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Topic: Anxiolytic


  
  Anxiolytic - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
An anxiolytic is a drug prescribed for the treatment of symptoms of anxiety.
Some anxiolytics have been shown to be useful in the treatment of anxiety disorders as have antidepressants such as the class of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs).
Anxiolytics are generally divided into two groups of medication, benzodiazepines and non-benzodiazepines.
en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Anxiolytic   (426 words)

  
 Anxiolytic
An anxiolytic is any drug used in the treatment of anxiety.
They chemically quite different from most of the other anxiolytics and the adverse effects of dependence, sedation and psychomotor impairment are noticably less than with benzodiazepines.
Benzodiazepines are prescribed for short-term relief (FDA recommended maximum of 8 months for most benzodiazpeines) of severe and disabling anxiety.
www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/an/Anxiolytic.html   (181 words)

  
 PPM1Psychotropic Drugs
Benzodiazepines produce a dose-dependent but limited depression of the CNS.  Lower doses have a sedative and anxiolytic effect, whereas higher doses produce hypnosis (sleep) and anesthesia.  They do not produce respiratory depression, coma or death unless they are administered with another CNS depressant, such as alcohol.
The benzodiazepines produce a dose-dependent but limited depression of the CNS.  Lower doses have a sedative and anxiolytic effect, whereas higher doses produce hypnosis (sleep) and anesthesia.  When benzodiazepines are given orally, their depressant effect on neurotransmission inhibits the further release of GABA before severe CNS depression occurs.
Buspirone is a nonsedating anxiolytic.  Causes up-regulation of postsynaptic serotonin receptors.  Takes 3-4 weeks to get the effect.  Does not cause marked sedation, amnesia, tolerance, dependence or muscle relaxation.  May temporarily cause mild: headaches dizziness, nervousness.
faculty.washington.edu /alexbert/MEDEX/Winter/PPM1PsychotropicDrugs.htm   (6063 words)

  
 Method of suppressing benzodiazepine induced sedation with 2-(p-methoxypenyl)-pyrazolo[4,3-c]quinolin-3(5H)-one or a ...
A method according to claim 1 wherein the administration of the benzodiazepine anxiolytic agent is substantially simultaneous with the administration of 2-(p-methoxyphenyl)-pyrazolo[4,3-c]quinolin-3(5H)-one, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
It is a further objective of the present invention to provide a method of treating anxiety in a mammal, by administering to said mammal an anxiolytically effective amount of a benzodiazepine anxiolytic agent in combination with an effective amount, to suppress attendant benzodiazepine induced sedation, of 2-(p-methoxyphenyl)pyrazolo[4,3-c]quinolin-3(5H)-one or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
It is yet a further object of the instant invention to provide pharmaceutical compositions containing a combination of an anxiolytically effective amount of benzodiazepine anxiolytic agent and an effective amount, to suppress attendant benzodiazepine induced sedation, of 2-(-methoxyphenyl)-pyrazolo[4,3-c]quinolin-3(5H)-one, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, alone or in further combination with conventional pharmaceutical excipients.
www.freepatentsonline.com /4595684.html   (1553 words)

  
 Comparison of risperidone and haloperidol in anxiolytic, antidepressant   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
The anxiolytic activity was examined using the "Two compartment exploratory test" by Crawley.
Summarizing we may state, that the antidepressive, anxiolytic and memory improving effects of risperidone found in our animal experiments as well as its LSD-antagonism proved by other authors; may help the understanding of multiple action mechanism of the drug in psychotic patients.
It may be then assumed, that thanks to the additional effect of risperidone on 5-HT receptors, this drug, in contrast to haloperidol, acts therapeutically on negative symptoms of schizophrenia, but also may exert beneficial effect on mood and cognition in there patients.
wwwuser.gwdg.de /~bbandel/gjp-poster-nowakowska.htm   (608 words)

  
 eMedicine - Sedative, Hypnotic, Anxiolytic Use Disorders : Article by Joji Suzuki, MD
The abrupt cessation of benzodiazepines, as in the case of a patient discontinuing a benzodiazepine after long-term use, is thought to result in the classically described acute withdrawal symptoms as the inhibitory pressure is removed, leaving a relative excitatory state.
Age: Sedatives, anxiolytics, and hypnotics are commonly prescribed for people in the sixth and seventh decades of life; however, nonmedical use is highest in people aged 18-25 years, with rates of 0.7-1.9%.
Patients with anxiolytic use disorders are frequently treated in the outpatient setting, as most are stable and require minimal monitoring.
www.emedicine.com /med/topic3119.htm   (5023 words)

