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Topic: Anthrax disease

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	Anthrax - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Anthrax, called also splenic fever, is an acute infectious disease caused by the bacteria Bacillus anthracis and is highly lethal in its most virulent form.
		Anthrax most commonly occurs in wild and domestic herbivores, but it can also occur in humans when they are exposed to infected animals, tissue from infected animals, or high concentrations of anthrax spores.
		Anthrax infection is rare but not remarkably so in herbivores such as cattle, sheep, goats, camels, and antelopes.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Anthrax_disease (1535 words)

	Anthrax
		Anthrax is primarily a disease of domesticated and wild animals, particularly herbivorous animals, such as cattle, sheep, horses, mules, and goats.
		Anthrax toxin proteins and the antiphagocytic capsule are produced in response to growth in increased atmospheric CO This CO signal is thought to be of physiological significance for a pathogen which invades mammalian host tissues.
		The anthrax vaccine for humans, which is used in the U.S., is a preparation of the protective antigen recovered from the culture filtrate of an avirulent, nonencapsulated strain of Bacillus anthracis that produces PA during active growth.
	textbookofbacteriology.net /Anthrax.html (3578 words)

	Anthrax disease - Medical Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Anthrax is an acute infectious disease caused by the bacteria Bacillus anthracis and is highly lethal in its most virulent form.
		Anthrax infection is rare but not remarkable in herbivores such as cattle, sheep, goats, camels, and antelopes.
		Cutaneous (skin) anthrax infection presents with a large, painless necrotic ulcer (beginning as a irritating and itchy skin lesion or blister which is dark in color, usually concentrated as a fl dot, somewhat resembling bread mold) at the site of infection, forming about a week or two after exposure.
	nursingstudy.com /encyclopedia/Anthrax_disease.html (1005 words)

	NJDHSS, Communicable Disease Service: Anthrax
		Anthrax is an acute infectious disease caused by the spore-forming bacterium Bacillus anthracis.
		Intestinal: The intestinal disease form of anthrax may follow the consumption of contaminated meat and is characterized by an acute inflammation of the intestinal tract.
		Anthrax is diagnosed by isolating Bacillus anthracis from the blood, skin lesions, or respiratory secretions or by measuring specific antibodies to Bacillus anthracis in the blood of suspected cases.
	www.state.nj.us /health/cd/f_anthrax.htm (578 words)

	Anthrax
		, is an acute infectious disease caused by the spore-forming bacterium
		Pulmonary anthrax causes lesions in the lungs and brain.
		Because anthrax is considered to be a potential agent for use in biological warfare, the Department of Defense (DOD) announced that it will begin systematic vaccination of all U.S. military personnel.
	www.mamashealth.com /anthrax.asp (669 words)

	Anthrax as a Weapon of Terrorism and Difficulties Presented in Response to its Use
		Anthrax was known to ancient cultures, and is described to have killed 40,000 horses and 100,000 cattle in the possession of the Huns during their movement across Eurasia in 80 AD.
		Anthrax (scientific name Bacillus anthracis) was the first microorganism identified as the cause of a specific disease by Dr. Robert Koch in 1876.
		Anthrax has been researched and developed as a weapon of mass destruction since World War I. the technology for growing anthrax in the laboratory and vaccination of animals is over one hundred years old.
	www.defencejournal.com /dec98/anthrax.htm (2004 words)

	Anthrax disease - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Cutaneous (skin) anthrax infection presents with a large, painless necrotic ulcer (beginning as an irritating and itchy skin lesion or blister which is dark in color, usually concentrated as a fl dot, somewhat resembling bread mold) at the site of infection, forming about a week or two after exposure.
		Historically, it was believed that lethal factor caused macrophages to make TNF-alpha and, both normal components of the immune system used to induce an inflammatory reaction, ultimately leading to septic shock and death.
		"Anthrax (http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dbmd/diseaseinfo/anthrax_g.htm)." CDC Division of Bacterial and Mycotic Diseases.
	www.hartselle.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/Anthrax_disease (1333 words)

	AllRefer Health - Anthrax (Ragpicker's Disease, Wool Sorter's Disease)
		Anthrax is an infectious disease caused by the spore-forming bacteria called Bacillus anthracis.
		Anthrax is a potential agent for use as a biological weapon or bioterrorism.
		Cutaneous anthrax is an infection of the skin with anthrax.
	health.allrefer.com /health/anthrax-info.html (771 words)

