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	Antipope Benedict X - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		When, on his return to Rome, he heard of Benedict's election, he decided to oppose it, and obtained the support of the Duke of Lorraine-Tuscany and Empress Agnes for the election of Gerhard of Burgundy, Bishop of Florence, as Pope instead.
		Benedict was then allowed to go free, and he retired to one of his family estates; but Hildebrand then had him imprisoned in 1060 in the hospice of St.
		The most important consequence of the affair of Benedict X was the adoption of new laws on papal elections, at a synod hosted by Nicholas II in the Lateran Palace at Easter 1059.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Antipope_Benedict_X (367 words)

	Benedict - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Benedict, from the Latin for blessed, is the name of many notable men.
		The most prominent at the beginning of the 21st century is Pope Benedict XVI, who chose this name for himself after his election to the papacy.
		Benedict is the first name of Benedict Arnold, the most notorious traitor in American history, his ancestor, a colonial Rhode Island governor, and a congressman named for him.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Benedict (274 words)

	WUSA - Print Story
		The next Benedict reigned for one year, from 684 to 685, which was apparently long enough to earn him the honor as patron saint of Europe.
		Benedict XI, who ruled from 1303 to 1304, was known as a scholar and a peacemaker.
		The last Benedict, Pope Benedict XV, ruled from 1914 to 1922 and was known for his Papal Peace proposal to bring an end to War War I. Benedict XV was a moderate and known as a humanitarian.
	www.wusatv9.com /printfullstory.aspx?storyid=38978 (417 words)

	The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church - Creations of Cardinals of the XI Century
		It was supressed in 1432 by Pope Eugenius IV (1431-1447) who donated the church to the Benedictines of Monte Cassino to avoid the conflicts of jurisdiction between the cardinal deacon and the monks.
		Antipope Honorius II, Bishop Cadalo (or Pietro Cadalus, or Cadalous) of Parma, was not a cardinal when he was nominated by Empress Agnes and elected by a miscellaneous assembly in Basle on October 28, 1061.
		Antipope Clement III, Archbishop Guibert (or Wibert) of Ravenna, was not a cardinal when King Henry IV of Germany had him elected pope on June 25, 1080.
	www.fiu.edu /~mirandas/consistories-xi.htm (6224 words)

	Antipope Benedict XIII Biography (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Antipope Benedict XIII, born Pedro de Luna, a Spaniard, was chosen by the French cardinals on the death of Clement VII in 1394.
		On the death of Urban VI in 1389 the Italian cardinals had chosen Boniface IX; the election of Benedict therefore perpetuated the Papal Schism.
		Benedict abdicated in 1417, but was recognised by Scotland and Spain until his death in 1424.
	www.biographybase.com /biography/Benedict_XIII_Antipope.html (148 words)

	Antipope Benedict X -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		However, a number of Cardinals alleged that the election was irregular, and that votes had been bought; these cardinals were forced to flee (Capital and largest city of Italy; on the Tiber; seat of the Roman Catholic Church; formerly the capital of the Roman Republic and the Roman Empire) Rome.
		Having arrived in Rome, Nicholas then proceeded to wage war against Benedict and his supporters, with (An inhabitant of Normandy) Norman assistance.
		An initial battle was fought in Campagna in early 1059, which was not wholly successful for Nicholas; but later that same year, his forces conquered (Click link for more info and facts about Praeneste) Praeneste, Tusculum and Numentanum, and then attacked Galeria, forcing Benedict to surrender and renounce the Papacy.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/a/an/antipope_benedict_x.htm (268 words)

	A guide to popes through the ages who, like Cardinal Ratzinger, have taken the name Benedict. -- Beliefnet.com
		The 144th pope, Benedict VIII, son of Gregory, Count of Tusculum, was a layman who became the first of the Tusculan popes.
		Nicholas II excommunicated Benedict X and forced him to flee to the castle of Gerard of Galeria.
		Benedict X was imprisoned and died in the hospice of St. Agnese.
	www.beliefnet.com /story/165/story_16542_2.html (606 words)

	Benedict - Encyclopedia Glossary Meaning Explanation Benedict (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Benedict, from the Latin for blessed, is the name of many notable people.
		Pope Benedict* IX Pope Benedict* X* Pope Benedict* XI Pope Benedict* XII
		Benedict should not be confused with Benedict Arnold, the most notorious traitor in American history.
	www.encyclopedia-glossary.com /en/Benedict.html (153 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: St. Peter Damian
		The Cardinal of Ostia was vigorous in his opposition to the antipope Benedict X, but force was on the side of the intruder and Damian retired to Fonte-Avallana.
		While he was in France the antipope Cadalous had again become active in his attempts to gain Rome, and Damian brought upon himself a sharp reproof from Alexander and Hildebrand for twice imprudently appealing to the royal power to judge the case anew.
		In 1067 the cardinal was sent to Florence to settle the dispute between the bishop and the monks of Vallombrosa, who accused the former of simony.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/11764a.htm (1886 words)

	Cultural Catholic - Pope Nicholas II
		Notwithstanding Pope Stephen IX’s deathbed dictum, the anti-reformist faction proclaimed the Bishop of Velletri, Italy to be Pope Benedict X on April 5, 1058.
		The reformist cardinals refused to recognize Pope Benedict X, and when Cardinal Hildebrand returned, he was enraged.
		A synod was held at Sutri, Italy in early January 1059 where the antipope, Benedict X, was deposed and excommunicated.
	www.culturalcatholic.com /PopeNicholasII.htm (392 words)

	Nicholas II (d. 1061) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		1000-1058), in opposition to Antipope Benedict X. (d.
		In January 1059 Benedict was expelled from the papacy.
		At the Lateran Council of April 1059, a milestone in papal history, Nicholas promulgated his famous bull on papal elections (April 13); he did so in reaction to the disorders that interrupted his own election.
	www.hfac.uh.edu /gbrown/philosophers/leibniz/BritannicaPages/PopeNicholas-II/PopeNicholas-II.html (264 words)

	Ignatius Press Home
		This is a glorious volume from the new Pope Benedict XVI, who pays tribute to his predecessor, mentor and close friend, Pope John Paul II.
		As Cardinal Ratzinger he was the closest Vatican prelate to John Paul II, working together with him for almost 25 years in the Vatican.
		This formal portrait of Pope Benedict XVI features the same Papal image displayed in the National Basilica of the Immaculate Conception, Washington D.C., and is a dignified addition to any parish or home.
	www.ignatius.com (662 words)

	AllRefer.com - Popes of the Roman Catholic Church (table) - Encyclopedia
		Antipopes : i.e., those men whose elections have been declared uncanonical : are indicated.
		Leo VII, 96365, or Benedict V, 96466 (one of these was an antipope)
		antipope: Benedict XIII, 13941423 (see Luna, Pedro de)
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/P/popesTABLE.html (210 words)

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