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Topic: Anthozoa

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Actiniaria

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Coral

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Scyphozoa

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	Cnidaria
		In fact, an attribute of the entire class Anthozoa is the absence of a medusa.
		Ptychocysts are the most taxonomically restricted in distribution, occurring only in the anthozoan order Ceriantharia; their function is to entangle bits of mud among their robust tubules to form the feltwork that constitutes the tube of these burrowing animals.
		Anthozoa is alternatively considered the most basal or the most derived group.
	tolweb.org /tree?group=Cnidaria&contgroup=Animals (2364 words)

	Coral - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Corals (class Anthozoa), which include sea anemones (order Actiniaria), are gastrovascular marine cnidarians (phylum Cnidaria) existing as small sea anemone-like polyps, typically forming colonies of many individuals.
		The group includes the important reef builders known as hermatypic corals, found in tropical oceans, and belonging to the subclass Zoantharia of order Scleractinia (formerly Madreporaria).
		Pure red coral is known as 'fire coral' and it is very rare because of the demand for perfect fire coral for jewellery-making purposes.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Coral (2518 words)

	Cnidaria: Class Anthozoa (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Neurofilament-like immunoreactivity in the sea anemone Condylactis gigantea (Cnidaria: Anthozoa).
		Identification of synaptophysin-like immunoreactivity in the sea anemone Condylactis gigantea (Cnidaria: Anthozoa).
		Homeoboxes in sea anemones (Cnidaria; Anthozoa): a PCR-based survey of Nematostella vectensis and Metridium senile.
	www.infoplease.com /ce6/sci/A0857404.html (409 words)

	Anthozoa Fossil Record
		The origins of the Anthozoa lie in the Precambrian, but concrete evidence is sketchy.
		In any case, there is molecular evidence to suggest that the Anthozoa are the earliest branch of the phylum Cnidaria (Bridge et al.
		Cambrian-age localities with soft-bodied organisms preserved also include some soft-bodied sea anemones and "sea pens", such as Mackenzia and Thaumaptilon from the Burgess Shale and Xianguangia from the Chengjiang biota of China.
	www.ucmp.berkeley.edu /cnidaria/anthozoafr.html (677 words)

	Scott C.France - Abstracts (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		We are analyzing genetic diversity in deep-seamount octocorals with the ultimate goal of studying the effect of retention and dispersal of larvae on genetic population structure.
		The 18S rRNA gene may be insufficient for establishing robust phylogenetic hypotheses concerning the specific relationships of the Corallimorpharia and the Ceriantharia, and the branching sequence for the orders within the Hexacorallia.
		We have detected significant length variation in the gene, with homologous gene fragments ranging from 545 base pairs (bp) in a shallow-water scleractinian coral to 911 bp in a deep-sea antipatharian fl coral.
	www.ucs.louisiana.edu /~scf4101/scfabs.html (2368 words)

	bibliography
		Density, dispersion and autoecology of Phymactis clematis Dana, 1849 (Anthozoa: Actiniaria).
		Belem MJDC (1988) Anatomy and Biology of Bunodosoma-Caissarum Correa 1964 Cnidaria Anthozoa Actiniidae 1.
		Cutress CE (1949) The Oregon shore anemones (Anthozoa).
	www.anthozoa.com /seaanemonelit.htm (7311 words)

	The molecular properties and applications of Anthozoa fluorescent proteins and chromoproteins - Nature Biotechnology
		The green fluorescent protein (GFP) from the jellyfish Aequorea victoria and its fluorescent homologs from Anthozoa corals have become invaluable tools for in vivo imaging of cells and tissues.
		Anthozoa GFP-like proteins are available in colors and properties unlike those of A.
		In addition, several Anthozoa GFP-like proteins have been developed into novel imaging agents, such as monomeric red and dimeric far-red fluorescent proteins, fluorescent timers and photoconvertible fluorescent labels.
	www.nature.com /cgi-taf/DynaPage.taf?file=/nbt/journal/v22/n3/abs/nbt943.html&dynoptions=doi1089369010 (311 words)

