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Topic: Anoplura

Related Topics

Sucking lice

Lice

Head louse

Pubic lice

Phthiraptera

Pediculus humanus

Insecta

Neuroptera

Species

Depilation

Blattodea

Tonberry

Scientific classification

Squadron

Byzantine architecture

	LOUSE - LoveToKnow Article on LOUSE (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Both agree in having nothing that can be termed a metamorphosis; they are active from the time of their exit from the egg to their death, gradually increasing in size, and undergoing several moults or changes of skin.
		The true lice (or Anoplura) are found on the bodies of many Mammalia, and occasion by their presence intolerable irritation.
		Two species of Pediculus are found on the human body, and are known ordinarily as the head-louse (P. capitis) and the body-louse (P. vestimenti); P. capitis is found on the head, especially of children.
	2.1911encyclopedia.org /L/LO/LOUSE.htm (383 words)

	The Louse: An account of the lice which infest man, their medical importance and control by Patrick A. Buxton
		All sucking lice (Anoplura) are obligate parasites, spending their whole life on the skin of a mammal and living exclusively on blood.
		The Anoplura have, so far as is known, no insects which are parasitic upon them and probably very few enemies, except their hosts.
		Those who have studied the Anoplura, or lice, have found that those mammals which are closely related to one another tend to have closely related or identical lice.
	www.jcu.edu.au /school/phtm/PHTM/staff/rsbuxt1.htm (1182 words)

	Faunal Analysis- Hymenoptera
		With the checklists for the Anoplura and their mammal hosts by Durden and Musser (1994a, b), it should be possible to identify all the species which are known to occur in Canada.
		The Anoplura are all obligate blood-sucking parasites of mammals.
		With 12 of perhaps an eventual 14 species recorded in Canada, this is the family of Anoplura with the greatest numbers of species.
	www.biology.ualberta.ca /bsc/english/phthiraptera.htm (2634 words)

	Sucking lice (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Sucking lice (Anoplura) have around 500 species and represent the smaller of the two traditional suborders of lice.
		The Anoplura are all blood-feeding ectoparasites of mammals.
		Pediculus humanus is divided into two subspecies, Pediculus humanus humanus, or the body louse, sometimes nicknamed "the seam squirrel" for its habit of laying of eggs in the seams of clothing, and Pediculus humanus capitis, or the head louse.
	www.free-download-soft.com /info/foreverdown-.html (122 words)

	Taxonomy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		The Sucking Lice are all in the suborder Anoplura (Arthropoda: Insecta: Phthiraptera: Anoplura).
		Lice, typically found on the head and on clothing are in the family Pediculidae (Arthropoda: Insecta: Phthiraptera: Anoplura: Pediculidae) and in the genus Pediculus (Arthropoda: Insecta: Phthiraptera: Anoplura: Pediculidae: Pediculus).
		The generic name always begins with a capital, and is italicized, or underlined, to indicate it is from a foreign language (Greek or Latin).
	www.phthiraptera.org /taxonomy.html (751 words)

	Bioline International Official Site (site up-dated regularly)
		Anoplura - Over 550 species in 49 genera and 15 families are known in the world.
		The family classification was studied by Kim and Ludwig (1978), and Kim (1988) studied the evolutionary parallelism in Anoplura and eutherian mammals.
		For the taxonomy of the world Anoplura, the works of Ferris (1919, 1921, 1951) are still the standard references.
	www.bioline.org.br /request?oc00167 (3617 words)

	Order Phthiraptera (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Though frequently cited with two suborders: Anoplura and Mallophaga that is perhaps the least satisfactory solution.
		Morphological and molecular evidence strongly support the view that the Anoplura and Rhyncophthirina are sister taxa, and that they are closer to Ischnocera than the latter two are to the more primitive Amblycera.
		Fahrenholz, "Zeitschrift für Parasitenkunde" placed Rhyncophthirina in the Anoplura, thus had two suborders Inrostrata for the sucking lice and Rhynchophthirina for the "Elephant Louse".
	www.phthiraptera.org /classification/Order.html (1072 words)

	Flea News 48
		A new species of Anoplura from the Philippines.
		Lice (Mallophaga and Anoplura) from mammals of Oregon.
		Diversity of parasitic insects: Anoplura, Mallophaga and Siphonaptera.
	www.ent.iastate.edu /fleanews/fleanews48.html (3950 words)

