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Topic: Antiphonal psalmody

	Antiphon - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		An antiphon is a response, usually sung in Gregorian chant, to a psalm or some other part of a religious service, such as at Vespers or at a Mass.
		In particular, antiphonal psalmody is the singing or musical playing of psalms by alternating groups of performers.
		Antiphon can also be used outside of a strict musical or liturgical context to mean a more general response.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Antiphon (442 words)

	Antiphon (in Greek Liturgy)
		The essence of antiphonal psalmody consists in the alternation set up between the soloists and the choir in the rendering of a psalm.
		This does not, however, imply that the antiphonal chanting of psalms was a novelty in the fourth century, since it was used in the Synagogue, and it is not at all likely that the Church would have waited so long before assimilating a practice highly conducive to the due order of public prayer.
		The structure of the antiphon thus consists of hymn-like strophes, interspersed with verses of Scripture, whereas the response is drawn from the psalm itself.
	www.catholicity.com /encyclopedia/a/antiphon_in_greek_liturgy.html (759 words)

	Antiphon -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-09)
		The word Antiphon is of (A native or inhabitant of Greece) Greek origin, αντί(opposite) + φωνη(sound).
		In particular, antiphonal psalmody is the (The act of singing vocal music) singing or musical playing of (One of the 150 lyrical poems and prayers that comprise the Book of Psalms in the Old Testament; said to have been written by David) psalms by alternating groups of performers.
		Antiphon can also be used outside of a strict musical or (additional info and facts about liturgical) liturgical context to mean a more general response.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/a/an/antiphon.htm (341 words)

	© Barbara Haggh and Michel Huglo, 29 October, 2004
		Whereas the psalm is recited by a lector or psalmist in responsorial singing, in antiphonal singing two equal sides of a choir of clerics or monks sang the psalm verses in alternation.
		The antiphon was repeated after the doxology concluding the psalm recitation in antiphonal psalmody by the alternating half-choirs.
		To the contrary, in antiphonal psalmody, the antiphon sung by the schola imposes the choice of the psalm tone to be sung by the two half-choirs.
	www.music.umd.edu /Faculty/haggh-huglo/barbtwo.html (5036 words)

	chanting08
		Antiphonal performance implies the alternation of two half-choirs, either in singing the verses of the psalm itself, or in singing an additional verse set to a simple, free melody (an antiphon) before, between, and after the verses of the psalm.
		Antiphonal psalmody played an important role in the daily Offices and in the early form of the Mass.
		The antiphon naturally ends on the final of the mode, and the intonation for the first psalm verse provides a smooth transition to the tenor of the psalm tone.
	www.geocities.com /shusem81/chanting08 (521 words)

	Antiphon (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-09)
		India Abroad 02-26-1999 Antiphon: A tale of two accidental statesmenHistory is not an event, but a process.
		India Abroad 12-25-1998 Antiphon: India persists with its `original sin' in the GulfIt is said that the art of newspaper paragraphing is to stroke a platitude until...
		India Abroad 09-11-1998 Antiphon: A leader as role model; The Naidu prospectIt is astonishing how a nation of nearly a billion people neither has, nor seeks, role...
	hallencyclopedia.com /Antiphon (546 words)

	Hortulus: The Online Graduate Journal of Medieval Studies
		In direct psalmody, all of the verses of the text were sung straight through with no textual additions.
		In antiphonal psalmody, the verses of the psalm were sung alternately by two halves of the choir, often interspersed with a short additional verse with a contrasting melody called an antiphon.
		In responsorial psalmody, the text of the psalm was sung solo, usually by a celebrant, with ensemble responses from the chorus or congregation after each verse.
	hortulus.net /jan05journal/stillman.html (5499 words)

	Psalmody
		The Psalmody and the Canticles are sung antiphonally, i.e.
		Antiphonal Psalmody is, furthermore, to be divided by whole verse: each half-choir sings one whole Psalm-verse, in the middle of which (at the star *) a breathing pause is made.
		It contradicts the musical essence of the Psalmody to sing responsively by half-verse, so that the one choir would always begin a verse, increasing musical tension, and the other would end the verse, releasing musical tension.
	www.llpb.us /psalmody.htm (2139 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-09)
		Antiphonal psalmody and hymns were first present in Syria and then spread to Milan and further west.
		Antiphonal psalmody was also evident in the Jewish temples.
		Antiphonal singing means that two choruses sing "back and forth" to each other, much as an echo, though not always identical music.
	www.yourchurchnews.com /sites/MFC (1219 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-09)
		In direct psalmody the words are sung in simple syllabic style without any additional material, the verses shared alternately between a solo and group or a divided chorus (men versus women and children in the early days).
		In responsorial psalmody the whole was sung by a solo cantor while the congregation responded with a single word, often alleluia or amen after each verse.
		In antiphonal psalmody a short sentence was introduced for all to sing before and after the psalm.
	classicfoxusa.com /albums/cfr0359.htm (673 words)

