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	Antipodes - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In geography, the antipodes (from Greek anti- "opposed" and pous "foot") of any place on Earth is its antipodal point; that is, the region on the Earth's surface which is diametrically opposite to it.
		The antipodes of any place on the Earth is the place which is diametrically opposite it — so situated that a line drawn from the one to the other passes through the centre of the Earth and forms a true diameter.
		The antipodes of any place on Earth must be distant from it by 180° of longitude, and must be as many degrees to the north of the equator as the original is to the south; in other words, the latitudes are numerically equal, but one is north and the other south.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Antipodes (1173 words)

	Antipodal point (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Antipodal points on the surface of a sphere are diametrically opposite; on the other side of a globe.
		More generally, in mathematics, antipodal points on a sphere of any dimension are those opposite through the centre; for example, taking the centre as origin, they are points with related vectorss v and −v.
		An antipodal point is sometimes called an antipode, a back-formed word that originated from the mistaken idea that antipodes is the plural of antipode.
	www.bidprobe.com /en/wikipedia/a/an/antipodal_point.html (224 words)

	Antipodal point - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In mathematics, the antipodal point of a point on the surface of a sphere is the point which is diametrically opposite it — so situated that a line drawn from the one to the other passes through the centre of the sphere and forms a true diameter.
		An antipodal point is sometimes called an antipode, a back-formation from the Greek loan word antipodes, which originally meant "opposite the feet."
		In mathematics, the concept of antipodal points is generalized to spheres of any dimension: two points on the sphere are antipodal if they are opposite through the centre; for example, taking the centre as origin, they are points with related vectors v and −v.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Antipodal_point (326 words)

	Antipodal point (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		More generally, in mathematics, antipodal points on a sphere of any dimension are those opposite through the centre; for example,taking the centre as origin, they are points with related vectors v and −v.
		If one wants toconsider antipodal points as identified, one passes to projectivespace (see also projective Hilbert space, forthis idea as applied in quantum mechanics).
		An antipodal point is sometimes called an antipode, a back-formed word that originated from the mistaken idea that antipodes is the plural ofantipode.
	www.therfcc.org /antipodal-point-76790.html (219 words)

	antipodalmaps (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		The antipodal area is that part of the southern hemisphere that is the exact opposite side of the world.
		If there is no antipodal land situated on top of where you are now, the piece of antipodal land that is closest to your present position on the antipodal map is the piece of land that is furthest away from you.
		Antipodal zones of western Canada: A map with colour coded zones that tell you exactly where the furthest point of land from you is, without you having to eyeball it.
	web.uvic.ca /~stucraw/antipodalmaps.html (305 words)

	Real projective space
		and merely identify antipodal points on the bounding equator.
		The antipodal map on the n-sphere (the map sending x to â’x) generates a Z
		A generator for the fundamental group is thee closed curve obtained by projecting any curve connecting antipodal points in S
	www.algebra.com /algebra/about/history/Real-projective-space.wikipedia (230 words)

	Online Encyclopedia and Dictionary - Antipodal point
		The Antipodes Islands lie off the south coast of New Zealand, supposedly at the antipodal point to Great Britain.
		Their true antipodal point is near Cherbourg, France.
		Antipode map (find the antipode of any place on Earth)
	www.fact-archive.com /encyclopedia/Antipode (419 words)

	Antipodal Focusing of Planetary Impact Energy
		The antipode is the point opposite another point on a sphere.
		For a location on a planet with coordinates (lat, lon), the antipode is at a location (-lat, lon-180°).
		One theory is that seismic energy from the impact itself converged (focused) at the antipode to disrupt the terrain there.
	shiro.wustl.edu /research/antipode (111 words)