  
 AGD - DART Exercise No. 170 - Anesthesia and Pain Control   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
The 15 questions for this exercise are based on the article, “Calculating and justifying total anxiolytic doses of medications for in-office use,” on pages 54—57.
Patients who do not respond effectively to the recommended maximum oral dose of anxiolytic may be reappointed.
Anxiolytic doses may need to be adjusted for which patient-specific factors?
www.agd.org /cde/dartquiz/exercise/dartquiz170.asp   (520 words)

  
 PHCL 3720 Lecture 6   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
If animals are given a drug with anxiolytic activity, when the bell sounds the animal will not run for the safe area (i.e.
Anxiolytics increase the amount of time spent in the light box.
Anxiolytics increase the amount of time spent in the open arms.
www.neurosci.pharm.utoledo.edu /PHCL3720/Lecture6.htm   (1355 words)

  
 Role of serotonin and GABA in anti-anxiety effects of benzodiazepines   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
This diagram compares anxiolytic efficacy in chronic anxiety patients treated with diazepam, phenobarbital and placebo.
Chemicals that antagonize the effects of BZPs are interesting because alcohol and anxiolytics are similar in many ways (see Lickey and Gordon) and it would be useful to have a drug that rapidly reversed the effects of alcohol for example to use in hospital emergency departments.
Clearly buspirone is not a magic bullet for anxiety, it has the advantage that it does not produce withdrawal symptoms, but its slow onset is a disadvantage because the patient may give up on taking the medicine if there is no early signs of symptom reduction.
salmon.psy.plym.ac.uk /year2/psy221anxiety/psy221anxiety.htm   (4296 words)

  
 Measuring Behavior 2002: Codony et al.   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
Ultrasonic vocalization (USV) in rat pups is a well-accepted model with which to identify anxiolytic drugs, representing a measure that is relatively independent of additional behavioral and physiological variables.
Anxiolytic drugs, such as benzodiazepine receptor agonists or 5-HT1A agonists, are active in this model - but so too are the mixed antidepressant/anxiolytic drugs, including the selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors, fluoxetine and paroxetine.
The present study was undertaken to compare the activity of E-5842 to that of several typical and atypical antipsychotics, using diazepam as a reference compound.
www.noldus.com /events/mb2002/program/abstracts/codony.html   (335 words)

  
 Anxiolytic Activity of Atrial Natriuretic Peptide in Patients With Panic Disorder -- Ströhle et al. 158 (9): 1514 ...   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
Anxiolytic Activity of Atrial Natriuretic Peptide in Patients With Panic Disorder -- Ströhle et al.
Anxiolytic Activity of Atrial Natriuretic Peptide in Patients With Panic Disorder
Ströhle A, Jahn H, Montkowski A, Liebsch G, Boll E, Landgraf R, Holsboer F, Wiedemann K: Central and peripheral administration of atriopeptin is anxiolytic in rats.
ajp.psychiatryonline.org /cgi/content/full/158/9/1514   (1581 words)

  
 NEL, Melatonin and Anxiolytic Benzodiazepine Use
Overall quality of morning freshness, daily alertness, sleep quality, and sleep onset and offset time were assessed from structured clinical interviews and from logs completed by the patients.
Since many old patients with minor sleep disturbance received benzodiazepines in anxiolytic doses, we carried out the present study to assess whether melatonin could be useful to reduce low benzodiazepine dosage as it is in insomniac patients treated with hypnotic benzodiazepines.
No part may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or ortherwise, without prior written permission from the Editor-in-Chief.
www.nel.edu /23_1/NEL230102A05_Cardinali.htm   (553 words)

  
 extract induces anxiolytic and antidepressant effects : Epilepsy.com
2006 AUG 27 - (NewsRx.com) -- The hydroalcoholic extract of Salvia elegans induces anxiolytic- and antidepressant-like effects in rats.
"Putative anxiolytic and antidepressant properties of Salvia elegans were studied in the elevated plus-maze test (EPM) and in the forced swimming test (FST), respectively.
Mora and associates published their study in the Journal of Ethnopharmacology (The hydroalcoholic extract of Salvia elegans induces anxiolytic- and antidepressant-like effects in rats.
www.epilepsy.com /newsfeed/pr_1156858235.html   (414 words)

