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Aorist aspect

Aorist tense

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	Aorist - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Aorist (from Greek αοριστος, indefinite) is a term used in certain Indo-European languages to refer to a particular grammatical tense and/or aspect.
		In Proto-Indo-European (PIE), the aorist was originally just an aspect, but by late PIE it had probably already developed into a combination of tense and aspect just as in Ancient Greek, since the same system is represented in Sanskrit.
		The aorist's second marker is a change in vowel grade, a process known as ablaut.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Aorist (447 words)

	Greek Tenses
		The aorist tense is often used to stress the beginning of an action or the entrance into a state.
		This is the use of the aorist in the espistles in which the author self-consciously describes his letter from the time frame of the audience.
		The aorist indicative can be used to describe an event that is not yet past as though it were already completed in order to stress the certainty of the event.
	www.bcbsr.com /greek/gtense.html (2115 words)

	Encyclopedia: Aorist-aspect
		The aorist indicates a completed, singular action, while the imperfect indicates an incomplete, sometimes repeated action, and the perfect indicates actions of varying completion that in some manner affect the present.
		Sanskrit, the aorist is marked by several morphological devices, but three stand out as most common.
		Along with the aorist aspect and the perfective aspect, the imperfective aspect is one of three aspects used in Indo-European languages.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Aorist_aspect (1293 words)

	Bible Proofs of the second Work of Grace
		The aorist here teaches an instantaneous death stroke to inbred is, and that there is no need of a slow and painful process, lingering until physical death or purgatorial fires end the torment.
		And by the use of the aorist tense, each is declared to be a distinct and momentary experience, never to be repeated, each placing the soul on a new and higher plain of life.
		Till we all attain (aorist) unto the unity of the faith, and of the perfect knowledge of the Son of God, unto the full-grown man, unto the measure of the stature of the fullness of Christ.
	www.angelfire.com /tn3/cogliterature/page34.html (4474 words)

	Course II, Lesson 9
		All aorist active and middle subjunctives are formed on the stem of the 3rd principle part.
		Aorist passive subjunctives are built on the stem of the 6th principle part.
		As in the aorist active and middle subjunctive forms, the primary tense endings rather than the secondary tense endings are used.
	www.ntgreek.net /lesson29.htm (2044 words)

	THE USE OF THE AORIST TENSE IN HOLINESS EXEGESIS (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		In essence the constative aorist is a use that views a process which took a period of time to complete from a "bird's eye view." The point is that this type of aorist normally does not refer to a crisic action.
		This would apply to the use of the aorist in the indicative (where the idea of past time is added to the concept of aorist aspect), as well as to the imperative and subjunctive, infinitive and participle.
		While the aorist itself does not guarantee that this entrance is understood as crisic in nature, the context of the aorist participles in 6:22 and the striking contrast between the present and aorist imperatives in the parallel verse 6:13 lead even Moulton to see this verse as expressing the "once-for-all surrender to God."46
	wesley.nnu.edu /wesleyan_theology/theojrnl/16-20/16-16.htm (5426 words)

	Aorist - Wikipedia
		Der Aorist (griechisch αόριστος – der Unbestimmte) war einer der drei ursprünglichen Aspekte, die Teil des indoeuropäischen Verbalparadigmas (auch in der Kunstsprache Quenya findet er Verwendung) waren.
		In den indoeuropäischen Sprachen manifestiert sich diese Unterscheidung als eine dreiseitige Teilung zwischen dem Aorist, dem Imperfekt und dem Perfekt.
		Die zweite Markierung des Aorists ist die Reduplikation.
	de.wikipedia.org /wiki/Aorist (639 words)

	The World Needs the Original Bible
		The aorist is simply an indefinite aspect in relationship to space, to a state or to a condition which is being described.
		The English aorist (unlike the Greek aorist which uses extra letters to show an aoristic aspect) uses words that appear to the eye to be the "present tense." But the words are not showing the "present tense." They are simple homonyms that are presenting the aorist state or condition (not tense, or time).
		The only difference between the Greek aorist and the English aorist is the fact that the Greek uses letter forms within their words to indicate the aorist and the English does not.
	www.askelm.com /doctrine/d940801.htm (3836 words)

	Aorist aspect - Indopedia, the Indological knowledgebase
		The aorist aspect was one of the three original aspects that defined the Indo-European verbal paradigm.
		None of them sounds quite right, as the verbs are aorist in nature and cannot be used as processes.
		The aorist's third marker is a change in vowel grade, a process known as ablaut.
	www.indopedia.org /Aorist_tense.html (588 words)