	[No title]
		A reassessment of what is known about the distribution of apical flaps in nematocysts of the cnidarian class Anthozoa is offered here as a first step toward understanding if any phylogenetic significance can be determined from apical structure.
		The three flap structure is known to occur in only one class, Anthozoa (sea anemones, corals) whereas the operculum occurs in the other three classes: Cubozoa (box jellyfish), Scyphozoa (true jellyfish), and Hydrozoa (Hydra, Portugese-Man-O-War).
		Thus, apical flaps may be a phylogentically useful trait as an apomorphy of Actiniaria, rather than the Anthozoa, however, a survey of Anthozoa is necessary to determine the distribution of this character.
	web.nhm.ku.edu /inverts/presentations2005/Reft_Abstract_KAS.doc (282 words)

	eMedicine - Coelenterate and Jellyfish Envenomations : Article Excerpt by: Jeffrey Tucker, MD (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The phylum is divided into 4 major classes: (1) Hydrozoa (Portuguese man-of-war and fire coral), (2) Scyphozoa (true jellyfish), (3) Cubozoa (box jellyfish), and (4) Anthozoa (sea anemones).
		Most Anthozoa organisms are sessile creatures, and anemones found within the US tidal zones have minimal toxicity.
		Risk of infection from a coral cut is of greater concern than the toxic effects of the coral.
	www.emedicine.com /emerg/byname/coelenterate-and-jellyfish-envenomations.htm (577 words)

	Anthozoa
		Indeed, Hand (1966) suggested division of Anthozoa into four subclasses (Antipatharia, Ceriantharia, Zoantharia, and Alcyonaria) could be justified.
		Systematic relationships within the Anthozoa (Cnidaria: Anthozoa) using the 5'-end of the 28S rDNA.
		DNA sequence variation of mitochondrial large-subunit rRNA provides support for a two subclass organization of the Anthozoa (Cnidaria).
	tolweb.org /tree?group=Anthozoa&contgroup=Cnidaria (1779 words)

	Welcome to Anthozoa.com
		On this site you will find all kind of scientific information about Anthozoa.
		Since there are many scientists studying zooxanthellate corals, this site is mainly dedicated to the more neglected groups within the Anthozoa.
		It was created as communication platform for scientists studying anthozoan taxonomy, biology, ecology, phylogeny and biogeography including traditional and modern methods.
	www.anthozoa.com (99 words)

	Introduction to the Anthozoa (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		True corals of the kind living today did not appear until the middle Triassic, at about the same time that the first dinosaurs were evolving.
		Or, for more information on the Anthozoa, click on the buttons below.
		Anthozoa page from the Tree of Life Site -- This is a great page.
	www.ucmp.berkeley.edu /cnidaria/anthozoa.html (164 words)

	Anthozoa
		Class Anthozoa is traditionally considered to have two or three subclasses.
		Hyman (1940) divided the class into Alcyonaria and Zoantharia, based largely on polyp symmetry and tentacle form and number.
		Phylogenetic relationships within the Class Anthozoa (Phylum Cnidaria) based on nuclear 18S rDNA sequences.
	tolweb.org /tree?group=Anthozoa&contgroup=Cnidaria (1779 words)

	Class Anthozoa
		Class Anthozoa, whose fossil record dates back about 550 million years, includes Cnidarians with a variety of distinct features.
		Prominent polyps in the class Anthozoa include the sea anemones and the coral animals that live in limestone shells.
		The Anthozoa may lead either a solitary or a colonial existence.
	www.sidwell.edu /us/science/vlb6/labs/Classification_Lab/Eukarya/Animalia/Cnidaria/Anthozoa (134 words)

	Hall of Fame: Steve Cairns
		A review of the Recent species of Balanophyllia (Anthozoa: Scleractinia) in the western Atlantic, with descriptions of four new species.
		A revision of the Recent species of Stephanocyathus (Anthozoa: Scleractinia) in the western Atlantic, with descriptions of two new species.
		New genus and species of ahermatypic coral (Anthozoa: Scleractinia) from the western Atlantic.
	www.medusozoa.com /scairns.html (1281 words)

	Cnidarians (anthoza) Aquarium.Net Jan 97
		The reason I do not like this distinction, however, is that more cnidarians violate this characteristic than follow it.
		As I said last month, there are four classes of Cnidaria: the Hydrozoa (hydroids and hydromedusae), the Cubozoa (box jellies or sea wasps), the Scyphozoa (true jellyfish) and the Anthozoa (sea anemones, corals and sea pens).
		Of about 10,000 living species of Cnidarians, nearly 6,000 are in the Class Anthozoa, which is, in turn, divided into three subclasses.
	www.reefs.org /library/aquarium_net/0197/0197_6.html (3150 words)

	Hexacoral Author Details
		Opresko D. New species of antipatharians (Cnidaria: Anthozoa) from Madeira, with the establisment of a new genus
		Opresko D. Revision of the antipatharia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa).
		Warner G. and Opresko D. A new fl coral (Anthozoa: Antipatharia) from a reef wall environment in Jamaica
	hercules.kgs.ku.edu /hexacoral/anemone2/authordetail.cfm?authorid=1412 (729 words)

