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Topic: Antipsychotic drugs

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	Antipsychotic - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Common conditions with which antipsychotics might be used include schizophrenia, mania and delusional disorder, although antipsychotics might be used to counter psychosis associated with a wide range of other diagnoses.
		Antipsychotics also have some effects as mood stabilizers, leading to their frequent use in treating mood disorder (particularly bipolar disorder) even when no signs of psychosis are present.
		The newer atypical antipsychotics are supposedly rationally designed drugs in which a theoretical understanding of both the condition to be treated and the effect of certain molecules on the body is used to develop potential new drug candidates.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Antipsychotic (1494 words)

	Antipsychotic Drugs (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Antipsychotic drugs had a transformational effect upon the treatment of schizophrenia, in 1956, after the introduction of the first antipsychotic drug, chlorpromazine, despite a doubling in the numbers of admissions to state hospitals, patient populations began a down turn that led to only 222,000 patients in 1983.
		Antipsychotics, drugs are used therapeutically in the treatment of individuals who have been diagnosed with a psychosis, are often known as major tranquilizers, neuroleptics, or psychotropics, they do not cause euphoria and are not reinforcers and therefore not encountered as drugs of abuse.
		Antipsychotic drugs are further categorized as being standard, classical or traditional agents, such as the phenothiazines, in which their therapeutic effects on positive symptoms, cannot be separated from motor side effects, such as Tardive dyskinesia, which may persist even after the medication is withdrawn.
	www.viterbo.edu /personalpages/faculty/DWillman/p431_antipsy.htm (2636 words)

	Briefing Paper: Do Antipsychotics Change Brain Structure?
		Some opponents of the use of antipsychotic medication have misunderstood such research and have argued that brain changes prove that antipsychotic drugs are dangerous and should not be used.
		The changes may be secondary to the effects of the antipsychotic drug on dopamine or glutamate neurotransmitters.
		The changes caused by antipsychotic drugs used to treat schizophrenia and manic-depressive disorder (bipolar disorder) are similar in kind to structural brain changes caused by drugs used to treat Parkinson’s disease, epilepsy, and other brain diseases.
	www.psychlaws.org /BriefingPapers/BP1.htm (1164 words)

	Bipolar Dream : Antipsychotic Drugs as Antidepressants - Gorden Parker
		Antipsychotic drugs were developed to primarily treat delusions and hallucinations but comparative analyses of the ‘old’ antipsychotic drugs with the ‘old ‘antidepressants showed many years ago that the antipsychotic drugs were equally effective and, when they worked, that they often worked rapidly and faster than antidepressants.
		The ‘new’ antipsychotic drugs (often called the ‘atypical antipsychotics’) appear to have similar or even slightly superior efficacy compared to the older antipsychotic drugs and fewer side-effects, with the risk of tardive dyskinesia being distinctly less.
		In the last few years we have noticed that the addition of an atypical antipsychotic to an antidepressant drug may be associated with a marked improvement.
	www.bipolardream.com /expert_Parker_Gordon_1.htm (413 words)

	Postgraduate Medicine: Side effects of antipsychotic drugs
		Antipsychotic drugs can produce cognitive deficits; because many older adults already have such problems, it is important to check for preexisting cognitive deficits before starting therapy.
		Common neuromotor side effects of antipsychotic drugs (table 2) can be grouped into two basic categories: reversible effects, which usually disappear after the dose is lowered or the drug is discontinued, and potentially irreversible effects, which may persist even after discontinuation of drug therapy.
		Antipsychotic drugs are very useful in treatment of psychosis and severe agitation in the elderly.
	www.postgradmed.com /issues/2000/02_00/saltz.htm (3418 words)

	The search for novel antipsychotic drugs (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		The lecture begins with a brief rationale for the use of drugs to treat schizophrenia, before moving on to consider side effects associated with the use of the largest group of antipsychotic drugs, so-called classic antipsychotics.
		There is clearly a need for new antipsychotic drugs that possess the beneficial effects of classical antipsychotics in treating schizophrenia, but lack the potential to cause extrapyramidal side effects.
		The next step is to investigate a large number of antipsychotic drugs to confirm that they all exert this differential effect on avoidance-escape behaviours, and examine their relative potencies.
	salmon.psy.plym.ac.uk /year3/PSY337atypical_classic_antipsychotic_drugs/PSY335SchizophreniaDrugTreatments.htm (3731 words)