	[No title]
		Then any antipodal pair of points sent to the same point must either come from such a pair in the m-skeleton, which we assumed would not happen, or they would be opposite centers of (m+1)-cells.
		Every point in the m-skeleton is within sqrt(m)/2 of a vertex, and the gradient of the distance between the images of antipodal vertices is at most 2sqrt(m), so the nearest vertices to the antipodal pair in the m-skeleton are sent to points at distance at most m.
		If this point is the one sent to the same point as its antipode, then its image will be far from the images of all of the vertices of that cell, and their antipodes might be just as far in the other direction.
	www.math.niu.edu /~rusin/known-math/99/borsuklike (596 words)

	Hard-Core-DX.com: Antipodal Focusing
		Antipodal focusing is an accepted propagation mode in the MF/HF frequency SWL and amateur radio communities and many stories abound concerning very long range reception of relatively weak transmitted signals at high strength levels.
		The heterogeneous ionosphere will allow for antipodal focusing on HF but in practice true antipodal focusing is a rare.
		At MF the propagation mechanisms mistaken for antipodal focusing are chordal hopping and ionosphere layer ducting.
	archive.hard-core-dx.com /channels/propagation/2004-10/20041025141603117.html (447 words)

	ANTIPODAL HOTSPOTS, LARGE IGNEOUS PROVINCES, AND SEA-LEVEL CHANGES: VESTIGES OF OCEANIC LARGE-BODY IMPACTS?
		The available ages, or estimated minimum age ranges, for both hotspots of an antipodal pair tend to be similar (≤10 Myr difference) or overlap.
		Monte Carlo analyses indicate that the primary antipodal hotspot pairs and their ages are not due to chance at the >99.9% confidence level (p<0.001).
		Numerical models indicate that large oceanic impacts (~10-km-diameter bolide) penetrate well into the upper mantle (~40-km depth), eject mostly water or water vapor from the transient crater, and generate megatsunami (~4 km initial height) capable of coastal stratigraphic effects on a global scale.
	gsa.confex.com /gsa/2004AM/finalprogram/abstract_78207.htm (473 words)

	Borsuk-Ulam Theorem
		The Borsuk-Ulam Theorem states that any continuous function from an n-sphere into Euclidean n-space maps some pair of antipodal points to the same point.
		(Two points on a sphere are called antipodal if they sit on directly opposite sides of the sphere's center.)
		The case n = 2 is often illustrated by saying that at any moment there is always a pair of antipodal points on the Earth's surface with equal temperature and equal barometric pressure.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/bo/Borsuk-Ulam_Theorem.html (102 words)

	YourArt.com >> Encyclopedia >> antipodes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		If the coordinates (longitude and latitude) of a point on the Earthâs surface are (x, y), then the coordinates of the antipodal point can be written as (x Â± 180Â°, −y).
		''De Civitate Dei'', Book XVI, Chapter 9 â” ''Whether We are to Believe in the Antipodes'', translated by Rev.
		Antipodes map Interactive maps to locate antipodal map locations Category:Physical geography
	www.yourart.com /research/encyclopedia.cgi?subject=/antipodes (1151 words)

	Geometry of the Sphere 2.
		These planes must intersect in a line in space, which of course interesects the sphere in two antipodal points.
		Another example of an isometry is the antipodal map, which maps a point onto the point on the other side of the sphere.
		Any two great circles meet in two antipodal points, and divide the sphere into four regions each of which has two sides which are segments of great circles.
	math.rice.edu /~pcmi/sphere/gos2.html (642 words)

	Re: antipodal effects (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Not only was Australia much closer > to the antipodal impact site, there are no flood basalts of that age in > that area.
		If the asteroid/comet was the size of the moon, however, then there might have been an antipodal effect similar to a marble bouncing off a tomato.
		Even if the asteroid/comet penetrated the crust, the effect would be similar to an earthquake, or a nuclear explosion (more likely as the seismic waves would be equal in all directions) to form doughnut and circular shadow zones by refraction (at least that is my guess based on the internal structure of the Earth).
	dinosaurmailinglist.cmnh.org /1995Sep/msg00402.html (190 words)

