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Topic: Anterior commissure

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	IX. Neurology. 4c. The Fore-brain or Prosencephalon. Gray, Henry. 1918. Anatomy of the Human Body.
		The anterior area, formed by the orbital surface of the frontal lobe, is concave, and rests on the roof of the orbit and nose; the middle area is convex, and consists of the under surface of the temporal lobe: it is adapted to the corresponding half of the middle cranial fossa.
		The anterior central gyrus (gyrus centralis anterior; ascending frontal convolution; precentral gyre) is bounded in front by the precentral sulcus, behind by the central sulcus; it extends from the supero-medial border of the hemisphere to the posterior ramus of the lateral fissure.
		The anterior cornu (cornu anterius; anterior horn; precornu) (Fig.
	www.bartleby.com /107/189.html (13328 words)

	acsexdiff
		The anterior commissure size difference in rats reported here is opposite in direction from that reported elsewhere for humans, and we speculate that this may derive from differences in the relative proportions of the constituent fibers which make up the anterior commissure in the two species.
		As a crude measure of anterior commissure size, its AP "length" (i.e., its extent along the anterior-posterior dimension) was computed as the total number of successive sections in which it was present, multiplied by 160 microns (the inter-slice distance).
		Anterior commissure area was also significantly larger in males than females (F(1,79) = 8.33, p = 0.005); its area also increased with age (F(1,79) = 9.77, p = 0.003); and, here too, both the consistency and the rate of increase with age was greater in females than in males (F(1,79) = 4.15, p = 0.045).
	www2.canisius.edu /~noonan/acsexdiff.htm (3093 words)

	CENTIGRAY.COM - Resources for the Radiation Oncology Professional (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Anterior commissure infiltration was shown to represent a negative predictive factor of local control for radiotherapy (p =.01).
		Anterior commissure involvement is a predictor of poor response to radiotherapy.
		The purpose of this study was to assess the prognostic significance of the anterior commissure (AC) involvement in radiation therapy for T1-stage glottic squamous cell carcinoma.
	www.centigray.com /larynx.htm (9714 words)

	Gray, Henry. 1918. Anatomy of the Human Body. Page 760
		The tectospinal fasciculus, situated partly in the anterior and partly in the lateral funiculus, is mainly derived from the opposite superior colliculus of the mid-brain.
		The fibers from the superior colliculus cross the median raphé in the fountain decussation of Meynert and descend as the ventral longitudinal bundle in the reticular formation of the brain-stem.
		They pass downward in company with those of the anterior cerebrospinal fasciculus through the same side of the brain as that from which they originate, but they cross to the opposite side in the medulla oblongata and descend in the lateral funiculus of the medulla spinalis.
	www.bartleby.com /107/pages/page760.html (616 words)

	Dorlands Medical Dictionary
		ante´rior [TA] anterior commissure: a bundle of myelinated nerve fibers passing transversely through the lamina terminalis and connecting symmetrical parts of the two cerebral hemispheres; it consists of a smaller anterior part (pars anterior commissurae anterioris) and a larger posterior part (pars posterior commissurae anterioris).
		gri´sea ante´rior/poste´rior medul´lae spina´lis anterior/posterior gray commissure of spinal cord: the transverse band of gray substance surrounding the central canal of the spinal cord external to the central gelatinous substance; it connects the intermediate, anterior, and posterior columns.
		(kom”ĭ-shər-ot´ə-me) [commissure + -tomy] surgical incision or digital disruption of the component parts of a commissure to increase the size of the orifice; this was formerly commonly done to separate the adherent, thickened leaflets of a stenotic mitral valve.
	www.mercksource.com /pp/us/cns/cns_hl_dorlands.jspzQzpgzEzzSzppdocszSzuszSzcommonzSzdorlandszSzdorlandzSzdmd_c_49zPzhtm (5025 words)

	BRAIN (A.S. braegen) - Online Information article about BRAIN (A.S. braegen)
		The crura cerebri, optic tracts, and optic commissure enclose a lozenge-shaped space, which includes—(a) a grey layer, which, from being perforated by several small arteries, is called locus perforatus posticus; (b) two white mammillae, the corpora albicantia; (c) a grey nodule, the tuber cinereum, from which (d) the infundibulum projects to join the pituitary body.
		Immediately in front of the optic commissure is a grey layer, the lamina cinerea of the third ventricle; and between the optic commissure and the inner end of each Sylvian fissure is a grey spot perforated by small arteries, the locus perforatus anticus.
		Its roof is formed by the velum interpositum and body of the fornix; its floor by the posterior perforated space, corpora albicantia, tuber cinereum, infundibulum, and optic commissure; its anterior boundary by the anterior pillars of the fornix, anterior commissure and lamina cinerea; its posterior boundary by the corpora quadrigemina and posterior commissure.
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /BOS_BRI/BRAIN_AS_braegen_.html (9700 words)