	Antipsychotic drugs (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Antipsychotic drugs are a class of medicines used to treat psychosis and other mental and emotional conditions.
		Anti-psychotic drugs control the symptoms of psychosis, and in many cases are effective in controlling the symptoms of other disorders that may lead to psychosis, including bipolar mood disorder (formerly termed manic-depressive), in which the patient cycles from severe depression to feelings of extreme excitation.
		This class of drugs is primarily composed of the major tranquilizers; however, lithium carbonate, a drug that is largely specific to bipolar mood disorder, is commonly classified among the antipsychotic agents.
	www.healthatoz.com /healthatoz/Atoz/ency/antipsychotic_drugs.jsp (1034 words)

	The search for novel antipsychotic drugs (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		The lecture begins with a brief rationale for the use of drugs to treat schizophrenia before moving on to consider the problems associated with the use of the largest group of antipsychotic drugs, so-called classic antipsychotics.
		Examination of the similarities and differences between classic drugs and newer atypical antipsychotics suggests a way of distinguishing between the two drug types in pre-clinical screening tests: The drugs appear to differ in their ability to antagonise amphetamine-induced stereotyped behaviour.
		To summarise: in humans both classic and atypical antipsychotics are clinically effective; in rats both types of drug reduce amphetamine induced increases activity; in humans only classic antipsychotics produce severe extrapyramidal side effects; in rats only classic antipsychotics reduce amphetamine induced stereotyped behaviour.
	salmon.psy.plym.ac.uk /year2/schizo1.htm (3136 words)

	[No title]
		Because the two groups were similar in every major respect except the use of antipsychotic drugs, the authors calculated that the risk of VTE was seven times greater in current users of antipsychotic drugs than in non-users.
		Ironically, the risk was higher with low-potency drugs than with high-potency drugs, and was greatest during the first three months of use.
		There is some evidence that the drugs increase the adhesiveness of platelets, the clotting elements of the blood.
	www.psycport.com /news/2000/10/07/up/0000-0597-us-antipsychotics.html (812 words)

	Cardiac arrest and ventricular arrhythmia in patients taking antipsychotic drugs: cohort study using administrative ...
		Many antipsychotic drugs can prolong the QT interval, and many have been linked to cases of torsade de pointes.
		antipsychotic drugs and used haloperidol as the reference.
		Antipsychotics and the risk of sudden cardiac death.
	bmj.bmjjournals.com /cgi/content/full/325/7372/1070 (2337 words)

	Antipsychotic Drugs Linked To Insulin Resistance In Children
		Researchers from the Johns Hopkins Children's Center say a group of drugs known as "atypical antipsychotics" that are commonly used to treat children with aggression, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia may trigger insulin resistance, a condition that increases the risk of developing Type 2 diabetes and heart disease later in life.
		Two Atypical Anti-psychotic Drugs May Be Associated With An Increased Risk Of Diabetes For Patients With Schizophrenia (January 5, 2005) -- Patients treated with the atypical anti-psychotic agents clozapine and olanzapine may be at an increased risk for insulin resistance, which is a major risk factor for diabetes mellitus, according to...
		The drugs, which balance certain chemicals in the brain and stabilize mood, have successfully treated countless numbers of children since being introduced in the 1990s, he notes.
	www.sciencedaily.com /releases/2004/10/041021084911.htm (878 words)

	[No title]
		People who take antipsychotic drugs, even those who are young and otherwise healthy, face an increased risk for potentially fatal blood clots, researchers report, extending previous findings to encompass a wider range of medications for schizophrenia, manic-depressive disorder, dementia, autism, and other brain disorders.
		Research on the link between the drugs and blood clots has been hindered by the fact that study patients have often had other risk factors for venous thromboembolism.
		She also notes that, despite accumulating evidence, blood clots are not listed as a potential side effect of antipsychotic drugs.
	www.mercola.com /2000/oct/29/drugs_clots.htm (340 words)