	Atlantis and the Earth's Shifting Crust (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Heard Island is antipodal to the Canadian province of Saskatchewan which was under ice 12,000 years ago.
		This fits the antipodal criteria used as evidence for a crustal shift on Mars.
		is antipodal to the areas in the north which were teeming with temperate adapted creatures such as those in Arctic Norway, Alaska, Siberia and Beringia.
	www.flem-ath.com /del12.htm (346 words)

	Antipodal Hotspot Pairs
		"The observed number of antipodal hotspot pairs depends on the maximum allowable deviation from exact antipodality, At a maximum deviation of 700 km, 26% to 37% of hotspots form antipodal pairs in the published lists examined here, significantly more than would be expected from the general hotspot distribution.
		Two possible mechanisms that might create such a distribution include: (1) symmetry in the generation of mantle plumes; and (2) melting related to antipodal focusing of seismic energy from large-body impacts."
		On the moon, the magcons (magnetic concentrations) seem to be located diametrically opposite large lunar impact basins.
	www.science-frontiers.com /sf088/sf088g12.htm (193 words)

	Peakbagger.com-The Other Side of the World
		These uninhabited islands are the only land antipodal to land in the contiguous 48 United States: A slice of far northern Montana is directly opposite the Kerguelen Islands, while St. Paul and Amsterdam Islands are opposite southeastern Colorado.
		Outside the "Lower 48", far northern Alaksa is opposite coastal East Antarctica, and Hawaii is antipodal to the Kalahari Desert in northern Botswana.
		Since about 80% of the world's land is antipodal to ocean, this list is necessarily very short.
	www.peakbagger.com /pbgeog/worldrev.aspx (366 words)

	Optimization Online - Improved linear programming bounds for antipodal spherical codes
		We consider a modification of the bounding procedure that is applicable to {\em antipodal} codes; that is, codes where $x\in C\implies -x\in C$.
		Such codes correspond to packings of lines in the unit sphere, and include all codes obtained as the collection of minimal vectors in a lattice.
		We also show that for $n=4$, 6 and 7 the antipodal codes with maximal kissing numbers are essentially unique, and correspond to the minimal vectors in the laminated lattices $\Lambda_n$.
	www.optimization-online.org /DB_HTML/2001/01/248.html (214 words)

	THREADS - ESRI Discussion Forums
		Circles can be created using a radius specified by the half-distance of the largest antipodal axis and centering the circle at this point.
		The question then is what is the relationship between the original polygon bounds, the convex hull, the bounding rectangle (determined using a rotating calipers approach), the antipodal axis and distance.
		Thus, you cannot generally assume that the antipodal points define the diameter of the minimum enclosing disk.
	forums.esri.com /Thread.asp?c=3&f=38&t=76161&mc=8 (1280 words)

	Amazon.com: antipodal (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		On the antipodal relations of the New Zealand earthquake district of 10th June, 1886, with that of andalucia of 25th December, 1884 by J. P O'Reilly (Unknown Binding - Jan 1, 1887)
		Set of equal-value antipodal points for two continuous distributions (Harvard papers in theoretical geography: geography and the properties of surfaces series; paper) (Harvard papers in theoretical geography: geography and the properties of surfaces series; paper) by Carlos Ernesto S Lindgren (Unknown Binding - Jan 1, 1969)
		A comparison of antipodal faunas (Memoirs of the National Academy of Sciences) (Memoirs of the National Academy of Sciences) by Theodore Gill (Unknown Binding - Jan 1, 1893)
	www.amazon.com /s?ie=UTF8&search-alias=aps&keywords=antipodal&page=1 (317 words)

	CiteULike: Correlations between magnetic anomalies and surface geology antipodal to lunar impact basins (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		A statistical correlation between all geologic units and regions of medium to high magnetization when high-albedo features are present (antipodal to Orientale) may suggest a deep, possibly seismic origin to the anomalies.
		Unusual geologic terranes, interpreted to be of seismic or ejecta origin associated with the antipodal basins, have been mapped antipodal to both Orientale and Imbrium.
		Results indicate that both of the unusual antipode terranes and Mare Ingenii (antipodal to Imbrium) show a correlation with high-magnitude crustal magnetic anomalies.
	www.citeulike.org /user/Hoshichan/article/481251 (526 words)

