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Topic: Antarctic Minke Whale

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	Minke Whale - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Minke Whale or Lesser Rorqual is a marine mammal belonging to the suborder of baleen whales.
		Whaling was mentioned in Norwegian written sources as early as the year 800 and hunting Minke Whales with harpoons was common in the 11th century.
		Minke Whales were not then regularly hunted by the large-scale whaling operations in the Southern Ocean on account of their relatively small size.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Minke_Whale (883 words)

	Minke Whales - the Dwarf Minke Whale
		The Minke Whale Project is a combined initiative of James Cook University, the Museum of Tropical Queensland and Undersea Explorer.
		The Antarctic and north Pacific minke whales are the object of scientific whaling research by Japan, with about 400 and 100 whales respectively taken from each species each year.
		Minke whales, like all baleen whales, lack the system of air sacs and sound generating 'phonic lips' in the forehead region above the skull, that are found in toothed whales, such as dolphins.
	www.minkewhale.org (797 words)

	Minke whale
		The taxonomy of the minke whale is confusing.
		The minke whale is the smallest of the rorqual whales, seldom exceeding 10 m in length.
		The minke whale is widespread and seasonally abundant in the North Atlantic.
	ourworld.compuserve.com /homepages/jaap/minke.htm (900 words)

	Activities: The Mammal Society
		The minke is the smallest of the baleen (filter-feeding) whales and is found throughout the world's oceans, from the Arctic to the Antarctic.
		The minke whale is unusual in apparently not conforming to this pattern, although they seem to move further away from the shore in the autumn, perhaps for breeding purposes.
		Minke was an 18th-century Norwegian whaler, infamous for regularly breaking the rules concerning the sizes (and therefore species) of whales that he was permitted at that time to hunt.
	www.abdn.ac.uk /mammal/minke.shtml (889 words)

	ACS minke whale Cetacean Fact Sheet - American Cetacean Society
		FEEDING Minke whales feed primarily on krill in the southern hemisphere and on small schooling fish (capelin, cod, herring, pollock) or krill in the northern hemisphere.
		Killer whales are known to prey on minkes, especially in parts of the southern hemisphere.
		Scientists are still examining the populations of minke whales in areas where they are harvested, and have discovered that the largest numbers of minkes are found in the southern hemisphere.
	www.acsonline.org /factpack/MinkeWhale.htm (908 words)

	The Science Show: 16 April 2005 - What's Happening with Whales?
		Their next project will be to survey the antarctic Minke whale population and to continue to check DNA of whale blubber in Japanese markets to keep track of the illegal whale trade, which is not limited to Japan.
		Now minke whales are small baleen whales; they are very fast and because of that they really weren’t hunted until the twilight of the whaling era in the middle 20th Century and populations of this species are thought to be relatively large in Antarctica.
		We were interested in that population’s history because some researchers, particularly in Japan, have thought that that large number of minke whales in the Antarctic is so big it’s competing with the great whales there and preventing their recovery.
	www.abc.net.au /rn/science/ss/stories/s1342806.htm (1472 words)

	Minke Whale, Balaenoptera acutorostrata @ MarineBio.org
		Minke whales have a snout that is distinctively triangular, narrow, and pointed (hence its nicknames "sharp-headed finner" and "little piked whale").
		Minke whales have a characteristic white band on each flipper (this is absent on the southern minke whales).
		Minke whale breeding occurs mostly in the late winter to early spring while near the surface and in warm waters.
	www.marinebio.com /species.asp?id=230 (1562 words)

	For original article and photos go to (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The IWC Scientific Committee in 1990 estimated the population of minke whales at 761,000 in the Antarctic Ocean.
		Bryde's whales and sperm whales have populations of 22,000 and 102,000 respectively.
		The meat is from 440 minke whales killed in the Antarctic during the hunting season that ended in March.
	www.fiu.edu /~biology/ocb2003/reading2.htm (2321 words)

	IWMC.org - IWC 49 Media Release - 20 October 1997
		The report indicates firm scientific support for the relevance and worth of Japan’s research on minke whale numbers, diet, migration patterns, stock identity, health, and pollution loads, as well as specifics on their role in a relatively clean ecosystem.
		In addition, the Report found the Japanese data on minke whale population structure and the age range of reproductive animals "valuable", as were data on whale feeding habits.
		The Report noted that the research is at a halfway point, that its continuation should result in improved understanding of the status of minke whales in the Antarctic, and that final results of Japan’s research program should have the potential to improve the management of minke whales in the southern hemisphere.
	www.iwmc.org /whales/iwc49/971020-media.htm (215 words)

	BBC News \| SCI/TECH \| Minke whale numbers 'declining'
		It said it could not rule out the possibility that the Antarctic minke population had suffered a decline, which could be continuing.
		Minkes are the smallest of the great whales, reaching about 10 metres in maturity.
		Japan plans to catch 540 minkes in Antarctic waters this year, using an IWC rule which allows unlimited catches of any species so long as the whales are killed in the name of scientific research.
	news.bbc.co.uk /1/hi/sci/tech/817238.stm (517 words)