	[No title]
		The Aorist Indicative of a few verbs is used in the New Testament to denote a present state, the result of a past act, hence with the proper force of a Greek Perfect.
		The Greek Aorist is used of any past event which is conceived of simply as an event (or as entered upon, or as accomplished), regardless alike of the existence or non-existence of an interval between itself and the moment of speaking, and of the question whether it precedes or not some other past action.
		The difference between an Historical Aorist and an Imperfect of action in progress or repeated being one not of the nature of the fact but of the speaker's conception of the fact, it is evident that the same fact may be expressed by either tense or by both.
	www.dabar.org /BurtonMoodsTenses/07-aor_ind.htm (3909 words)

	TENSE READINGS OF THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT
		In the 23rd verse the aorist occurs, but in verse 24 the present tense (be asking) is used, probably in view of the foreseen fact that there would be multitudes of half-believers, who must be encouraged to pray till they fully believe in the name of Jesus Christ.
		The aorist here teaches the possibility of an instantaneous death-stroke to inbred sin, and that there is no need of a slow and painful process, lingering till physical death or purgatorial fires end the torment.
		Unconnected and sudden aorist imperatives are used both in the New Testament and in classical authors to express the strong emotion of the speaker.
	homepage.mac.com /craigadams1/MILESTONE/CHPTR08A.html (8124 words)

	Liberating.the.Aorist
		Liberating the Aorist Tense from Time and Aspect, so that it can be an Aorist Tense Before you watch bearded bill pop off about aorists, or even verbs, one highly relevant, general observation seems much in order, namely: Thinking of verbs as action words is for the birds.
		Therefore aorist forms may be equivalent to imperfects, perfects, pluperfects (often in OGr and Johannine texts) and even futures.
		Duped.) Nothing about aorist forms should ever be seen as oppositional to or contradictory of asserting events or circumstances that may per se be stative, progressive or imperfective.
	www.ibiblio.org /bgreek/archives/97-05/msg00045.html (598 words)

	Course II, Lesson 2
		Remember that when compounds are augmented, the augmentation usually occurs at the beginning of the original verb stem, not at the beginning of the compounded word.
		Sometimes, the influence of the 1st aorist forms is seen in 2nd aorist verbs.
		Aorist Passive verbs are formed on a different stem than aorist active and aorist middle verbs.
	www.ntgreek.net /lesson22.htm (1276 words)

	Greek For Euclid
		Actually, the aorist is usually better characterized by augment of the verb stem (lengthening of the initial vowel), and the perfect by reduplication.
		The aorist imperative is lipe/tw (note that the augment is dropped), the present leipe/tw.
		In the aorist, the subjunctive is used, not the imperative, for negative commands.
	www.du.edu /~etuttle/classics/nugreek/lesson13.htm (1052 words)

	AORIST ENTERPRISES, INC. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Personnel, assigned by Aorist to perform work assignments at Customer, shall at all times be employees of Aorist, and Aorist shall be solely responsible for the timely payment of compensation to such employees and for making all withholdings, payments and reports required of a Colorado employer.
		Aorist agrees to maintain during the performance of work, commercial general liability insurance with limits of $1,000,000 each occurrence, and statutory workers' compensation and employer's liability insurance.
		Aorist hereby agrees to disclose to Customer and to assign any invention or idea, patentable or not, developed or conceived by Aorist or its employees in the performance of this Agreement.
	www.aorist.com /ser.html (956 words)

	Greek For Euclid
		There are active and middle present, future, aorist and perfect participles, and aorist passive participles, all of which are frequently encountered, as well as a few other rare kinds that we shall not consider here.
		The aorist describes a single definite action, while the perfect describes an action that is done first and has a lasting effect, before a later action.
		Therefore, an aorist participle generally refers to a past action that is complete at the time of the main verb, while the present participle refers to a current action that continues indefinitely at the same time as the action of the main verb.
	www.du.edu /~etuttle/classics/nugreek/lesson7.htm (1270 words)

	School of Celtic Studies - Indo-European origins of the Celtic Verb: The sigmatic aorist
		The present work has two parts; the first is concerned with the sigmatic aorist in Indo-European, and the second with the reflexes of this formation in Celtic.
		Part One will be concerned with the origins, in anterior stages of Indo-European itself, of the sigmatic aorist in its 'classical' form, and the morphological transformations which brought about the creation of this category in one dialect area of Indo-European.
		The point of departure is the classical sigmatic aorist, the only formal difference being the admission of both primary and secondary endings, as discussed above.
	www.celt.dias.ie /publications/cat/d/d1.html (2078 words)