	Anthrax, UC Davis Veterinary Medicine Extension (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Anthrax has recently been the topic of several news articles addressing concerns about vaccinating soldiers in the US military, bioterrorism threats and naturally occurring disease outbreaks in cattle.
		After an animal dies from anthrax, if the carcass is opened by a veterinarian during a necropsy, scavengers or by decay, the vegetative state is exposed to oxygen in the air.
		When anthrax is suspect, dead animals should not be opened for routine examination, as the discharges and blood are highly infectious to humans and other animals.
	www.vetmed.ucdavis.edu /vetext/INF-DA/INF-DA_Anthrax.html (1171 words)

	CDC Anthrax Q & A (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Anthrax most commonly occurs in wild and domestic lower vertebrates (cattle, sheep, goats, camels, antelopes, and other herbivores), but it can also occur in humans when they are exposed to infected animals or to tissue from infected animals or when anthrax spores are used as a bioterrorist weapon.
		Anthrax spores can be used as a bioterrorist weapon, as was the case in 2001, when Bacillus anthracis spores had been intentionally distributed through the postal system, causing 22 cases of anthrax, including 5 deaths.
		For gastrointestinal anthrax, the case-fatality rate is estimated to be 25%-60% and the effect of early antibiotic treatment on that case-fatality rate is not defined.
	www.bt.cdc.gov /agent/anthrax/faq/index.asp (2154 words)

	Information about Anthrax
		The infectious dose of anthrax organisms is highly variable from animal species to species, and it varies widely dependent on the route of inoculation.
		Currently, the anthrax vaccine is produced under contract to the Department of Defense, and only small quantities are made available as needed to civilians who are exposed to anthrax hazards in their work environment, such as veterinarians, lab workers and others.
		The anthrax vaccine is a preparation of the protective antigen (a fraction of the toxin) recovered from the culture filtrate of an avirulent, nonencapsulated strain of Bacillus anthracis.
	www.news.wisc.edu /anthrax (1117 words)

	DASEES (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Anthrax, a disease of mammals and humans, is caused by a spore-forming bacterium called Bacillus anthracis.
		Anthrax has an almost worldwide distribution and is a zoonotic disease, meaning it may spread from animals to humans.
		Anthrax is an animal disease that rarely spreads to humans and almost never is transmitted from person to person.
	www.fass.org /dasees/animalhealth/anthrax.asp (1472 words)

	Biological Warfare Defense Information Sheet (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The disease Anthrax is caused by the bacteria Bacillus anthracis.
		Anthrax is normally found in sheep, cattle and horses but can be transmitted to humans who contact infected animals or their products.
		As such, the symptoms of Anthrax encountered in BW would follow those expected for inhalation of spores,as opposed to those expected for skin contact or ingestion of the bacteria.
	www.emergency.com /anthrax2.htm (546 words)

	Anthrax
		Cutaneous anthrax is the most common form of the disease, accounting for 95 percent of cases, and it's also the mildest form of the disease.
		Anthrax disease is caused by a rod-shaped bacterium, Bacillus anthracis, which normally resides as a spore in the soil.
		Anthrax primarily affects wild and domestic livestock — such as sheep, cattle, horses, goats and camels — that contract intestinal anthrax by eating spores from the soil.
	www.cnn.com /HEALTH/library/DS/00422.html (3754 words)

	Anthrax (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Anthrax bacteria which are present in this blood and fluids draining into the soil form spores which were proved to be alive after 70 years.
		The anthrax bacteria in the carcass of died animals are likely to be killed by the bacteria of putrefaction.
		Today the disease is still common in South and Central America, Southern and Eastern Europe, Asia, Africa and the Caribbean Intestinal anthrax:The spores in animal feed, in dust of infected soil with excreta or carcasses of diseased animals are ingested and can cause an intestinal infection.
	www.ourfood.com /Anthrax.html (1352 words)

	Anthrax definition - Asthma symptoms, relief therapies, treatment and medications on MedicineNet.com
		Cutaneous anthrax is the most common form of the disease and is characterized by the development of a localized skin lesion with a central eschar surrounded by marked edema (swelling).
		Cutaneous (skin) anthrax was once well known among people who handled infected animals (farmers, woolsorters, tanners, brushmakers and carpetmakers in the days when the brushes and carpets were animal products).
		The cutaneous form of anthrax is treated with antibiotics such as penicillin, tetracycline, erythromycin, and ciprofloxacin (Cipro).
	www.medterms.com /script/main/art.asp?articlekey=2273 (617 words)

