomycin, also known as Flagecidin (IUPAC name: 3,4-Pyrrolidinediol, 2-[(4-methoxyphenyl)methyl]-, 3-acetate, (2R,3S,4S)-) is an antibiotic produced by Streptomyces griseolus which inhibits protein synthesis.
		Anisomycin interferes with protein and DNA synthesis by inhibiting peptidyl transferase or the 80S ribosome system.
		Anisomycin is also mentioned as a potential psychiatric drug, as it may erase "short-range memory"
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Anisomycin (160 words)

	Anisomycin, Streptomyces griseolus by A.G. Scientific, Biochemical Manufacturer
		Anisomycin is also anti-fungal used in Martin-Lewis Medium to inhibit C. albicans and aid in identification of N. gonorrhoeae.
		Anisomycin Selectively Desensitizes Signaling Components Involved in Stress Kinase Activation and fos and jun induction., Molecular and Cellular Biology., 1998., 18(4):, 1844-1854., 3.
		Anisomycin and Rapamycin Define an Area Upstream of p70/85S6K Containing a Bifurication to Histone H3-HMG-Like Protein Phosphorylation and c-fos-c-jun Induction., Molecular and Cellular Biology., 1994., 14(2):, 1066-1074..
	www.agscientific.com /Item/A1049.htm (195 words)

	Anisomycin fact sheet
		anisomycin is an inhibitor of brain protein synthesis shown to have an effect on spatial memory.
		Anisomycin activates JNK and sensitises DU 145 prostate carcinoma cells to Fas mediated apoptosis.
		Anisomycin treatment paradigm affects duration of long-term potentiation in slices of the amygdala.
	anisomycin.4mg.com (206 words)

	Anisomycin,current batch 99% pure, from Fermentek
		Anisomycin is also mentioned as a potential psychiatric drug.
		Anisomycin from Fermentek is not produced from or contains any ingredients from animal origin.
		Antagonism of estrogenic effects on feeding behavior by central implants of anisomycin.
	www.fermentek.co.il /anisomycin.htm (113 words)

	BioMed Central \| Full text \| Inhibition of prefrontal protein synthesis following recall does not disrupt memory for ...
		The amount of anisomycin used in this study has previously been shown to inhibit >90% of protein synthesis, and is sufficient to impair consolidation [20,21] Additionally, infusion of this dose into the hippocampus was sufficient to observe reconsolidation of contextual [19], and trace fear conditioning [18].
		Anisomycin (Sigma, St. Louis, MO) was dissolved in 1 N hydrochloric acid, neutralized with NaOH, and then diluted in artificial cerebrospinal fluid (ACSF), pH 7.4.
		Anisomycin was bilaterally infused into the mPFC (250 μg/2 μl per side for reconsolidation; 160 μg/side for consolidation), at a rate of 0.25 μl per minute.
	www.biomedcentral.com /1471-2202/7/67 (4163 words)

	Critical role of p42/44MAPK activation in anisomycin and hepatocyte growth factor-induced LDL receptor expression: ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Critical role of p42/44MAPK activation in anisomycin and hepatocyte growth factor-induced LDL receptor expression: activation of Raf-1/MEK-1/p42/44MAPK cascade alone is sufficient to induce LDL receptor expression -- Dhawan et al.
		Cells pretreated for 30 min with the indicated concentrations of inhibitor were either untreated or treated with anisomycin (50 ng/ml) for 4 h in medium containing 0.5% serum.
		cytokines (23), HGF, and anisomycin (this paper)-induced LDL
	www.jlr.org /cgi/content/full/40/10/1911 (4941 words)