	Genes Specific for the Biosynthesis of Clavam Metabolites Antipodal to Clavulanic Acid Are Clustered with the Gene for ...
		Genes Specific for the Biosynthesis of Clavam Metabolites Antipodal to Clavulanic Acid Are Clustered with the Gene for Clavaminate Synthase 1 in Streptomyces clavuligerus -- Mosher et al.
		Genes Specific for the Biosynthesis of Clavam Metabolites Antipodal to Clavulanic Acid Are Clustered with the Gene for Clavaminate Synthase 1 in Streptomyces clavuligerus
		Probable role of clavaminic acid as the terminal intermediate in the common pathway to clavulanic acid and the antipodal clavam metabolites.
	aac.asm.org /cgi/content/full/43/5/1215 (5616 words)

	Where is your Antipodal Point?! (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		It stems from and relates to, -the various discussions we've had lately, -about where we are on the ETS map.
		Therefore, I must go 40 degrees SOUTH Latitude, and 180 degrees of Longitude either East or West of myself, -in order to be at my own particular Antipodal Point, -off on the other side of the World.
		Antipodally speaking, that is. Jerusalem, for example, comes out at an obscure, edge area of the Polynesian Pacific archipelago.
	www.equipped.org /ubbthreads/printthread.php?Board=campfire&main=56402&type=post (592 words)

	MATHEMATICA BOHEMICA, Vol. 127, No. 1, pp. 57-69, 2002 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Abstract: A radio antipodal coloring of a connected graph $G$ with diameter $d$ is an assignment of positive integers to the vertices of $G$, with $x \in V(G)$ assigned $c(x)$, such that $$ d(u, v) + c(u) -c(v)
		The radio antipodal coloring number $\ac (c)$ of a radio antipodal coloring $c$ of $G$ is the maximum color assigned to a vertex of $G$.
		Furthermore, upper and lower bounds for radio antipodal chromatic numbers of graphs are given in terms of their diameter and other invariants.
	www.emis.de /journals/MB/127.1/7.html (195 words)

	MW - Antipode Maps
		Pretty much all of the continental United States has antipodal points in the middle of the Indian Ocean.
		Antipodal points for Ile Amsterdam (Mapquest Map of N 37°50', W -103°35') and
		There's also Kerguelen Island, which has it's antipode on the Montana-Alberta border, and some tiny islands off its northern coast which have antipodes in Montana.
	www.matthewweathers.com /year2004/antipode_maps.htm (351 words)

	"V51B-0581" in fm04 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		AB: One aspect of the hotspot distribution that has received little attention is its antipodal character.
		In addition, the available ages, or estimated minimum age ranges, for both hotspots of an antipodal pair tend to be similar ($\leq$10 Myr difference) or overlap.
		Monte Carlo analyses indicate that the primary antipodal hotspot pairs and their ages are not due to chance at the $>$99.9% confidence level ({\it p}$
	www.agu.org /cgi-bin/wais?bb=V51B-0581 (154 words)

	"P23A-0226" in fm04 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Only these areas have been selected due to a) limited Lunar Prospector magnetometer data coverage of the area antipodal to Serenitatis, and b) the location of the Crisium antipode, which is dominated by ejecta deposits from the more recent Orientale impact.
		Unusual geologic terranes have been mapped antipodal to both Orientale (furrowed and pitted terrane) and Imbrium (material of grooves and mounds).
		Mare Ingenii is on the south west edge of the material of grooves and mounds and may overlay that unit, with the anomaly sources beneath the mare materials.
	www.agu.org /cgi-bin/wais?bb=P23A-0226 (352 words)

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