  
 BehaveNet® Clinical Capsule™: Sedative, Hypnotic, or Anxiolytic Intoxication
Recent use of a sedative, hypnotic, or anxiolytic.
Clinically significant maladaptive behavioral or psychological changes (e.g., inappropriate sexual or aggressive behavior, mood lability, impaired judgment, impaired social or occupational functioning) that developed during, or shortly after, sedative, hypnotic, or anxiolytic use.
The symptoms are not due to a general medical condition and are not better accounted for by another mental disorder.
www.behavenet.com /capsules/disorders/shaintoxication.htm   (178 words)

  
 Review: evidence on anxiolytic drugs for smoking cessation is inconclusive -- Luckmann 4 (2): 48 -- Evidence-Based ...
Review: evidence on anxiolytic drugs for smoking cessation is inconclusive
Hughes JR, Stead LF, Lancaster T. Anxiolytics for smoking cessation.
anxiolytic medication for smoking cessation is reasonable but
ebmh.bmjjournals.com /cgi/content/full/4/2/48   (622 words)

  
 New Ways To Stop Worrying : future anxiolytics   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
Neurosteroids are another interesting set of pharmacologic agents that target the benzodiazepine receptor, have a preclinical anxiolytic profile, and now need to be tested in clinical populations.
Neuropeptide receptor agonists and antagonists with anxiolytic properties may represent one of the most striking new classes of potential anxiolytic drugs, but this is an emerging field that still requires considerably more systematic clinical testing.
Nevertheless, preclinical studies as well as early clinical studies suggest that at least three neuropeptide receptors are provocative targets for novel anxiolytic agents: namely antagonists for CCK-B receptors, antagonists for CRF receptors, and agonists for neuropeptide Y receptors.
www.biopsychiatry.com /anxfut.html   (342 words)

  
 LACK OF IFENPRODIL ANXIOLYTIC ACTIVITY AFTER ITS MULTIPLE TREATMENT IN CHRONICALLY ETHANOL-TREATED RATS -- Mikolajczak ...
Effect of multiple ifenprodil treatment on anxiolytic activity expressed as WSE scores (A), BSE scores (B) or BWT scores (C) in ethanol-high-preferring (WHP), ethanol-non-preferring (WLP) and control (CR) rats.
Chojnacka-Wojcik, E., Klodzinska, A. and Pilc, A. (2001) Glutamate receptor ligands as anxiolytics.
Okulicz-Kozaryn, I., Mikolajczak, P., Szczawinska, K. and Kaminska, E. (1999) Lack of zolpidem anxiolytic activity in comparison to diazepam effects in chronically ethanol treated rats.
alcalc.oxfordjournals.org /cgi/content/full/38/4/310   (3781 words)

  
 Benzodiazepines - Psychology Wiki - A Wikia wiki
The benzodiazepines (pronounced [ˌbenzəʊdaɪˈæzəpiːnz], which are considered minor tranquilizers) are a class of drugs with sedative, hypnotic, anxiolytic, anticonvulsant, amnestic and muscle relaxant properties.
All benzodiazepines have the following, predictable effects, though some may be relatively stronger anxiolytics and others relatively stronger amnesics.
Generally, tolerance to the hypnotic and sedative effects occurs within days, however, tolerance to the anxiolytic effects of benzodiazepines rarely, if ever, occurs as is evidenced by a 20-year study on alprazolam (Xanax®) in the treatment of panic disorder.
psychology.wikia.com /wiki/Benzodiazepines   (1673 words)