	Chemical Biology: Uncaging an antibiotic - Cell Signaling Update - Signaling Gateway
		Regulation of protein synthesis is important in many biological processes, but it is difficult to study because of a lack of methodologies to interfere selectively with protein synthesis with temporal and spatial precision.
		To address this problem, a team of researchers led by Timothy Dore at the University of Georgia and Erin Schuman at the California Institute of Technology used a caged version of the antibiotic anisomycin, an inhibitor of protein synthesis that blocks the peptide bond–forming reaction in eukaryotic ribosomes.
		In cells expressing a green fluorescent protein reporter, the maximum decrease in fluorescence was within 100 µm of the center of the uncaging spot, whereas cells outside of the uncaging spot had constant fluorescence or a slight increase as more reporter was synthesized over the course of the experiment.
	www.signaling-gateway.org /update/updates/200508/nmeth0805-568b.html (389 words)

	p38 MAPK Activation Elevates Serotonin Transport Activity via a Trafficking-independent, Protein Phosphatase ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		2A inhibitors (fostriecin and calyculin A) to attenuate anisomycin
		anisomycin is also a protein synthesis inhibitor (57).
		Anisomycin, hydrogen peroxide, and UV radiation stimulate p38 MAPK downstream of PKG, leading to activation of surface SERTs, sustained by an okadaic acid-, calyculin A-, and fostriecin-sensitive phosphatase (PP2A).
	www.jbc.org /cgi/content/full/280/16/15649 (6396 words)

	Behavioral impairments caused by injections of the protein synthesis inhibitor anisomycin after contextual retrieval ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Anisomycin (Sigma) was diluted in saline and dissolved
		The Acquisition Impairment Caused by Anisomycin Is Long-Lasting.
		The impairment caused by repeated injections of 50 mg/kg anisomycin
	www.pnas.org /cgi/content/full/101/13/4667 (4762 words)

	Memories are harder to forget than currently thought
		Previous studies in rodents had shown that the process of encoding a memory could be blocked by the use of a protein synthesis inhibitor called anisomycin.
		Experiments with anisomycin helped lead to the acceptance of a theory in which a learned behavior is consolidated into a stored form and that then enters a 'labile' — or adaptable — state when it is recalled.
		Indeed, experiments showed that anisomycin could make a mouse forget a memory if it were given anisomycin directly after remembering an event.
	www.eurekalert.org /pub_releases/2004-03/uop-mah031504.php (560 words)

	Two Time Windows of Anisomycin-Induced Amnesia for Inhibitory Avoidance Training in Rats: Protection from Amnesia by ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		and infusions of anisomycin on recall of the inhibitory
		Anisomycin was dissolved in a minimal volume of 3
		Effects of anisomycin on retention of the passive-avoidance habit as a function of age.
	www.learnmem.org /cgi/content/full/6/6/600 (3613 words)

	Activation of p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Attenuates Leishmania donovani Infection in Macrophages -- Junghae ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Infected macrophages were then treated with anisomycin (0.1 µg/ml) for 1 h, fixed, and stained, and the macrophages infected were determined microscopically.
		anisomycin to induce parasite inhibition remains to be identified.
		Anisomycin uses multiple mechanisms to stimulate mitogen-activated protein kinases and gene expression and to inhibit neuronal differentiation in PC12.
	iai.asm.org /cgi/content/full/70/9/5026 (4660 words)

	Protein Synthesis Inhibition Blocks the Late-Phase LTP of C-Fiber Evoked Field Potentials in Rat Spinal Dorsal Horn -- ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Anisomycin selectively inhibits the late-phase of LTP of C-fiber evoked field potentials but affects neither the induction of the spinal LTP nor baseline response of C-fiber evoked field potentials.
		A: anisomycin (ANI, 12 µg/µl) was applied on the surface of the spinal cord (downward arrow) and tetanic stimulation (100 Hz, 30-40 V, 0.5 ms) to the sciatic nerve was delivered 30 min later.
		Krug M, Lossner B, and Ott T. Anisomycin blocks the late phase of long-term potentiation in the dentate gyrus of freely moving rats.
	jn.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/89/5/2354 (3982 words)

	Shiga Toxins Stimulate Secretion of Interleukin-8 from Intestinal Epithelial Cells -- Thorpe et al. 67 (11): 5985 -- ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Anisomycin at 5 and 10 ng/ml had a minimal effect on protein synthesis inhibition (Fig.
		For each dose of Stx1 or anisomycin, IL-8 (mean amounts from three to six wells with SD) measured in cell culture supernatants is shown after 18 h of exposure in the presence or absence of SB202190.
		Shown is a Northern blot of total cellular RNA extracted from Hct-8 cells exposed to Stx1 (1 µg/ml), heat-inactivated Stx1 (1 µg/ml), Stx2 (1 µg/ml), or anisomycin (500 ng/ml) in the presence and absence of SB202190 or SB202190 diluent.
	iai.asm.org /cgi/content/full/67/11/5985 (6446 words)