	psalmody -- Britannica Concise Encyclopedia - The online encyclopedia you can trust! (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-09)
		Another method, antiphonal psalmody, was the alternation by two half choirs in the singing of psalm lines or half lines (see antiphon).
		These methods of psalmody were adopted by the early Christian Church in the East and West.
		Early Christian psalmody was the germ from which evolved both the classical Gregorian chant and also the Byzantine, Ambrosian, and other Christian chants (see also psalm tone).
	www.britannica.com /ebc/article-9061679 (460 words)

	psalmody -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		The alternation of soloist and chorus was called responsorial psalmody (see responsory).
		Another method, antiphonal psalmody, was the alternation by two…
		Another method, antiphonal psalmody, was the alternation by two half choirs in...
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9061679 (243 words)

	Jacob's Well :: Articles 1996-Fall :: David Drillock :: Music in the Worship of the Church
		Distinguished from responsorial psalmody, the antiphonal form called for the division of the people into two choirs, each of which responded alternately with a short, common refrain to psalm verses chanted by one (or two) soloist chanters.
		This antiphonal format is used at the beginning of the Divine Liturgy (in the Greek tradition) and at liturgies on Feast-days of the Lord (in the Slavic tradition).
		Germanus writes in his commentary on the Liturgy that "the antiphons of the Liturgy are the prophecies of the prophets, foretelling the coming of the Son of God" [6].
	www.jacwell.org /articles/1996-FALL-Drillock.html (3286 words)

	Ecclesiastical Chant and Music
		Soon the Greek practice of alternate or antiphonal singing was introduced in the communities of Gentile Christians and developed in accordance with the spirit of the Church.
		Development in the chanting of antiphons led to greater variety in chanting psalms, so that the number of tones was increased to eight.
		The former introduced antiphonal psalmody in Milan; the latter determined the texts of the chant which were to be used at a solemn Papal Mass.
	www.cmri.org /08-ecc_chant_music.html (2694 words)

	Please title this page. (grout2.html) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-09)
		Compline inlcudes the singing of the Marian antiphons, one for each specific time of the church year.
		Introit: originally an entire psalm with antiphon chanted during the entrance of the priest.
		A form similar to the antiphon: a short verse is sung by a soloist and repeated by
	www.nv.cc.va.us /home/jwulff/grout2.html (1091 words)

	Gimell CDGIM 017 Notes
		The chant is begun by the 'rulers' (leaders) of the choir, and is composed of an antiphon surrounding a psalm verse and the doxology.
		It is sung antiphonally, and bells are rung to emphasize the festal nature of the chant.
		The Offertory was originally a lengthy example of antiphonal psalmody, but was made shorter when the practice of omitting verses became standard.
	www.gimell.com /Database/ReleaseNotes/017notes.html (1120 words)

	ORB: The Medieval Mass and Its Music
		As understood by the Middle Ages, an "antiphon" consisted of a short sentence or phrase, usually biblical but on feasts of the saints often referring to events in the life of that saint, which is set to a simple musical phrase.
		This practice declined, however, and throughout most of the Middle Ages "antiphonal psalmody" signified a mode of performance in which successive verses of the psalms were sung by two choirs standing or sitting opposite each other.
		Since the purpose of the introit was to accompany the procession of clergy from the vesting area to the altar, its length varied according to need, depending on the size of the church building and the number of clergy and assistants in the procession.
	www.the-orb.net /encyclop/culture/music/orbdyer.html (10992 words)

	Confessions of a Recovering Choir Director: A question about chant (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-09)
		As Aris has pointed out in another forum, I believe it is possible to translate the Antiphon into the vernacular, and to present it to the congregation so that they, too, may be able to join in, in formats such as a simple chant, Taize, or a simple praise and worship format.
		There is no suggestion that the Antiphon, in the texts, must be sung by the choir only, so Todd is not having it both ways, as you assume.
		Please continue the communion antiphon discussion on this thread, and keep future comments relevant to the actual post.
	www.cantemusdomino.net /blog/archives/001410.php (4197 words)

	CDGFS for Listening/Score Examples:
		C=anon.; D=800 A.D.; G=Vespers antiphon and psalm; F=antiphon—psalm—Gloria patri—antiphon; S=the antiphon is a monophonic Gregorian chant that has a syllabic text-setting and a medium range.
		C=anon.; D=800 A.D.; G=Vespers antiphon and canticle; F=antiphon—canticle—Gloria patri—antiphon; S=the antiphon is a monophonic Gregorian chant that has a neumatic text-setting and an extended range.
		1100; G=Marian votive antiphon; F=a varied musical repetition in the first two phrase that mirrors a poetic rhyme in the text; the remainder is through-composed; S=medium range, neumatic text-setting style.
	www.u.arizona.edu /~brobeck/330-00/330cdgfs.htm (4459 words)