	CRC Reef Research Centre
		The minke whale has many other common names (in English these include little piked whale, lesser rorqual, bay whale, sharpheaded finner; there is an equivalent range of names in other languages).
		Although some people have also suggested that the dwarf minke whale is a distinct species, the evidence indicates it is most closely related to the northern hemisphere minke whales.
		The blue whale grows to over 30 metres and 190 tonnes (said to be equivalent in weight to a town of 2500 people); it is the largest animal known (including the most gigantic dinosaurs).
	www.reef.crc.org.au /discover/plantsanimals/minke/minkewhalescientific.html (420 words)

	New Scientist Breaking News - Genes reveal abundant past of Antarctic whales (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The DNA survey of whale meat purchased in Japanese grocery stores reveals that the species has the most genetically diverse population of any whale, indicating the species historically had a population of between 500,000 and one million individuals.
		Japan claims that the current population of around 761,000 Antarctic minkes (Balaenoptera bonaerensis) is so abnormally abundant that it is hindering the recovery of other large endangered species, such as the blue whale.
		The genetic data also revealed that the Antarctic minke whale population may be the oldest surviving whale population on Earth.
	www.newscientist.com /article.ns?id=dn7038 (538 words)

	The Minke Whale (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The minke whales are the smallest of the baleen whales.
		The minke whales caught in the North East Atlantic are normally between 5 and 8 metres long.
		Minke whale stocks can also be found further west in the North Atlantic, in the North Pacific and around the Antarctic.
	www.highnorth.no /Library/Hunts/Norway/th-mi-w.htm (147 words)

	Japanese fleet leaves to kill 400 whales \| Greenpeace International
		The five Japanese whaling ships left for their annual Antarctic whale hunt on November 8 from the port of Shimonoseki, where last April an IWC (international Whaling Commission) meeting ended in controversy after Japan and allies tried and failed to overturn the commercial whaling moratorium.
		Japanese government proposals to re-open commercial whaling and trade in minke and Bryde's whales were soundly defeated at the UN CITES (Convention on the International Trade in Endangered Species) meeting underway in Santiago, Chile.
		Evidently, scientific curiosity about whales was massively piqued in Japan just after their commercial whaling ended with the 1986 worldwide whaling ban.
	www.greenpeace.org /international/news/japanese-fleet-leaves-to-kill (757 words)

	17. WHALE SANCTUARIES (2000)
		The blue, fin, right and humpback whales are probably the most severely depleted but there is little firm evidence on the status of most of species relative to their initial abundance.
		The present number of humpback whales is higher than the estimated number killed, which reflects the fact that humpbacks were not taken often by sail whalers, on whom much of this study is based.
		In response, attention was drawn to the Antarctic research programmes of Australia, Brazil, Chile, New Zealand, the UK and the work of the SOWER 2000 programme, details of which continue to be reported to the Committee.
	luna.pos.to /whale/iwc_sc00_17.html (1750 words)

	Underwater Field Guide to Ross Island & McMurdo Sound, Antarctica
		The Antarctic minke whale is usually sighted near the ice edge, either singly or in pairs
		The Antarctic minke whale ranges in length up to ten meters with an average length of eight meters; it is the smallest baleen whale in the Southern Ocean
		Spyhopping Antarctic minke whale, with Mount Erebus on Ross Island in the background.
	scilib.ucsd.edu /sio/nsf/fguide/chordata18.html (470 words)

	biology - Baleen whale
		The distinguishing feature between this suborder and the toothed whales is that baleen whales have baleen plates instead of teeth in the upper jaw, which enables them to filter food from water.
		Baleen whales are generally larger than toothed whales, and the females are larger of the two sexes.
		Known for their acrobacy are the Humpback Whales, but other baleen whales also break through the water surface with their body or beat it loudly with their fins.
	www.biologydaily.com /biology/Mysticeti (504 words)

	CSI Whales Alive! Vol. XII No. 2 It's a Wonder the International Whaling Commission Survives
		That's why the five ships of the Japanese whaling fleet returned to their home ports in early April, with the remains of 400 minke whales killed during a five-month "scientific" expedition in Antarctic waters.
		In disgust, Australia recently established their right to bring any whaling by Iceland before the IWC as an infraction, declaring, "The Government of Australia considers that the reservation [to the ban on commercial whaling] is prohibited as it is incompatible with the object and purpose of the Convention".
		Whale watching may be the fastest growing sector of the economy.
	csiwhalesalive.org /csi03204.html (1102 words)

	State Aquatic Emblem: Selected species: Dwarf Minke Whale (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The Dwarf Minke Whale is a small streamlined Baleen Whale with a maximum length of 10 metres.
		The Dwarf Minke Whale appears to be more of a fish feeder than its southern friend the Antarctic Minke Whale (Balaenoptera bonaerensis) who predominantly feeds on krill.
		Dwarf Minke Whales are active, highly manoeuvrable whales, which can swim at 12 knots for at least short bursts and may dive to at least 140 metres.
	www.getinvolved.qld.gov.au /emblem/ss_whale.html (394 words)

