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Topic: Antitrust

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Sherman Antitrust Act

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Microsoft antitrust case

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	Antitrust - Wex
		To prevent trusts from creating restraints on trade or commerce and reducing competition, Congress passed the Sherman Antitrust Act in 1890.
		The Sherman Act is the main source of Antitrust law.
		The Sherman Act is a Federal statute and as such has a scope limited by Constitutional constraints on the Federal government.
	www.law.cornell.edu /topics/antitrust.html (314 words)

	antitrust.co.za
		I bet your 210 days in solitary confinement were nothing compared to your 18 months at Telkom.
		Paris Mashile claims to not have enough evidence, so once again Antitrust is willing to aid him.
		Antitrust, would LOVE to assist Paris again (Refer to our "Wake Paris Mashile Campaign"), so could ANYONE with a telephone, internet, cellphone bill please fax them through to ICASA on +27 (11) 444-1919.
	www.antitrust.co.za (1633 words)

	Memo, 6-12-98; Antitrust by Alan Greenspan
		It is necessary to ascertain and to estimate: (a) the historical roots of the antitrust laws, and (b) the economic theories upon which these laws were based.
		The observable tendency of an industry's dominant companies eventually to lose part of their share of the market, is not caused by antitrust legislation, but by the fact that it is difficult to prevent new firms from entering the field when the demand for a certain product increases.
		If the attempts to justify our antitrust statutes on historical grounds are erroneous and rest on a misinterpretation of history, the attempts to justify them on theoretical grounds come from a still more fundamental misconception.
	www.polyconomics.com /searchbase/06-12-98.html (3106 words)

	Antitrust - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Antitrust or competition laws are laws whose stated purpose is the promotion of economic and business competition by prohibiting anti-competitive behavior and unfair business practices.
		It is not the policy of the antitrust division to estimate the damage to consumers and then prioritise prosecutions on the basis of that damage.
		Judge Robert Bork's writings on antitrust law, along with those of Richard Posner and other law and economics thinkers, were heavily influential in causing a shift in the U.S. Supreme Court's approach to antitrust laws since the 1970s.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Antitrust (2721 words)

	United States v. Microsoft - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		During the antitrust case it was revealed that Microsoft had threatened PC manufacturers with revoking their license to distribute Windows if they removed the Internet Explorer icon from the initial desktop, something that Netscape had requested of its licensees.
		Some critics of the antitrust proceedings against Microsoft assert that they were an unjustified assault on a business that held a large market share merely by outcompeting its rivals.
		Nobel economist Milton Friedman believes that the antitrust case against Microsoft set a dangerous precedent that foreshadowed increasing government regulation of what was formerly an industry that was relatively free of "government intrusion" and that future technological progress in the industry will be impeded as a result.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Microsoft_antitrust_case (2281 words)

	Antitrust, by Fred S. McChesney: The Concise Encyclopedia of Economics: Library of Economics and Liberty
		The recent era of antitrust reassessment has resulted in general agreement among economists that the most successful instances of cartelization and monopoly pricing have involved companies that enjoy the protection of government regulation of prices and government control of entry by new competitors.
		Similar conclusions arise from studies of merger cases and of various antitrust remedies obtained by government; in both instances results are inconsistent with antitrust's supposed goal of consumer well-being.
		For example, antitrust is useful to politicians in stopping mergers that would result in plant closings or job transfers in their home districts.
	www.econlib.org /library/Enc/Antitrust.html (2438 words)

	Sherman Antitrust Act Narrative @ ArtisticNudity.com (Artistic Nudity) (Site not responding. Last check: )
		In June of 2004, President signed into law the Criminal Antitrust Penalty Enhancement and Reform Act, increasing the maximum criminal penalty for individuals to ten years' imprisonment and a $1 million fine, and the maximum penalty for corporations to a $100 million fine.
		Some alleged violations of the Sherman Act are not prosecuted criminally, but rather are adjudicated in civil proceedings under a "rule of reason" standard, which examines the economic benefits and harm of allegedly anticompetitive conduct to determine whether it is, on balance, beneficial to consumers and should be permitted to continue.
		The Antitrust Division has sole authority within the federal government to file criminal antitrust cases, though it shares responsibility for civil enforcement with the Federal Trade Commission.
	www.artisticnudity.com /encyclopedia/Sherman_Antitrust_Act (1083 words)