	Publications
		Phoretic relationships between sucking lice (Anoplura) and flies (Diptera) associated with humans and livestock.
		A new species of sucking louse (Insecta, Anoplura) from a montane forest rat in Central Sulawesi and a preliminary interpretation of the sucking louse fauna of Sulawesi.
		(Phthiraptera: Anoplura), a new sucking louse from Peromyscus grandis, a montane cloud forest rodent from Guatemala.
	www.bio.georgiasouthern.edu /iap/Durden/Durdenpubs.html (2526 words)

	Phthiraptera
		The order Phthiraptera has been traditionally divided into two groups according to their different feeding habits: the chewing lice or "Mallophaga", and the Anoplura, colloquially known as the sucking lice.
		Anoplura are a much smaller group comprised of some 500 species.
		His study supported the monophyly of the Phthiraptera, with Anoplura and Rhyncophthirina forming a monophletic group, sister group to the Ischnocera; the Amblycera are the sister group of this assemblage.
	tolweb.org /tree?group=Phthiraptera&contgroup=Psocodea (1399 words)

	AllRefer.com - louse (Zoology: Invertebrates) - Encyclopedia
		Lice of both groups are small and flattened with short legs adapted for clinging to the host.
		The sucking lice, of the order Anoplura, are external parasites of humans and other mammals, feeding on blood by means of their piercing-and-sucking mouthparts.
		Lice are classified in the phylum Arthropoda, class Insecta, orders Anoplura and Mallophaga.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/L/louse.html (405 words)

	Bioline International Official Site (site up-dated regularly)
		Anoplura (Phthiraptera) parasitic on Otariidae (Carnivora) are so far represented by two genus of the Family Echinophthiriidae: Antarctophthirus Enderlein, 1906 and Proechinophthirus Ewing, 1923.
		Up to date, no Anoplura of this family of Carnivora were known in Argentina.
		Life stages and population of Proechinopthtirus zumpti (Anoplura: Echinophthiriidae), from the cape fur seal (Arctocephallus pusillus).
	www.bioline.org.br /request?oc02156 (1530 words)

	eMedicine - Pediculosis : Article Excerpt by: Lyn Guenther, MD
		Mammals are the hosts for all Anoplura, and, although lice prefer human hosts, P humanus is also known to live and reproduce on pigs.
		The Anoplura are wingless and have 3 pairs of legs, each ending with a claw-like talus for grasping.
		The size and shape of the claws are adapted to the texture and shape of the hairs and/or clothing fibers they grasp.
	www.emedicine.com /med/byname/pediculosis.htm (657 words)

	SUCKING LICE
		There is a alternative taxonomic nomenclature that places the order Mallophaga which are the biting lice, into a suborder of the Anoplura, with sucking lice being placed in the suborder Siphunculata.
		Differences between the two sexes are relatively easy to distinguish with females having two pairs of gonopods laying laterally on the ventral surface and males have an elongate genitalia along the midline of the lateral surface.
		Lice lay individual eggs directly onto the hairs of their host and as Anoplura is a Hemimetabola group (young resemble adults except for size) the nymphs hatch and exist in the same manner the larger adults do.
	www.roberth.u-net.com /Sucklice.htm (471 words)

	FLEAS
		The rear legs arise from the metathorax and this area is well developed as a consequence of this.
		In contrast to Anoplura fleas are flattened laterally allowing them to travel quickly through host hair.
		Fleas have a less specific range of hosts than Anoplura and Mallophaga which increases the chance of pathogen transmission.
	www.roberth.u-net.com /Fleas.htm (1332 words)

	Insect Orders
		Phthiraptera are divided into the chewing lice (Mallophaga) and sucking lice (Anoplura).
		Anoplura are small, flat, wingless, parasitic insects with mouthparts formed for piercing and sucking.
		The hog louse, Haematopinus suis (Linnaeus) (Phthiraptera; Anoplura: Haematopinidae) is an example.
	entowww.tamu.edu /fieldguide/orders/phthiraptera.html (250 words)

	Louse - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Lice stick their eggs to their host's hair.
		The order has traditionally been divided into two suborders; the sucking lice (Anoplura) and chewing lice (Mallophaga), however, recent classifications suggest that the Mallophaga are paraphyletic and four suborders are now recognised:
		Anoplura: sucking lice, including head and pubic lice (see also Pediculosis or Head lice)
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Lice (291 words)