	Anthrax Disease Precautions Vaccination Appearance
		Anthrax is a disease that mainly affects ungulates or in other words cloven footed animals like domestic and wild herbivores.
		However, although anthrax is caused by bacteria, the disease is considered a deadly and dangerous one because, often affected people and animals simply do not survive long enough to get treatment.
		Anthrax is a very dangerous disease because the spores can remain dormant in the soil for very long periods of time, sometimes for even as long as 15 years or even longer.
	www.petspourri.com /trends06.htm (1114 words)

	MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia: Anthrax
		Anthrax commonly affects hoofed animals such as sheep and goats, but humans who come in contact with the infected animals can get sick from anthrax, too.
		Anthrax is a potential agent for use as a biological weapon or for bio-terrorism.
		If inhalational anthrax is suspected, a chest X-ray, blood cultures, sputum cultures, spinal tap for CSF culture, and gram stain may be performed.
	www.nlm.nih.gov /medlineplus/ency/article/001325.htm (820 words)

	Anthrax, NIAID Fact Sheet
		Anthrax is an acute infectious disease caused by the spore-forming, rod-shaped bacterium Bacillus anthracis.
		In October 2001, anthrax spores were sent through the U.S. mail and caused 18 confirmed cases of anthrax (11 inhalation, 7 cutaneous).
		Five individuals with inhalation anthrax died; none of the cutaneous cases was fatal.
	www.niaid.nih.gov /factsheets/anthrax.htm (1997 words)

	Howstuffworks "How Anthrax Works"
		Anthrax is a disease caused not by a virus, but rather by bacteria.
		There aren't any known cases of anthrax passing from one person to another, so it is considered to be noncontagious.
		While in the ground or on a surface, anthrax spores are relatively harmless, but once they come into contact with the right environment they begin to germinate.
	www.howstuffworks.com /anthrax.htm (209 words)

	eMedicine – Anthrax Infection : Anthrax Disease Information, Anthrax Pictures and Facts : Article by Hilarie ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Anthrax is described in the Old Testament, by the poet Virgil, and by the Egyptians.
		Anthrax is differentiated from other gram-positive rods on culture by lack of hemolysis and motility and by preferential growth on phenylethyl alcohol blood agar with characteristic gelatin hydrolysis and salicin fermentation.
		Anthrax toxins are composed of 3 entities: a protective antigen, a lethal factor, and an edema factor.
	www.emedicine.com /emerg/topic864.htm (5231 words)

	Anthrax - Asthma symptoms, relief therapies, treatment and medications on MedicineNet.com
		Anthrax is a highly infectious disease that normally affects animals, especially ruminants (such as goats, cattle, sheep, and horses), but which can be transmitted to humans by contact with infected animals or their products or by biological warfare.
		The spores of anthrax, once inhaled, can result with disease in the lungs (referred to as pulmonary anthrax of woolsorter's disease), which is often fatal.
		Anthrax is now rare in humans in the United States and comparable countries.
	www.medicinenet.com /anthrax/article.htm (308 words)

	Amazon.com: Music: Spreading the Disease (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Anthrax never really tried to return to this style, and although most of their material that followed was very good, they still haven't matched this album's quality or consistency (although SOUND OF WHITE NOISE came close).
		Anthrax had nearly reached the pinnacle of their abilities with this album and the debut of vocalist Joey Belladona.
		Anthrax, in the early days of the band at least, were always adept at staying one jump ahead of the pack.
	www.amazon.com /exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/B000001FFR?v=glance (1760 words)

	Virtual Naval Hospital: General Medical Officer Manual: Clinical Section (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		To produce disease, the anthrax spore must be ingested, inhaled, or enter the body through a break in the skin.
		In inhalation anthrax, death results from a combination of respiratory failure with pulmonary edema, overwhelming bacteremia, and often, meningitis.
		If an anthrax exposure is detected, and confirmed, oral antibiotic treatment should be initiated immediately using ciprofloxacin 500 mg orally twice a day, or doxycycline 100 mg orally twice a day for at least 30 days.
	www.vnh.org /GMO/ClinicalSection/27Anthrax.html (603 words)

	Time for Kids \| News
		A disease called anthrax has been in the news ever since a man in Florida came down with a case of it last month.
		Anthrax is a disease caused by the presence of certain bacteria in the body.
		Anthrax on the skin is the least dangerous and most easily treatable form of the disease.
	www.timeforkids.com /TFK/news/story/0,6260,180228,00.html (600 words)

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