	Antitrust Ohio Attorneys Vorys, Sater, Seymour and Pease, LLP (Site not responding. Last check: )
		We have defended criminal antitrust indictments and investigations, and have defended and prosecuted civil antitrust claims.
		Participation in all aspects of antitrust litigation — especially the representation of both antitrust plaintiffs and defendants — affords us an important advantage regarding litigation tactics and counseling not available to law firms which limit their representation to only plaintiffs or only defendants.
		New antitrust laws abroad, increased cooperation among antitrust enforcement officials worldwide, more aggressive investigative tactics, increasingly severe penalties, and higher fines for illegal conduct have raised the stakes.
	www.vssp.com /FSL5CS/practiceareadescriptions/practiceareadescriptions716.asp (610 words)

	Antitrust Policy
		Antitrust policy attempts to make companies act in a competitive manner by breaking up companies that are monopolies, prohibiting mergers that would increase market power, and finding and fining companies that collude to establish higher prices.
		The economic case for antitrust policy is based on efficiency.
		Unfortunately, economists have traditionally been so sure that antitrust laws were beneficial that they have not sought to measure whether the net benefit of those laws was in fact positive.
	www.ingrimayne.com /econ/Monopoly/AntiTrust.html (911 words)

	Technorati Tag: antitrust (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Antitrust Compliance Training Integrity Interactive is a leader in Web-based corporate ethics and compliance solutions for employees offering courses covering over 200 ethics and compliance topics.
		Judge Kent A. Jordan of the U.S. District Court for the District of Delaware denied Abbott's motion to dismiss numerous antitrust claims in Abbott...
		Antitrust Attorneys We represent individuals and businesses in antitrust class action suits against those who have fixed the prices of goods and products sold to them.
	www.technorati.com /tag/antitrust (488 words)

	Antitrust and Unfair Competition Law Overview : Antitrust and Unfair Competition Law : Fenwick & West LLP
		Antitrust and unfair competition cases are often costly because of attorneys' fees and potential fines and damages.
		We are particularly experienced in advising on the substantive antitrust law and enforcement guidelines affecting such transactions and in helping our clients successfully navigate the complicated pre-merger notification and review processes at the United States Department of Justice, the Federal Trade Commission, the European Union, and other jurisdictions.
		Antitrust and trade regulation litigation matters tend to be document intensive.
	www.fenwick.com /services/2.5.0.asp?s=1039 (1078 words)

	Antitrust & Unfair Competition - Antitrust Lawyer of the Year
		The Antitrust and Unfair Competition Law Section of the California State Bar was pleased to honor Francis O. Scarpulla as the 2005 Antitrust Lawyer of the Year.
		He provides antitrust counseling to a variety of companies, is a frequent speaker at business and bar association programs and other symposia, and is the author of numerous publications on antitrust and trade regulation subjects.
		Tom is the chair of the Multistate Antitrust Task Force of the National Association of Attorneys General, and a recent recipient of the associationâs Marvin Award for national leadership.
	calbar.ca.gov /state/calbar/calbar_generic.jsp?cid=10703&id=3725 (2512 words)

	IPWatchdog.com - Antitrust Law
		The historic goal of the antitrust laws is to protect economic freedom and opportunity by promoting competition in the marketplace.
		The mission of the DOJ Antitrust Division has been to promote and protect the competitive process, and the American economy, through the enforcement of the antitrust laws.
		Antitrust Guidelines for the Licensing of Intellectual Property,by the DOJ and FTC, issued April 6, 1995
	www.ipwatchdog.com /antitrust.html (1283 words)

	Antitrust
		Antitrust Guidelines Department of Justice Antitrust Guidelines are meant to make businesses and consumers aware of the current guidelines that must be followed in different areas of commerce.
		Antitrust Policy Antitrust policy is a comprehensive site offering antitrust case documents (complaints, opinions, and expert testimony), enforcement guidelines and speeches, economic bibliographies, and current antitrust issues in the news.
		Antitrust Review The Antitrust Law and Economic Review is an anti-monopoly journal.
	www.legalethics.com /pa/practice/anti.htm (175 words)

	An Antitrust Primer
		The antitrust laws describe unlawful practices in general terms, leaving it to the courts to decide what specific practices are illegal based on the facts and circumstances of each case.
		The law presumes that they are violations (antitrust lawyers call these per se violations) and condemns them almost automatically.
		The antitrust laws are further complicated by the fact that many business practices can have a reasonable business justification even if they limit competition in some way.
	www.ftc.gov /bc/compguide/antitrst.htm (553 words)