	[No title]
		The paraterminal gyrus is wedged between the septal nuclei and the anterior commissure.
		The anterior temporal lobe is susceptible to traumatic injury.
		The septum pellucidum is absent and the optic nerves and chiasm are hypoplastic.
	spinwarp.ucsd.edu /NeuroWeb/Text/br-800epi.htm (2758 words)

	GlobalSpine - Advanced Anatomy - Spinal Cord
		The commissure of the spinal cord is composed of white and gray matter, and is therefore divided into the white and gray commissures.
		The white commissure is situated at the bottom of the anterior median fissure, and is formed of medullated nerve fibers, which pass between the gray matter of the anterior horn and the anterior white column of the one side into similar parts on the other.
		It consists of longitudinal commissural fibers, which unite the groups of cells in the gray matter with one another; of fibers, which pass across the anterior commissure from the gray-matter of the opposite side; and horizontal fibers belonging to the anterior roots of the nerves, which pass through it before leaving the cord.
	www.globalspine.net /spinal_cord_advanced.html (4217 words)

	[No title]
		Notice that the caudate nucleus and putamen are separated by the anterior limb of the internal capsule and that the posterior limb separates the thalamus from the globus pallidus.
		X-95 Coronal section rostral to the anterior commissure In this slide, you should note the anterior horns of the lateral ventricles separated by the septum pellucidum.
		Inferior to the anterior commissure and superior to the optic chiasm lies the preoptic area.
	www.columbia.edu /itc/hs/medical/neuralsci/2003/lab/Lab11_BasalGanglia/NAlab11_BasalGanglia.doc (1803 words)

	Drosophila tissue and organ development: Ventral midline
		At stage 17, the MP1 neurons reside slightly anterior and ventral to the posterior commissure in the corner formed by the connectives and the posterior commissure.
		Between the commissures, one fiber left the main bundle and bifurcated at the dorsoposterior rim of the anterior commissure to project on either side to the lateral area of the connective.
		DM cells are associated with the midline channel and, thus, reside between the posterior commissure and the anterior commissure of the next ganglion.
	www.sdbonline.org /fly/aimorph/ventrlmd.htm (5426 words)

	acsize
		Anterior commissure and corpus callosum size increase disproportionately with advancing age in rats.
		The Corpus Callosum and Anterior Commissure are large bundles of fibers which interconnect the two cerebral hemispheres.
		The effect of age proved to be significant in all analyses of adjusted commissure size (regardless of the method used to adjust for overall brain size).
	www2.canisius.edu /~noonan/acsize.htm (707 words)

	Improved Acquisition of LRRD in the Rat Following Section of Corpus Callosum
		The first supposes that the commissures contribute to a left-right mirror equivalence (and hence confusability) of sensory-motor events, this contribution perhaps being underlain by homotopic interconnections of the hemispheres.
		Likewise, the avian tectal commissure appears to mediate an equivalence (and hence confusability) of left-right mirror-image stimuli.
		The neurophysiological effects of either homotopic or heterotopic commissural fibers are still largely matters of speculation, as are their effects on the flow of information.
	www2.canisius.edu /~noonan/sb.htm (4253 words)

	mrVista WorkFlow
		Anterior to the AC (AAC): The point where the AC-PC line intersects the anterior extent of the brain at the AC-PC level.
		The Anterior Commissure (AC), defined as the origin of the Talairach Atlas coordinate system, is assumed to be at location (0, 0, 0).
		This point is designated as the landmark 'Anterior to the Anterior Commissure' (AAC), and is assumed to be at location (0, 68, 0).
	white.stanford.edu /~sweta/VistaLab/Manual/talairach1.html (1162 words)

	eMedicine - Glottic Stenosis : Article by Debbie A Eaton, MD (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		The posterior commissure is a strip of mucosa measuring approximately 5 mm in height.
		The posterior glottis consists of the posterior third of the vocal cords, the posterior commissure with the interarytenoid muscle, the cricoid lamina, the cricoarytenoid joints, the arytenoids, and the overlying mucosa.
		Described by Zalzal in 1993, this technique involves an anterior laryngofissure with incision of the posterior glottic scar in the midline, posterior vertical cricoidotomy to the hypopharyngeal mucosa, and cartilage grafting between the arytenoids.
	www.emedicine.com /ent/topic351.htm (3708 words)

