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Topic: Annexation Manifesto (1849)

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	Montreal Annexation Manifesto - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Montreal Annexation Manifesto was a political document, published in 1849 in Montreal, Quebec, calling for Canada's annexation by the United States.
		The Manifesto was published by the Annexation Association, an alliance of Montreal businessmen, who were opposed to Britain's abolition of duties on Canadian lumber, wheat and flour and by its consent to the Rebellion Losses Bill, and French Canadian radical nationalists (including Louis-Joseph Papineau) who supported the republican system of government in the United States.
		The Manifesto was strongly opposed by members of the British American League and by leading politicians such as Robert Baldwin plus the followers of Louis-Hippolyte Lafontaine.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Montreal_Annexation_Manifesto (2313 words)

	1849
		1849 in science The year 1849 CE in technology included many events, some of which are listed here.
		Annexation Manifesto (1849) The Annexation Manifesto was published by a supporter of the annexation to the Canada East.
		Ottoman reform efforts between 1789 and 1849 The late eighteenth century saw the Egypt were independent in all but name...
	www.brainyencyclopedia.com /topics/1849.html (233 words)

	Timeline of Quebec history (1841 to 1866) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		1849 - The first responsible government was instituted, under the Liberal coalition of Robert Baldwin from Canada West and Louis-Hippolyte Lafontaine of Canada East.
		1849 - On April 25, The Parliament of Canada passes the Rebellion Losses Bill to compensate people who suffered property damage during the Rebellions of 1837 in Lower Canada.
		1849 - On October 11, an Annexation Manifesto, supported by both English speaking and French speaking Canadians, calling for the Province of Canada to join the United States is published in the Montreal Gazette.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Timeline_of_Quebec_history_(1841_to_1866) (400 words)

	Rebellion Losses Bill biography .ms (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		In February 1849 Louis-Hippolyte Lafontaine, co-leader with Robert Baldwin of Canada's Reform government, introduced a bill in the legislature, then sitting in Montreal, that would compensate those who could prove their losses and had not been convicted of sedition.
		The Tories were also upset at the perceived loss of political power to French-Canadians, who in 1849 were still widely viewed as a conquered people undeserving of such favour.
		Elgin's carriage was pelted with stones and rotten eggs, and by the evening a riot had developed which would last for two days and involve thousands of people.
	montreal-riots.biography.ms (595 words)

	Timeline of Quebec history (1841 to 1866) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		1849 - The first responsible government was instituted, under the Liberal coalition of Robert Baldwin from Canada West and Louis-HippolyteLafontaine of Canada East.
		1849 - On April 25, The Parliament passesthe RebellionLosses Bill to compensate people who suffered property damages during the Rebellions of 1837 in Lower Canada.
		1849 - On October 11, an Annexation Manifesto calling for the Province of Canada to join the United States is published in the MontrealGazette.
	www.therfcc.org /RFCC/timeline-of-quebec-history-1841-to-1866--234586.html (327 words)

	Cornlaws
		In 1846 abolition of the Corn Laws in Great Britain directly affected Canada by (1) removing the preferential duties on wheat, timber, etc., and (2) producing the discontent with imperial relations which culminated in the famous Annexation Manifesto of 1849.
		Tariff preference on colonial produce had existed as early as 1828; but the subject came more prominently into view after 1841, when the government of Sir Robert Peel first revised the list of customs duties in 1842, and then rather abruptly in 1846 adopted free trade.
		Abolition of the Corn Laws, however, taking effect in 1849, but wiping out preferences at once (except that on West Indian sugar), checked exports.
	www2.marianopolis.edu /quebechistory/encyclopedia/Cornlaws.htm (407 words)

	1849, June 26. 2001. The Encyclopedia of World History
		Following the abolition of the Corn Laws in 1846, this action led to an acute economic depression in Canada and to a short-lived agitation for annexation to the United States (Annexation Manifesto, Oct. 10, 1849).
		Four leading English newspapers in Montreal pushed for annexation to the U.S.
		The journalists also advocated annexation as a protest against the Rebellion Losses Bill of 1849, which compensated Lower Canadians for losses in the rebellion of 1837.
	www.bartleby.com /67/1629.html (260 words)

	Annexationist movements of Canada biography .ms (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		It is significant, however, that although the Rebellions of 1837 were motivated in part by this type of dissatisfaction, Canadian resentment of British rule never reached the critical mass that led to the American Revolution in 1776.
		The Montreal Annexation Manifesto was published in 1849 by an alliance of Montreal businessmen and French Canadian nationalists.
		It should be noted that in modern Canadian political discourse, the idea of Canada becoming the "51st state" of the United States is much more often used as a scare tactic against political courses of action that may be seen as too "Americanizing", such as the Canada-U.S. Free Trade Agreement of 1988.
	www.biography.ms /Annexationist_movements_of_Canada.html (519 words)