	Foley & Lardner LLP - Our Services - Antitrust
		Antitrust, unfair competition, and business tort claims are all critical concerns for segments of the health care community.
		We also have argued and briefed antitrust cases in the United States Courts of Appeals for the First, Third, Fourth, Sixth, Seventh, Eighth, Ninth, and Eleventh Circuits as well as in various state appellate courts, covering a broad cross-section of issues.
		In particular, we have established special antitrust compliance programs for such clients, counseled them not only with respect to the full range of substantive antitrust issues, but on which courses of conduct might still be exempt under the “state action doctrine,” McCarran-Ferguson Act, or other implied immunity defenses.
	www.foley.com /services/practice_detail.aspx?practiceid=37 (2065 words)

	Antitrust Law in the Legal Research Guide (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Find a primer on criminal antitrust, which covers the history of criminal liability, criminal sanctions, amnesty, collateral penalties for antitrust violations, criminal procedure and globalization.
		The Antitrust Division of the U.S. Department of Justice explains how to identify anticompetitive conduct that occurs after a natural disaster and how to report possible violations.
		Find information about antitrust cases or topics reported in the news, primers on antitrust law and policy, antitrust statutes and regulations, court decisions and more.
	www.virtualchase.com /resources/antitrust.shtml (734 words)

	Reference.com/Encyclopedia/Antitrust
		Antitrust or competition laws, legislate against trade practices that undermine competitiveness or are considered to be unfair.
		The term antitrust derives from the U.S. law that was originally formulated to combat business trusts - now commonly known as cartels.
		But as I watched what actually happened, I saw that, instead of promoting competition, antitrust laws tended to do exactly the opposite, because they tended, like so many government activities, to be taken over by the people they were supposed to regulate and control.
	www.reference.com /browse/wiki/Antitrust (393 words)

	Ohio Attorney General - Antitrust
		"Antitrust laws are based on the proposition that possession of unchallenged economic power deadens initiative, discourages thrift and depresses energy; that immunity from competition is a narcotic, and rivalry is a stimulant to industrial progress; that the spur of constant stress is necessary to counteract an inevitable disposition to let well enough alone."
		The Antitrust Section's attorneys work to foster competition in the marketplace by enforcing both state and federal antitrust laws.
		Through the Antitrust Review Program, they perform periodic on-site reviews of Ohio public entity purchase records in an effort to detect bid-rigging or price-fixing schemes of which the public entity may have been a victim.
	www.ag.state.oh.us /legal/antitrust/index.asp (145 words)

	Antitrust Enforcement and the Consumer
		Many consumers have never heard of antitrust laws, but when these laws are effectively and responsibly enforced, they can save consumers millions and even billions of dollars a year in illegal overcharges.
		The Sherman Antitrust Act has stood since 1890 as the principal law expressing our national commitment to a free market economy in which competition free from private and governmental restraints leads to the best results for the consumers.
		There are three main ways in which the federal antitrust laws are enforced: criminal and civil enforcement actions brought by the Antitrust Division of the Department of Justice, civil enforcement actions brought by the Federal Trade Commission and lawsuits brought by private parties asserting damage claims.
	www.pueblo.gsa.gov /cic_text/misc/antitrust/antitrus.htm (2291 words)

	Antitrust
		The antitrust group also works closely with the intellectual property and technology practice on matters relating to trademark and patent litigation issues, where parallel antitrust or unfair competition claims or counterclaims are often asserted.
		Additionally, the antitrust group works with the white-collar criminal defense practice on matters relating to fraud and corrupt practices.
		Antitrust counseling and litigation in both trial and appellate courts
	www.ffhsj.com /practice_groups/antitrust.htm (210 words)

	Akin Gump Strauss Hauer Feld & LLP- practice
		Our ability to deal with antitrust issues in multiple court venues while simultaneously managing agency and legislative arenas is a hallmark of our practice.
		The firm’s antitrust lawyers provide full-service capabilities in all aspects of business competition, from fundamental policies and procedures to the most complex challenges.
		DOJ’s Antitrust Division ranks these matters among its highest priorities, and Congress recently increased both monetary penalties and jail sentences for companies and individuals prosecuted under the criminal antirust laws.
	www.akingump.com /practice.cfm?practice_id=35 (1550 words)

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