	Use of atypical antipsychotic drugs in old age psychiatry -- Bouman and Pinner 8 (1): 49 -- Advances in Psychiatric ...
		Conventional antipsychotic drugs are all antagonists of dopamine
		The efficacy and tolerability of all antipsychotic drugs is
		Antipsychotic drugs are associated with a variety of side-effects,
	apt.rcpsych.org /cgi/content/full/8/1/49 (3815 words)

	Antipsychotic Drugs: OK for Dementia Patients?
		In the last decade a new generation of antipsychotic drugs has largely replaced the older conventional antipsychotics and has become the preferred treatment for behavioral problems associated with dementia.
		The results showed that death occurred more often among participants who were randomly assigned to receive one of the new antipsychotic drugs than those who received a placebo.
		In addition, the risks and benefits of treatment with antipsychotic drugs should be weighed for each person.
	my.webmd.com /content/article/113/110966?src=RSS_PUBLIC (411 words)

	Inverse Agonist Actions of Typical and Atypical Antipsychotic Drugs at the Human 5-Hydroxytryptamine2C Receptor -- ...
		The typical antipsychotic drug fluphenazine is a potent inverse agonist at the h5-HT isoform stably expressed in HEK-293 cells.
		Finally, several typical antipsychotic drugs were potent inverse agonists at the tested isoforms of the h5-HT receptor.
		Rasmussen K and Aghajanian GK (1988) Potency of antiphychotics in reversing the effects of a hallucinogenic drug on locus coeruleus neurons correlates with 5-HT2 binding affinity.
	jpet.aspetjournals.org /cgi/content/full/299/1/83 (4174 words)

	Antipsychotic Drugs Stop Fatal Viral Infection In Brain Cells
		Drugs Used To Treat Alzheimer's In Nursing Homes Are Worsening Sufferers' Illness (March 9, 2005) -- Quetiapine, a drug commonly used in nursing homes to treat agitation and related symptoms in people with Alzheimers' disease actually worsens patients' illness, speeding up their rate of...
		Different Antipsychotic Medications May Have Different Effects On Brain Volume In Patients With First Episode Of Psychosis (April 20, 2005) -- After a first psychotic episode, patients who were treated with an atypical antipsychotic medication had less change in brain volume compared with patients treated with a conventional antipsychotic...
		The drugs may prove to be an effective, ready-made therapy for PML prevention or treatment.
	www.sciencedaily.com /releases/2004/11/041123211853.htm (968 words)

	Diabetes and Antipsychotic Drugs
		The risk is greater with the atypical drugs clozapine and olanzapine and the low potency conventional antipsychotics than with risperidone or high potency conventional drugs.
		Diabetes related to antipsychotic medication is associated with high insulin concentrations, so it seems that these drugs may aggravate the insulin resistance that already exists in patients with schizophrenia.
		In psychotic patients who have a family history of diabetes or in those who are from an ethnic group with a high prevalence of diabetes (all non-Europeans), try to use an antipsychotic that has less potential for precipitating diabetes, such as risperidone or one of the high potency conventional drugs (Table 2).
	www.medsafe.govt.nz /Profs/PUarticles/antipsychdiabetes.htm (1119 words)

	Psychiatric Drugs: Neuroleptics, The Effects of Haldol, Prolixin, Thorazine, Mellaril, and Other Antipsychotic Drugs
		Neuroleptic was coined by jean Delay and Pierre Deniker, who first used the drug in psychiatry, and means "attaching to the neuron." Delay and Deniker intended the term to underscore the toxic impact of the drug on nerve cells (see chapter 4).
		Drug experts and psychiatric textbooks that tout neuroleptics almost never concern themselves with the living conditions to which they are asking or forcing the drugged patient to adjust.
		That the drugs did not cause deinstitutionalization is confirmed by the Swedish experience, where the process is only now beginning in that country, twenty-five years after the introduction of the drugs.
	www.sntp.net /drugs/tranquilizers.htm (5643 words)

	Antipsychotic Drugs: Importance of Dopamine Receptors for Mechanisms of Therapeutic Actions and Side Effects -- Strange ...
		In the therapy of schizophrenia, however, the antipsychotic drugs are used chronically and it seems that that this chronic
		In the absence of the drug, the fractional occupancy of receptors by tracer is given by the equation
		drug relative to the response in the absence of drug is given
	pharmrev.aspetjournals.org /cgi/content/full/53/1/119 (8411 words)