  
 Anxiolytic and Side-Effect Profile of LY354740: A Potent, Highly Selective, Orally Active Agonist for Group II ...
Anxiolytic and Side-Effect Profile of LY354740: A Potent, Highly Selective, Orally Active Agonist for Group II Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors -- Helton et al.
Anxiolytic and Side-Effect Profile of LY354740: A Potent, Highly Selective, Orally Active Agonist for Group II Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors
Clinically proven anxiolytics such as diazepam (Valium) and buspirone (Buspar) are effective in reducing the fear (increased
jpet.aspetjournals.org /cgi/content/full/284/2/651   (5192 words)

  
 Piracetam ( Nootropil ) : a smart anxiolytic ?   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
The present study indicates that PIR has significant anxiolytic activity in rodents following subchronic, but not acute administration, when tested against several paradigms of experimental anxiety.
Thus, PIR (250 and 500 mg/kg), administered orally for 7 and 14 days, exhibited anxiolytic activity in the open-field, elevated plus-maze and footshock-induced fighting in paired mice paradigms, as well as in the Vogel's conflict test in rats.
In addition, PIR induced significant reduction in rat brain tribulin levels, a putative endocoid marker for anxiety, produced by pentylenetetrazole, an anxiogenic agent.
nootropics.com /piracetam/anxiolytic.html   (168 words)

  
 Anxiolytic- and antidepressant-like effects of the non-peptide vasopressin V1b receptor antagonist, SSR149415, suggest ...
Anxiolytic- and antidepressant-like effects of the non-peptide vasopressin V1b receptor antagonist, SSR149415, suggest an innovative approach for the treatment of stress-related disorders -- Griebel et al.
anxiolytic diazepam, which was used as a positive control.
The site at which the anxiolytic- and antidepressant-like actions of SSR149415 are exerted remains to be determined, but it
www.pnas.org /cgi/content/full/99/9/6370   (3810 words)

  
 SNAP-7941, a candidate Antidepressant, anxiolytic and anorectic   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
Researchers from Synaptic Pharmaceutical Corporation have recently described a novel antagonist of one such target, the Melanin concentrating hormone MCH1 receptor.
This molecule, SNAP-7941, produced effects similar to clinically used antidepressants and anxiolytics in three animal models of depression/anxiety: the rat forced-swim test, rat social interaction and guinea pig maternal-separation vocalization tests.
Antidepressant, anxiolytic and anorectic effects of a melanin-concentrating hormone-1 receptor antagonist
www.bioportfolio.com /leaddiscovery/PubMed-080223.htm   (863 words)

  
 Anxiolytic drugs and their metabolizing enzymes : Epilepsy.com/Professionals
Anxiolytic drugs and their metabolizing enzymes : Epilepsy.com/Professionals
Great selection and pricing on all sorts of products from all sorts of merchants and a chance to support your website and epilepsy research.
Contribution of drugs and drug interactions (prescribed, over the counter, and illicit) to seizures and epilepsy.
professionals.epilepsy.com /page/table_drugs_anxiolytic_.html   (137 words)

  
 Bookworkz:: Anxiolytic Compounds: Perspectives in Drug Development
Here the authors concentrate on the anxiolytics, a group of drugs which must be evaluated in carefully defined groups of patients using sensitive outcome measures.
Conducting these trials is not an easy matter and this timely, critical and comprehensive guide aims to provide awareness of the major issues surrounding development of anxiolytics and, in particular, details of the techniques needed to assess new and hopefully improved therapies.
This book, written by authors well known for their extensive experience in the field of drug development, will be of interest to the academic community frequently involved in clinical trials of potential anxiolytic compounds, as well as to the pharmaceutical industry in the formulation of drug development programmes for new anxiolytics.
www.bookworkz.com /education/pharmacology/0471957135.html   (257 words)

  
 Anxiolytic drug targets: beyond the usual suspects -- Gordon 110 (7): 915 -- Journal of Clinical Investigation
Anxiolytic drug targets: beyond the usual suspects -- Gordon 110 (7): 915 -- Journal of Clinical Investigation
receptor more sensitive to the anxiolytic action of endogenous compounds such as neurosteroids.
should be considered as a potential target for anxiolytic
www.jci.org /cgi/content/full/110/7/915   (951 words)

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