	MSN Encarta - Sidebar - Montreal Annexation Manifesto
		MSN Encarta - Sidebar - Montreal Annexation Manifesto
		A group of dissatisfied merchants in Montréal, in what was then known as Lower Canada (now Québec), banded together in 1849 and drafted a document calling for the annexation of Canada to the United States.
		An economic crisis and ongoing political conflict were the primary factors that led the dissenters to advocate an “amicable separation of Canada from Great Britain.” Concern that Canada’s limited market would prevent economic growth led them to call for union with the United States.
	encarta.msn.com /sidebar_461511264/Montreal_Annexation_Manifesto.html (150 words)

	Francis Godschall Johnson - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		He was elected a Vice-President of the British American League in 1849, and opposed the Rebellion Losses Bill later in the same year.
		He also signed the Annexation Manifesto, for which he was stripped of his Q.C. (which was not restored until 1853).
		In 1854, Johnson was commissioned by the Hudson's Bay Company to work as a legal administrator in Assiniboia.
	wikipedia.org /wiki/Francis_Godschall_Johnson (461 words)

	Abbott-Biography-First Among Equals
		The manifesto was prompted by an economic recession, and Britain's removal of tariffs preferential to colonial products.
		The threat of annexation on the part of Canadians was used more for the purpose of extracting concessions from Britain than for seriously proposing to merge with the U.S. In this case, the annexation movement had little support beyond the Montreal business community, and waned as the economy recovered.
		As a young entrepreneur, Abbott had supported annexation, along with other prominent figures, all of whom soon regretted their actions.
	www.nlc-bnc.ca /primeministers/h4-3081-e.html (767 words)

	Timeline of Quebec history (1841 to 1866) - free-definition (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		1849 - On April 25, The Parliament passes the Rebellion Losses Bill to compensate people who suffered property damages during the Rebellions of 1837 in Lower Canada.
		The same day, Loyalists burn down the Parliament of Canada in Montreal during a riot.
		1849 - On October 11, an Annexation Manifesto calling for the Province of Canada to join the United States is published in the Montreal Gazette.
	www.free-definition.com /Timeline-of-Quebec-history-(1841-to-1866).html (388 words)

	History of the Quebec nationalist movement
		1849: The Parliament of United Canada is set on fire by a mob of anglophone tories.
		1849: On October 11, an Annexation Manifesto calling for the Province of Canada to join the United States is published in the Montreal Gazette.
		1970: The manifesto of the FLQ is published.
	english.republiquelibre.org /history-of-our-movements.html (2222 words)

	annexation
		(New York, 1929) and C. Allin and G. Jones, Annexation, preferential trade, and reciprocity (
		The text of the Annexation Manifesto of 1849 is to be found in H. Egerton and W. Grant, Canadian constitutional development (London, 1907), and W. Kennedy, Statutes, treaties, and documents of the Canadian constitution (Toronto, 1930).
		Source : W. Stewart WALLACE, "Annexation", in The Encyclopedia of Canada, Vol.
	www2.marianopolis.edu /quebechistory/encyclopedia/annexation.htm (141 words)

	Montreal Annexation Manifesto -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The Manifesto was strongly opposed by members of the British American League and by leading politicians such as (Click link for more info and facts about Robert Baldwin) Robert Baldwin plus the followers of (Click link for more info and facts about Louis-Hippolyte Lafontaine) Louis-Hippolyte Lafontaine.
		After the signing of the (Click link for more info and facts about Canadian-American Reciprocity Treaty) Canadian-American Reciprocity Treaty in 1854, the Annexation movement died out.
		We address you without prejudice or partiality, in the spirit of sincerity and truth-in the interest solely of our common country, and our single aim is its safety and welfare.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/M/Mo/Montreal_Annexation_Manifesto.htm (2200 words)

	Cyclopedia of Factoids - The Letter C
		The 1849 Gold Rush brought tens of thousands of gold diggers from the USA to Canada.
		An Annexation Association was founded to promote unification with the prospering southern neighbor.
		The two versions of an Annexation Manifesto were signed by the entire business community in Montreal and Quebec and by the nationalists, who, contrary to their name, were republicans who preferred the USA to the British crown.
	www.buzzle.com /editorials/9-4-2004-58909.asp?viewPage=3 (512 words)

	A (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		In 1862, the British Secretary for War accused him of charging excessive fares, and causing the death of many immigrants.
		The was a Canadian proposal which argued that annexation to the United States was better than the proposed union of the colonies.
		Annexation would raise farm prices, lower import costs and make U.S. capital available for industrial development.
	www.edunetconnect.com /cat/candict/a.html (347 words)

	Abbott-Anecdote-First Among Equals
		In 1849, Abbott had signed the annexation manifesto.
		The supporters of the manifesto were more interested in flmailing Britain into trade concessions and economic support than really joining the United States.
		He later confessed that they had "no more serious idea of seeking annexation with the United States than a petulant child who strikes his nurse has of deliberately murdering her."
	www.lac-bac.gc.ca /primeministers/h4-3082-e.html (174 words)