	LONI \| NCRR \| Resources \| Protocols \| Nucleus Accumbens (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		On slices rostrally with respect to the anterior commissure, the superior border of the NAc is demarcated by a line that connects the inferiormost tip of the lateral ventricle to the most ventral point of the internal capsule at the level of the ventral putamen.
		Once the globus pallidus appears, the superior border is extended from the internal capsule to the lateral inferiormost tip of the external medullary lamina of the globus pallidus; then a vertical line is traced straight down to adjacent white matter (Figure 4).
		Once the anterior commissure starts to decussate, a line is started from the junction of the internal capsule and the anterior commissure and then arced to the end point of the anterior commissure (Figure 5).
	www.loni.ucla.edu /NCRR/Protocols/MaskingRegions_13.html (344 words)

	[No title]
		The anterior commissure, a fiber tract whose axons in primates primarily connect the two temporal lobes, was an average of 12%, or 1.17 mm2 larger in females than in males.
		The massa intermedia, a structure that crosses the third ventricle between the two thalami, was present in 78% of the females and 68% of the males.
		The brain structure, called the anterior commissure, is not thought to influence sexual behavior directly, but the researchers believe the finding supports the idea that the brains of homosexuals differ in many subtle ways from those of heterosexuals, and that sexual orientation has a deep biological basis.
	www.qrd.org /qrd/origins/1993/gay.brains-02.16.93 (1164 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		The lamina terminalis (represents the membrane formed at the point of closure of the anterior neuropore) is the most rostral structure of the early telencephalon.
		By 10 weeks it contains the rudiments of the commissural bundles i.e., corpus callosum, optic chiasm and anterior commissure.
		Crossing fibers of the optic chiasm develop in the lamina ventrally, the anterior commissure connects olfactory bulbs and temporal lobes, the commissure of the fornix joins the hippocampal formations, and most dorsally is the corpus callosum which connects non-olfactory cortical areas.
	isc.temple.edu /neuroanatomy/lab/embryo/dien4.htm (151 words)

	The Callosal Syndromes
		This conclusion is based on cases having extensive but incomplete commissurotomy, that is, section of the anterior commissure and all of the corpus callosum except for the splenium.
		The paucity of disconnection deficits in patients with callosal agenesis is not wholly explained by the presence of the anterior commissure.
		As already mentioned, when surgical section of the commissures is incomplete, a remarkable capacity for maintaining cross-communication between the hemi spheres may be retained with commissural remnants, particularly when the part remaining is the splenium.
	www.cco.caltech.edu /~jbogen/text/callosal.htm (6049 words)

	ADDENDUM: COMMISSURAL SECTION AND PROPAGATION OF SEIZURES
		The number and distribution of forebrain commissural fibers suggests a significant role in the spread of seizure activity.
		Most of their bisections were incomplete and only one, done seriatim, included the entire corpus callosum and anterior commissure; nevertheless twelve patients had postoperative convulsions restricted to one side [1].
		The hippocampal commissure, though not separately visualized, was presumed to have been divided along with the corpus callosum in all cases.
	www.cco.caltech.edu /~jbogen/text/addendum.htm (624 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		No, the answer is C. The posterior commissure is the posterior limitation of the diencephalon and the lateral wall of the third ventricle is the medial border.
		The shape of the thalamus is the reverse of that in the fourth foil.
		The anterior nucleus is narrow and posteriorly the pulvinar and geniculate bodies are broad.
	www.kumc.edu /research/medicine/pharmacology/CAI/webCAI/anatomy/ua08.wbc (964 words)