	CiteULike: Memory Reconsolidation: Sensitivity of Spatial Memory to Inhibition of Protein Synthesis in Dorsal ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Control studies confirmed that intrahippocampal infusions of anisomycin inhibited protein synthesis locally and that the spatial training protocols we used are subject to overnight protein synthesis-dependent consolidation.
		We then compared the impact of anisomycin in two conditions: when memory retrieval occurred in a reference memory task after performance had reached asymptote over several days; and after a comparable extent of training of a delayed matching-to-place task in which new memory encoding was required each day.
		Sensitivity to intrahippocampal anisomycin was observed only in the protocol involving new memory encoding at the time of retrieval.
	www.citeulike.org /user/thomas_wills/article/623878 (374 words)

	Ischemic preconditioning depends on interaction between mitochondrial KATP channels and actin cytoskeleton -- Baines et ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Anisomycin was obtained from Sigma (St. Louis, MO).
		Effect of anisomycin on percentage of isolated rabbit myocytes unable to exclude trypan blue in hypotonic medium during ischemia.
		Previous studies have strongly implicated a role for p38 MAP kinase in ischemic preconditioning in the rabbit (41, 43).
	ajpheart.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/276/4/H1361 (5067 words)

	Sensitization of Tumor Cells to Ribotoxic Stress-induced Apoptotic Cell Death: A New Therapeutic Strategy -- ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Anisomycin exposure time was 150 min in all cultures.
		Survival is shown for anisomycin applications at t = 0 h (together with flavopiridol) t = 1 h and t = 3 h.
		A, anisomycin was added to individual cultures as indicated at t = 90 min, t = 180 min, or t = 275 min.
	clincancerres.aacrjournals.org /cgi/content/full/5/10/2714 (6902 words)

	Activation of p38 MAP kinase enhances sensitivity of muscle glucose transport to insulin -- Geiger et al. 288 (4): E782 ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Muscles were exposed to anisomycin for 30 min to activate p38.
		Muscles were incubated with or without 10 µg/ml anisomycin for 30 min, followed by 3-h recovery in the absence of anisomycin.
		Anisomycin is a potent and well-characterized activator of p38
	ajpendo.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/288/4/E782 (3784 words)

	Memory: If Not How We Thought, How DOES It Work? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The antibiotic anisomycin has been shown useful in studying memory because if given soon after a memory had first been established, it will wipe out later recall.
		Anisomycin did not interfere with any memories which had NOT been previously recalled before the anisomycin.
		They also verified that anisomycin given elsewhere in their rats' brains had no effect on recall of their test memory.
	pweb.jps.net /~cryocoo/periastron/nov2002/memnothow.htm (1671 words)

	Different Requirements for Protein Synthesis in Acquisition and Extinction of Spatial Preferences and Context-Evoked ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Anisomycin (Sigma, St. Louis, MO) was diluted in saline and dissolved in 1N HCl.
		The paths from each probe trial were chosen on the basis of the criteria described in the legend to Figure 1.
		Meiri N, Rosenblum K (1998) Lateral ventricle injection of the protein synthesis inhibitor anisomycin impairs long-term memory in a spatial memory task.
	www.jneurosci.org /cgi/content/full/21/15/5773 (6403 words)

	p38 Triggers Late Preconditioning Elicited by Anisomycin in Heart: Involvement of NF-{kappa}B and iNOS -- Zhao et al. ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Time course of p38 phosphorylation by anisomycin: after treatment with anisomycin, myocardial samples were obtained at 0, 10, 15, and 30 minutes later as described under experimental protocol "p38 Phosphorylation." A, Western blots of tissue extracts with an antibody against phospho p38.
		The binding activity assay was performed in the absence or presence of increasing 50- and 100-fold molar excess of unlabeled probe.
		Critical role of p42/44 MAPK activation in anisomycin and hepatocyte growth factor-induced LDL receptor expression: activation of Raf-1/MEK-1/p42/44 MAPK cascade alone is sufficient to induce LDL receptor expression.
	circres.ahajournals.org /cgi/content/full/89/10/915 (4693 words)