	Musical Forms - Psalm
		In the Eastern churches they are seldom sung entire; in Western churches they are sung complete or a few verses of a psalm are sung in an antiphonal or responsorial chant.
		By the time of Gregory I (circa 600), the Mass and Office had assumed a fixed shape and antiphonal psalmody (the chanting of a psalm alternately by two choirs) and responsorial psalmody (when the congregation responded to a psalm sung by a cantor) were institutionalized.
		The stabilization of psalmody between Gregory I and the 11th century is known from the service book for Mass and Office, theoretical writings and the tonaries, which categorized chants by mode and specified the ending of the psalm tone for each antiphon.
	w3.rz-berlin.mpg.de /cmp/g_psalm.html (572 words)

	chant (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-09)
		There are three main forms of psalmody: antiphonal, in which two halves of a choir sing psalm verses in alternation with a refrain (antiphon); responsorial, in which one or more soloists alternate with the choir in singing psalm verses and a refrain (respond); and direct, in which the cantors sing verses without a refrain.
		Non-psalmodic forms include the strophic form of the hymn, in which a single melody is repeated for all strophes; the sequence, in which there is repetition within each couplet; the repetitive forms of the Kyrie and Agnus Dei; and the non-repetitive forms of the Sanctus, Gloria and Credo.
		Each family of chant is characterized by a specific melodic type: antiphons and psalms are normally set syllabically, introits, Sanctus and Agnus Dei melodies are neumatic, and graduals, alleluias and offertories contain extensive melismas.
	www.ced.appstate.edu /intercollege/3850/studwork/medieval/guide/exa/chant.htm (687 words)

	Hymnology: Metrical Psalmody
		In the Eastern (Orthodox) churches psalms are seldom sung entire; in Western churches they are sung complete or a few verses of a psalm are sung in an antiphonal or responsorial chant.
		By the time of Gregory I (circa 600), the Mass and Office had assumed a fixed shape and antiphonal psalmody (the chanting of a psalm alternately by two choirs) and responsorial psalmody (when the congregation responded to a psalm sung by a cantor) were institutionalized.The distinction between these types later faded.
		Exegetes who find metre in the Psalms are of four schools, according as they explain Hebrew metre by quantity, by the number of syllables, by accent, or by both quantity and accent.
	www.smithcreekmusic.com /Hymnology/Metrical.Psalmody/metrical.psalmody.html (855 words)

	Life and Times of Jesus the Messiah - Chapter 12
		To be more precise: the words which, filled with the Holy Ghost, she spake, were the mother's utterance, to the mother, of the homage which her unborn babe offered to his Lord; while the answering hymn of Mary was the offering of that homage unto God.
		It was the antiphonal morning-psalmody of the Messianic day as it broke, of which the words were still all of the old dispensation, [1 The poetic grandeur and the Old Testament cast of the Virgin's hymn (comp.
		Perhaps it would read fullest and best by trying to recall what must have been its Hebrew original.] but their music of the new; the keynote being that of 'favour,' 'grace,' struck by the Angel in his first salutation: 'favour' to the Virgin; [a 1st stanza vv.
	www.godrules.net /library/lifetimes/lifetimes12.htm (3899 words)

	Antiphon - Indopedia, the Indological knowledgebase
		The word Antiphon is of Greek origin, αντί(opposite) + φωνη(sound).
		This is particularly common in the Anglican musical tradition, where the choir divides into two equal halves on opposite sides of the quire.
		Recommended Font to see diacritics - VU Arial.
	www.indopedia.org /Antiphon.html (411 words)

	The Church of the Holy Communion
		This developed into “responsorial psalmody” in the Christian liturgy where a cantor sings the first line and the congregation the second.
		Responsorial Psalmody is particularly appropriate to the Psalms in that they are usually divided into two parallel phrases, the second half reiterating, continuing, or amplifying the theme of the first.
		As the early Church spread through Asia Minor and westward into Europe and Africa it “inherited” musical styles/forms.
	www.holycomm.org /music.htm (637 words)

	Comparative Arts: A CyberEd Course: Part 3: Early Christian and Byzantine Music: P.1
		The psalms were sung in two ways: antiphonally and responsorially.
		When the two choruses sing alternate verses, then join together in a refrain on the word alleluia after each verse, the practice is referred to as antiphonal psalmody.
		When the celebrant chants one verse as a solo, and the choirs perform the next in union, it is called responsorial psalmody.
	www.uml.edu /dept/history/arthistory/compart/3christ.html (1655 words)

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