	A Rough Guide to Lice (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		They are wingless, typically flat bodied insects with short 3-5 segmented antennae, highly modified mouthparts and six relatively short legs modified for clinging to their hosts feathers or fur.
		Specialisations in their diet underpin their major taxonomic divisions and they can be broadly separated into those that feed on skin debris, feathers and fur (chewing lice or "Mallophaga"), and those that have specialised in blood feeding (sucking lice or Anoplura).
		Lice are divided into four suborders, three of which comprise the paraphyletic chewing lice or Mallophaga, the fourth is the sucking lice or Anoplura.
	darwin.zoology.gla.ac.uk /~vsmith/guide.html (755 words)

	Lice \| Insect Ecology & Veterinary Parasitology \| University of Bristol
		The order is divided into four sub-orders: Anoplura, Amblycera, Ischnocera and Rhynchophthirina.
		Mallophaga literally means 'wool eating' and the Amblycera and Ischnocera are known as chewing lice.
		The description 'biting lice', sometimes used to describe the Anoplura, is a misnomer, because all lice bite.
	www.bio.bris.ac.uk /research/insects/lice.html (323 words)

	untitled (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		LICE form a small group of insects known as the Anoplura, interesting to the entomologist because they are now entirely wingless, though it is believed that their ancestry were winged.
		In quite recent books the Anoplura are described as 'lice or disgusting insects, about which little is known'; but lately, owing to researches carried on at Cambridge, we have found out something about their habits.
		Lice are the constant accompaniment of all armies; and in the South African War as soon as a regiment halted they stripped to the skin, turned their clothes inside out, and picked the Anoplura off.
	www.ku.edu /carrie/specoll/medical/lice.htm (4135 words)

	Encyclopedia: Holocaust denial (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Two common claims of Holocaust deniers are easily confused with the legitimate debate of functionalism and intentionalism: Jump to: navigation, search A gas chamber is a means of execution whereby a poisonous gas is introduced into a hermetically sealed chamber.
		Suborders Anoplura (sucking lice) Rhyncophthirina Ischnocera (avian lice) Amblycera (chewing lice) Lice (singular: louse) (order Phthiraptera) are an order of over 3000 species of wingless parasitic insects.
		Jump to: navigation, search World War II was a truly global conflict with many facets: immense human suffering, fierce indoctrinations, and the use of new, extremely devastating weapons such as the atom bomb.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Holocaust-denial (8181 words)

	Bibliography of lice parasitic on humans - Rick Speare
		Girling MA Eighteenth century records of human lice (Pthiraptera, Anoplura) and fleas (Siphonaptera, Pulicidae) in the City of London.
		The effect of temperature upon the hatching of the eggs of Pediculus humanus corporis De Geer (Anoplura).
		Mumcuoglu KY, Zias J. Head lice, Pediculus humanus capitis (Anoplura: Pediculidae) from hair combs excavated in Israel and dated from the first century B.C. to the eighth century A.D. Journal of Medical Entomology 1988;25(6):545-547.
	www.jcu.edu.au /school/phtm/PHTM/hlice/hlrefs.htm (8624 words)

	[No title]
		Members of the Order Anoplura (above left) can be recognized by having a head that is longer than it is wide while the Malophaga (above right) have a head that is wider than it is long.
		All lice are wingless, flattened dorso-ventrally and well adapted to an existence on the body or body-hairs..
		Ivermectin treatment is successful against most species of Anoplura lice.
	www.cvm.okstate.edu /instruction/kocan/vpar5333/533ot4aa.htm (723 words)

	louse -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		plural lice any member of the order Phthiraptera, small, wingless, parasitic insects divisible into two main groups: the Mallophaga, or chewing or biting lice, which are parasites of birds and mammals, and the Anoplura, or sucking lice, parasites of mammals only.
		One of the sucking lice, the human louse, is the carrier of typhus and louse-borne relapsing fever; it thrives in conditions…
		One of the sucking lice, the human louse, is the carrier of typhus and louse-borne relapsing fever; it thrives in...
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9105959?tocId=9105959 (681 words)

	Lice
		The lice which are so commonly found on birds belong to a different group and are structurally quite different from Anoplura.
		Six genera and about forty species of Anoplura are known.
		They are found upon many mammalia, even upon those which live in the water.
	www.insectguide.net /lice.html (346 words)

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