	Prescription of Antipsychotic Drugs by Office-Based Physicians in the United States, 1989-1997 -- Hermann et al. 53 ...
		Antipsychotic drugs are an important component of the psychopharmacologic
		and atypical antipsychotic drugs are depicted in Figure 1.
		In the period 1989-1991, the proportion of antipsychotic drug
	ps.psychiatryonline.org /cgi/content/full/53/4/425 (3382 words)

	Are antipsychotic drugs the right treatment for challenging behaviour in learning disability?: The place of a ...
		Are antipsychotic drugs the right treatment for challenging behaviour in learning disability?: The place of a randomised -- Ashcroft et al.
		Are antipsychotic drugs the right treatment for challenging behaviour in learning disability?: The place of a randomised trial
		drugs individuals are likely to remain on these for many years.
	jme.bmjjournals.com /cgi/content/full/27/5/338 (4005 words)

	Hyperprolactinaemia caused by antipsychotic drugs -- Wieck and Haddad 324 (7332): 250 -- BMJ
		Antipsychotic drugs are thought to exert their therapeutic effect by an antidopaminergic action in the mesolimbic system,
		Hyperprolactinaemia induced by antipsychotic drugs can present with breast changes in men, but these symptoms are relatively
		Antipsychotic tolerability: the attitudes and perceptions of medical professionals, patients and caregivers towards side effects of antipsychotic therapy.
	bmj.bmjjournals.com /cgi/content/full/324/7332/250 (937 words)

	Antipsychotic drugs may cause diabetes, but the FDA still allows their sale
		A manufacturer of one of these drugs said basically this isn't news: these side effects are well known in the medical community, they explain.
		You already know the answer: they are profitable, and the FDA protects and promotes profitable drugs, regardless of their negative health consequences.
		To have four industry groups actually speak out against a class of prescription drugs is exceedingly rare, and it is indicative of the high degree of threat to the good health of patients posed by these drugs.
	www.newstarget.com /000843.html (1083 words)

	FDA Issues Warning on Antipsychotic Drugs
		What is alerted: The FDA has requested updated product labeling for many antipsychotic drugs.
		Schizophrenia patients, their families, and their doctors should watch for symptoms such as increased thirst and frequent urination or worsening of glucose control.
		A fasting glucose test should be performed in those with risks for developing diabetes when starting antipsychotic drugs and periodically throughout treatment.
	my.webmd.com /content/article/74/89073 (194 words)

	Peter R. Breggin and Psychiatric Drug Facts
		Breggin has been informing the professions, media and the public about the potential dangers of drugs, electroshock, psychosurgery, involuntary treatment, and the biological theories of psychiatry for over three decades.
		He is the author of dozens of scientific articles and nineteen professional books, many dealing with psychiatric medication, the FDA and drug approval process, the evaluation of clinical trials, and standards of care in psychiatry and related fields.
		Your Drug May Be Your Problem: How and Why to Stop Taking Psychiatric Medications, by Peter R. Breggin, MD and David Cohen, PhD.
	www.breggin.com (723 words)

	antipsychotic drugs articles and information
		Antipsychotic drugs may cause diabetes, but the FDA still allows their sale
		Some prescription drugs are so dangerous that even health related industry groups feel compelled to speak out against the drugs in order to protect the health of patients.
		- How to reclaim your natural health power from the doctors, drug companies and food marketers who have stolen your right to be healthy and happy.
	www.newstarget.com /antipsychotic_drugs.html (768 words)

	Antipsychotic Drugs: Importance of Dopamine Receptors for Mechanisms of Therapeutic Actions and Side Effects -- Strange ...
		C. Use of Radiolabeled Antipsychotic Drugs to Image Dopamine Synapses In Vivo
		B. Kinetics of the Interactions of Dopamine and Antipsychotic Drugs at Dopamine Receptors
		C. Differential Effects of Antipsychotic Drugs in Striatal and Cortical Brain Regions
	pharmrev.aspetjournals.org /cgi/content/abstract/53/1/119 (650 words)

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