	Whale scientist Palumbi transforms controversy into conservation
		The Japanese government, arguing that minke whales are relatively abundant, allows the slaughtered giants to be sold as food.
		The results, published in 1994, revealed that, in addition to minke whales, retailers were selling food made from humpbacks and other protected species, for as much as $100 a pound.
		The minke whale samples used by Palumbi and Baker were obtained from meat markets in Japan, although they were originally slaughtered for "scientific research." The irony, says Palumbi, is that the genetic research could have been conducted without harming a single whale.
	news-service.stanford.edu /news/2005/february23/aaas-palumbisr-022305.html (1458 words)

	Animal Planet :: Whales Pass Gas
		The DNA work is linked to whale protection, since countries such as Norway, Iceland, and Japan have argued that whale numbers should be reduced to stabilize commercial fishing stocks.
		He explained that whales also consume predators of many commercial species, and that other issues, including when and where whales eat, and what age class of a commercial species is affected by whales, complicate the debate.
		He explained that whales' major prey, krill, a type of crustacean, is being reduced by climate change, which could cause problems for whales and many other Antarctic species that rely upon krill as a food source.
	animal.discovery.com /news/briefs/20030825/whalegas.html?ct=9110.03943606378 (614 words)

	Whale Research Vessels Return to Port (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Ohsumi noted that in 1990, the IWC estimated the Antarctic minke whale population at 761,000 and in 1992, based on its Revised Management Procedure, calculated that 2,000 could be taken from the population each year for one hundred years without any risk to the population.
		Ohsumi said Japan's whale research program is legal under the terms of the Convention, which provides that IWC member countries can issue permits for the killing of whales for research purposes.
		This year's research which was conducted in the Antarctic waters between 130 degree E and 145 degree W longitude, involved a total sighting distance of 19,878 miles, non-lethal collection of biopsy samples from blue, fin and humpback whales and the taking of 440 minke whales.
	www.riskworld.com /PressRel/2001/01q2/PR01a003.htm (736 words)

	IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Balaenoptera acutorostrata
		There are thought to be approximately 120,000 minke whales in the northeastern North Atlantic, but this stock has been reduced by whaling to an estimated 45—70% of its pre-exploitation level of abundance and it continues to be hunted commercially by Norway (c.
		The commercial hunt for minke whales in Icelandic waters ended in 1986 and has yet to resume, despite repeated press reports that resumption is imminent.
		Also, since the meat and blubber of "by-caught" whales has commercial value in Japan and the Republic of Korea, there is an incentive to set gear deliberately in places where it is likely to catch minke whales, or to"drive" whales toward the nets.
	redlist.org /search/details.php?species=2474 (949 words)

	1996 WhaleNet Archive: Biblio: Minke Research-ANTARCTIC WHALE RESEARCH PAPERS (fwd)
		Cruise report of the research on southern minke whales in 1989/90 under the Japanese proposal to the scientific permit.
		Kato, H. and Kishino, H. Age distributions of minke whales in the Antarctic Areas IV and V in 1991/92 and 1992/93 seasons.
		Abundance Estimates of Southern Hemisphere Minke Whales in Area V from the sightings in the Japanese Research in 1990/91.
	whale.wheelock.edu /archives/whalenet96/0223.html (2460 words)

	Report #1: Hobart, Australia, to Mawson, Antarctica
		The first few days would be spent steaming to the Australian Antarctic base, Mawson, off which we are to conduct a fine-scale krill survey, as per what we attempted 2 years ago.
		On the whale side, the voyage down here was pretty Spartan (see Map 1), with three of four sightings a day (one of which, a group of long-finned pilot whales led to the first sound recordings by the whale acoustics team).
		Antarctic minke whale recordings were trickling in at a few an hour, but enough to keep the interest up.
	www.ccpo.odu.edu /Research/globec/iwc_collab/rpt1.htm (1013 words)

	A List of Papers Submitted by the ICR to the IWC Scientific Committee
		Genetic diversity of humpback whales in the Antarctic feeding ground examined by mitochondrial DNA and microsatellite.
		A biological consideration on the sub-stock of baleen whales.
		Persistent organochlorine residues in the Antarctic minke whale, Balaenoptera acutorostrata.
	luna.pos.to /whale/icr_papers.html (5448 words)

	André Punt—Publications
		An investigation of the merits or otherwise of the proposal for an Antarctic-wide whale sanctuary by means of adaptations of the simulation trials used to test the Revised Management Procedure.
		Application of a multi-stock variant of the C management procedure to a set of Antarctic minke whaling trials analogous to those for the North Atlantic minke.
		On the population status and trends of 'J' stock minke whales in the western North Pacific.
	fish.washington.edu /people/punt/publications.html (8178 words)

	BBC NEWS \| Science/Nature \| Japan's whaling fleet sets sail
		It envisages catching up to 935 minke whales and 10 fin whales during the southern hemisphere summer to "...monitor the Antarctic ecosystem, model competition among whale species...
		Critics say this is commercial whaling in disguise, with meat obtained from the hunts sold for food in restaurants and schools.
		The Antarctic and Pacific programmes run at different times of the year, which conservationists allege is geared towards providing a constant supply of whale meat.
	news.bbc.co.uk /1/hi/sci/tech/4417462.stm (847 words)

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