	[No title]
		GAP=- ; MATRIX [ ] [ ] Anthozoa ?
		The sea anemone Heteractis malu (Anthozoa), photographed by Art Reed.
		From D. Fautin and G. Allen, Field Guide to Anemonefishes and their Host Sea Anemones, 1992.
	ag.arizona.edu /tree/eukaryotes/animals/cnidaria/!Cnidaria.nex (2126 words)

	MavicaNET - Anthozoa (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The Class Anthozoa includes a variety of animals that have polyps with a flower-like appearance.
		Scleractinia are the hard or stony corals included in the Order Scleractinia, of the Class Anthozoa, Phylum Cnidaria.
		CoralBase is based on 20 years of research conducted at this Institute by Dr. J.E.N. Veron and his colleagues.
	www.mavicanet.com /lite/bul/6764.html (391 words)

	Anthozoa (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		In this state the anemones may stay out of the water for several hours with no ill effects.
		The flower-like anatomy of these animals gives the class its name: "Anthozoa" translates into "plant animals."
		At right is a relaxed animal with open tentacles.
	www.curator.org /LegacyVMNH/WebOfLife/Kingdom/P_Cnidaria/anthozoa.htm (324 words)

	Sando (1974) Checklist of North American late Paleozoic coral species (Coelenterata, Anthozoa): A bibliographic ...
		Sando (1974) Checklist of North American late Paleozoic coral species (Coelenterata, Anthozoa): A bibliographic compilation through 1973 of coral species described from the Mississippian, Pennsylvanian, and Permian rocks of North America
		Checklist of North American late Paleozoic coral species (Coelenterata, Anthozoa): A bibliographic compilation through 1973 of coral species described from the Mississippian, Pennsylvanian, and Permian rocks of North America
		To view the the latter's ratings, click on Chapters/Papers/Articles in the STATISTICS box, select a publication from the list that appears, and then click on either Quality or Interest in that publication's STATISTICS box.
	www.getcited.org /?PUB=101502350&showStat=Ratings (125 words)

	Nearctica - Natural History - Cnidaria and Ctenophora (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Anthozoa - The Anthozoa consists of the corals, sea anenomes, sea fans, and a variety of other marine organisms.
		The medusa stage of the life cycle has been completely lost in these animals.
		Keys to the species of marine Anthozoa in the Woods Hole region of Massachusetts.
	www.nearctica.com /nathist/miscanim/cnidaria.htm (790 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Some anthozoans (the corals) excrete massive calcium carbonate external skeletons.
		The two most important subclasses of anthozoa are the octocorallia and zoantharia.
		Although there is a large variety of living groups of octocorallines, including sea pens (left), soft corals, sea fans, and organ pipe corals, fossils of whole skeletons are extremely rare.
	mac01.eps.pitt.edu /geoweb/courses/GEO1200/lab4/anthozoa.htm (165 words)

	ANTHOZOA (i.e. " flowe... - Online Information article about ANTHOZOA (i.e. " flowe...
		skeleton of certain members of the Anthozoa, one of the classes of the phylum See also:
		'The Anthozoa are divis- ible into two sub-classes, sharply marked off from one another by definite anatomical characters.
		To the first-named belong the precious red coral and its allies, the sea-fans or Gorgoniae; to the second belong the See also:
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /ANC_APO/ANTHOZOA_ie_flower_animals_.html (8085 words)

	Cnidarians: Closeup on Class Anthozoa - National Zoo\| FONZ
		Cnidarians: Closeup on Class Anthozoa - National Zoo
		With about 6,000 species, Class Anthozoa is the largest class of cnidarians.
		Anthozoans are known as flower animals for their lustrous, rainbow-like colors and include animals such as the sea anemone, coral, sea fan, and sea pen.
	nationalzoo.si.edu /Animals/Invertebrates/Facts/cnidarians/Anthozoa.cfm (465 words)

	ANTHOZOA - LoveToKnow Article on ANTHOZOA (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		and R. Hertwig.) ~1he Anthozoa are divis- ~
		Septa radial;, the primary septa jally compact, the remainder perforate.
		To properly cite this ANTHOZOA article in your work, copy the complete reference below:
	89.1911encyclopedia.org /A/AN/ANTHOZOA.htm (7360 words)

	ADW: Anthozoa: Information
		The internal structure of an anemone includes a pharynx and many septa (structures lacking in hydrozoan polyps.
		The anemones benefit from food particles dropped by the crab, and the crab gains protection from predators due to the presence of the nematocyst-laden anemones.
		The Class Anthozoa also includes many kinds of corals, including many reef-building species.
	animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu /site/accounts/information/Anthozoa.html (463 words)

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