	Memory Consolidation of Auditory Pavlovian Fear Conditioning Requires Protein Synthesis and Protein Kinase A in the ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The highest dose of anisomycin was chosen based on a previous study showing >90% suppression of protein synthesis in cortex
		In each figure, ACSF is represented by fl squares, anisomycin by gray triangles, and Rp-cAMPS by white triangles.
		Rats injected with anisomycin both immediately after training and 4 hr before LTM testing (n = 6) are represented by gray squares.
	www.jneurosci.org /cgi/content/full/20/18/RC96 (3955 words)

	Interactive Fly, Drosophila
		It is concluded that egr-1 induction by anisomycin is mediated by p38/SAPK2 and probably by MSK1.
		The nucleosomal response elicited by TPA is ERK-dependent, whereas that elicited by anisomycin is p38 MAPK-dependent.
		In contrast, the acute activation of p70 S6 kinase in C2C12 myoblasts induced by phorbol esters is unaffected by SB 203580 and the acute activation of MAPKAP kinase-2 induced by anisomycin is unaffected by rapamycin.
	www.sdbonline.org /fly/newgene/p38b-2b.htm (3816 words)

	The c-Jun N-Terminal Kinase Cascade Plays a Role in Stress-Induced Apoptosis in Jurkat Cells by Up-Regulating Fas ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		A, Prolonged JNK activation by UV, gamma irradiation, anisomycin, and anti-Fas mAb.
		of UV, 3300 rad of gamma irradiation, or 1 µg/ml of anisomycin in the presence of 30 mM of Z-VAD.
		of UV, 3300 rad of gamma irradiation, or 1 µg/ml of anisomycin in the presence or absence of 25 µM of Fas-Fc protein.
	www.jimmunol.org /cgi/content/full/160/1/134 (6956 words)

	Cycloheximide increases glucocorticoid-stimulated alpha -ENaC mRNA in collecting duct cells by p38 MAPK-dependent ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		anisomycin is a potent activator of JNK and p38.
		Anisomycin (Aniso) and chx-activated p38 (pp38) were compared with vehicle-treated (ctrl) lane.
		Evidence of two mechanisms for the activation of the glucose transporter GLUT1 by anisomycin: p38(MAP kinase) activation and protein synthesis inhibition in mammalian cells.
	ajprenal.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/284/4/F778 (5798 words)

	Regulation of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF/CCN2) gene transcription and mRNA stability in smooth muscle cells: ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Effects of S1P, anisomycin and FBS on actin stress fibers in SMCs and their modulation by toxin B and latrunculin B. Cells were first stimulated with either S1P, anisomycin or FBS for 30 min and then fixed, permeabilized and stained for F-actin with rhodamine-conjugated phalloidin.
		G- to F-actin ratio was determined upon stimulation of the cells with either S1P, anisomycin or fetal serum for 30 min.
		anisomycin or FBS in the absence and in the presence of RhoA
	content.febsjournal.org /cgi/content/full/271/22/4436 (8246 words)

	c-Jun N-Terminal Kinase Phosphorylates Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-{gamma}1 and Negatively Regulates Its ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		1 (lanes 2–8), serum starved for 8 h, and treated with 0.1 µg/ml TPA (lanes 3 and 4), 2 ng/ml anisomycin (An; lanes 5 and6), or 1000 J UV irradiation (lanes 7 and 8) for 30 min.
		The slight reduction of phosphorylation caused by PD98059 in anisomycin- and UV-treated cells was not statistically significant.
		Ala) complementary DNA was transfected onto 293T cells and treated with TPA or anisomycin (An) in the presence or absence of MEK inhibitor PD98059 (PD) for 30 min.
	endo.endojournals.org /cgi/content/full/140/1/392 (4401 words)

	Inhibition of Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Activity and Induction of Apoptosis by Preussin in Human Tumor Cells -- Achenbach ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		For metabolic labeling, the cells were incubated with different concentrations of preussin or anisomycin for 18 h.
		As preussin is structurally related to the translational inhibitor anisomycin, we investigated whether its growth-inhibitory
		Stereoselective synthesis and biological evaluation of anisomycin and 2-substituted analogues.
	aac.asm.org /cgi/content/full/44/10/2794 (4550 words)

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