	ANNALS Apr2000: ENDOLARYNGEAL MICROSURGERY AT THE ANTERIOR GLOTTAL COMMISSURE: CONTROVERSIES AND . . . (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		ANNALS Apr2000: ENDOLARYNGEAL MICROSURGERY AT THE ANTERIOR GLOTTAL COMMISSURE: CONTROVERSIES AND.
		Authors: ROSEMARY B. There are a number of tenets regarding endolaryngeal microsurgical management of disease that involves and/or encroaches upon the anterior glottal commissure (AGC).
		Positioning these prototype laryngoscopes was facilitated by the use of elevated-vector suspension and external counterpressure.
	www.annals.com /abs/annals516.htm (294 words)

	eMedicine - Glottic Stenosis : Article Excerpt by: Debbie A Eaton, MD (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		In 1994, Lichtenberger reported on a series of 13 patients who were treated for anterior commissure webs with a keel-fixing technique that involved the use of a specialized endo-extralaryngeal needle carrier.
		Glottic stenosis may be a congenital or acquired condition, represented as anterior or posterior webs, interarytenoid adhesions with or without impaired vocal cord mobility, or complete fusion of the true vocal folds (rare).
		Congenital glottic stenosis is a rare disorder and may exist as a thin membranous stenosis, a thick anterior or posterior web, or as a complete fusion of the vocal cords.
	www.emedicine.com /ent/byname/glottic-stenosis.htm (609 words)

	Muscle Tissue Questions:
		The tip of the yellow arrrowhead is pointing to the anterior commissure.
		Again, the yellow arrowhead is pointing to the anterior commissure.
		The yellow arrowhead is pointing to the bottom of a long, thin, fl/brown band of white matter.
	www.geocities.com /Athens/Acropolis/8537/1brainquiz1.html (281 words)

	Echo in Context: Anatomy, Pathology & Echo
		P1 is adjacent to the antero-lateral commissure and is closest to the aorta (anterior).
		The opposing sections of the anterior leaflet are designated A1, A2 and A3.
		Thus, there are eight places for functional abnormalities to occur (two commissures and 6 of the previously noted leaflet sections).
	www.echoincontext.com /learn_anat.htm (547 words)

	ANNALS Mar2003: RISK FACTORS AND PROGNOSIS OF ANTERIOR COMMISSURE VERSUS POSTERIOR COMMISSURE . . . (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		For better understanding of the causation and behavior of T1-T2 commissural glottic laryngeal tumors, we retrospectively analyzed risk factors and outcome related to T class and type of therapy for tumors involving the anterior (184 cases) or the posterior (60 cases) commissure.
		In anterior commissure tumors, the larynx remained preserved more frequently after partial laryngeal resection than after radiotherapy, and was more frequently preserved the lower the T class.
		In posterior commissure tumors, larynx preservation was less frequent and apparently independent of type of therapy or T class.
	www.annals.com /abs/annals1169.htm (210 words)

	Age and Sex Differences in Mitotic Activity within the Zebra Finch Telencephalon -- DeWulf and Bottjer 22 (10): 4080 -- ...
		Autoradiograms showing thymidine labeling within the ventral portion of the VZ at the level of the anterior commissure in a juvenile male (a) and an adult female (b).
		The pattern of proliferation at the level of the anterior commissure was similar to that observed at area X in that the area
		was offset by the greater length of the DVZ at the anterior commissure.
	www.jneurosci.org /cgi/content/full/22/10/4080 (9894 words)

	Virtual Hospital: The Human Brain: Chapter 5: The Cerebral Hemispheres (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		These commissural fibers connect parts of the cortex of the two hemispheres, in particular, the anterior and inferior portions of the temporal lobes.
		The long association fibers of the inferior occipitofrontal fasciculus mingle with the internal capsule and the corona radiata, and also with the anterior commissure and the temporal genu of the optic radiation.
		The sagittal stratum contains commissural fibers that have crossed from the opposite side of the anterior commissure, association fibers that extend anteroposteriorly in the inferior occipitofrontal fasciculus, and projection fibers belonging to the posterior thalamic peduncle, the optic radiation and the occipitopontine tract.
	www.vh.org /adult/provider/anatomy/BrainAnatomy/Ch5Text/Section18.html (308 words)

	anterior commissure (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Age-related changes in the number of myelinated axons and glial cells in the anterior and posterior limbs of the mouse anterior commissure.
		A light microscope study of glial necrosis with age in the anterior limb of the anterior commissure of the pre and postnatal mouse.
		Expression of R-cadherin and N-cadherin by cell groups and fiber tracts in the developing mouse forebrain: relation to the formation of functional circuits.
	www.arclab.org /node_pages/268.html (152 words)

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