	MHS Transactions: Canadian-American Relations, The Background
		Hence restraint and a surprisingly negative response attended the Annexation Manifesto of the Montreal merchants in 1849.
		The issue was one of controversy between sections and economic interests in the United States, the south resisting what it believed would bring about a change in the political balance of power between free and slave areas, protectionists objecting to foreign competition.
		Fish suggested to the cabinet that the proper action was "to keep our eye fixedly on the movement, and to keep our hands off." [49] Compared to the instructions to Consul Larkin in California in the 1840's to encourage a separatist movement American policy had indeed changed.
	www.mhs.mb.ca /docs/transactions/3/canadianamerican.shtml (6371 words)

	1841_1849
		1849 Jan 23, English-born Elizabeth Blackwell became the first woman in America to receive medical degree, from the Medical Institution of Geneva, N.Y. 1849 Jan, In Placerville, Ca., a mob ran down 3 men who reportedly tried to rob a local gambler.
		1849 Feb 21, In the Second Sikh War, Sir Hugh Gough’s well placed guns won a victory over a Sikh force twice the size of his at Gujerat on the Chenab River, assuring British control of the Punjab for years to come.
		1849 Mar 7, The Austrian Reichstag was dissolved.
	www.shelbyjackman.com /school/timeline/1841_1849.HTML (17970 words)

	METIS CULTURE 1848-1849
		On June 13, 1849 Albert was raised to the priesthood.
		The girls school was discontinued as a result of this scandal and the girls transferred to more respectable families in the settlement.
		Many central Canadians signed the annexation manifesto, calling for commercial union with the United States.
	www3.telus.net /public/dgarneau/metis42.htm (2314 words)

	Geography and Empire (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Annexation in the old bygone sense has vanished out of the picture.
		And in another sense, of a union of friendship that needs neither constitution nor compacts, we have it now and mean to keep it." (p.
		From the Annexation Manifesto of 1849, through the Commercial Union Movement and various suggestions of "reciprocity" - and many less openly unionist suggestions - a powerful thread has run.
	www.ola.bc.ca /online/cf/module-1/geog.html (9451 words)

	Montreal Annexation Manifesto Definition / Montreal Annexation Manifesto Research (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The Montreal Annexation Manifesto was a political document, published in 1849 in Montreal, Quebec, calling for CanadaCanada is the second largest and the northernmost country in the world, occupying most of the North American land mass.
		It was initially constituted through the British North America Act of 1867 and styled The Dominion of Canada....
		Republics are not necessarily democratic — for instance in many republics power has been exercised in a dictatorial manner, or full citizenship has been denied to slaves, women, or persons of specific racial or ethnic origin — and not all democratic constitutions are considered to be republics —; for instance the United Kingdom, alt...
	www.elresearch.com /Montreal_Annexation_Manifesto (261 words)

	Commercial Policy in the Age of Laissez-faire.
		In the crisis of 1849, all of the British North American colonies, except Newfoundland, passed unilateral reciprocity acts in the hope that the United States would respond in kind.
		The South was opposed to protectionism, but, if reciprocity were seen as a preliminary to annexation, and some viewed it that way, then it was a preliminary to upsetting the balance between slave and free states.
		The term `annexation' he considered a misnomer for the reunion of a people unfortunately divided by a civil war.
	www.upei.ca /~rneill/canechist/topic_17.html (5635 words)

	Cuban Rebellion
		From 1849 to 1851, a former Spanish General, Narciso Lopez, led Cuban refugees in America on three expeditions of revolution in their native Cuba.
		Cuba was caught in the middle in the mid-1890’s when the United States reduced sugar imports with the Wilson-Gorman tariff and Spain restricted United States imports to Cuba.
		Proponents of annexation and independence divided Cuba’s population.
	www.spanamwar.com /cubanrev.htm (3580 words)

	publications
		The Montreal Annexation Manifesto of 1849: An Appeal for Liberal Democracy in the Canadas and the Rise of French Canadian Liberalism
		1849 - The Decisive Year for the Slade Family of Poole and their Role in the Newfoundland Trade
		Grits, Rebels and Radicals: Anti-Privilege Politics and the Pre-History of 1849 in Canada West
	www.cst.ed.ac.uk /publications.html (773 words)

	Dictionary of Meaning www.mauspfeil.net
		In an editorial, the New York Herald newspaper responded to the Annexation Movement with the following advice: "The first thing for the people of Canada to do, however, is to obtain England's consent to dispose of themselves as they think proper." The '''Montreal Annexation Manifesto - October 11, 1849:''' To the People of Canada.
		- The Annexation Manifesto Category:Canada and the United States Category:Political manifestos Category:History of Canada
		There you find a list of all editors and the possibility to edit the original text of the article Montreal Annexation Manifesto.
	www.mauspfeil.net /Montreal_Annexation%20Manifesto.html (2153 words)

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