	SALVATION & SANCTIFICATION: CRISIS & PROCESS (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The aorist tense often conveys action that is completed in the past, or action completed at a point in time.
		A careful study of the Greek will convince the student that it is a great mistake to teach that a single act of faith furnishes a person with a paid-up, non-forfeitable policy, assuring the holder that he will inherit eternal life, or that a single energy of faith secures a through ticket for heaven,....
		The aorist is used with regard to believing in a particular thing or fact in John 4:21, Matthew 8:13 and Hebrews 4:3.
	www.gbgm-umc.org /weidman/pastors/SalvSanct.html (2855 words)

	Conjugation of the 1st Aorist Indicative, Active and Middle
		The first person of the Aorist Indicative Active is the third principal part in the citation of a verb.
		Both in the Active and in the Middle voices (for those verbs that have a middle voice) the Indicative Aorist is a past tense.
		When the present stem of a verb ends in a consonant, the regular first aorist produces an encounter of that consonant with s, and therefore the phonetic results are the same as those that occur in the regular future.
	www.class.uh.edu /courses/grnl1/less9/ee9.5a.htm (319 words)

	THE BAPTISM OF THE SPIRIT --CONTINUED (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		All the grammars agree that when we speak of the aorist tense as punctiliar it is in terms of perspective, that is, how it is viewed or referred to apart from how the event itself may or may not have occurred.
		In view of the widespread misunderstanding of the meaning of "punctiliar" when applied to the aorist tense and its frequent misappropriation in biblical interpretation, perhaps the suggestion might be made that we do away altogether with saying that the aorist tense denotes punctiliar action.
		Of course since the aorist tense leaves the action undefined, it permits the possibility of punctiliar (crisis) action, but then again the appeal is to context and not to tense.
	wesley.nnu.edu /wesleyan_theology/theojrnl/11-15/15-13.htm (4013 words)

	NUN plus Aorist (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		If it is allowed that the aorist does not necessarily denote completed action but can speak of actions upto and inclusive of the present, then the traditional and Mari Olsen’s translation of Romans 11:31 are both possible.
		that the NUN + aorist has the effect of indicating that we are in a state of having received reconciliation, rather than stating that it was recently that we received this reconciliation.
		My own view is that the simplest attack on the aorist in the indicative is to understand it as referring to past time, though without implying that the action is necessarily completed.
	lists.ibiblio.org /pipermail/b-greek/2002-October/023258.html (1099 words)

	Tense - Aorist (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The aorist tense is characterized by its emphasis on punctiliar action; that is, the concept of the verb is considered without regard for past, present, or future time.
		The events described by the aorist tense are classified into a number of categories by grammarians.
		The most common of these include a view of the action as having begun from a certain point (“inceptive aorist”), or having ended at a certain point (“cumulative aorist”), or merely existing at a certain point (“punctiliar aorist”).
	www.craigwhite.net /craignew/cosb/tense-aorist.htm (172 words)

	Lesson X - The Aorist (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Quietly, with no fuss at all, he introduces the aorist, but makes little of the fact that there are at least three separate ways to form it.
		So, when you're memorizing your list of principal parts for a verb, and see that the aorist ends in alpha, you may be reasonably confident in how it is conjugated.
		They get grouped with the second aorists in traditional grammars, which I think is fairly misleading.
	www.aoidoi.org /articles/pharr/aorist1.php (369 words)

	Aorist Tense Definition:
		Aorist tense is used for simple action and looks at the action as a whole.
		This tense may also view the action from several other angles: the action in its entirety; from the viewpoint of its initiation, or from the viewpoint of its results.
		The aorist is a snapshot in time from various angles.
	www.gracedoctrine.org /word/Doctoutline/AoristTenseDefinition.htm (197 words)

	Aorist vs Present
		The picture is brought into focus by hWSEI EK NEKRWN ZWNTAS, a motif from the previous discussion in 6:1-11 on the new life from the sacrifical death of Christ.
		It may be significant that three of these aorists we've been talking about (Rom 12:1, 6:13b, 1 Thess 3:9) are used with TWi QEWi as recipient of the giving.
		Perhaps it is the divine addressee that shades the verb with this technical sense of sacrifice and shifts it into aorist.
	lists.ibiblio.org /pipermail/b-greek/2001-September/018436.html (398 words)

	Aorist or Future - Mayer
		But there is his having seen no systematic motivation for Slavic's preferred use of s-forms for the aorist versus Baltic's preferred use of s-forms for the future, sometimes with length differences between the two.
		And for all we know from available data, the stems to which s-forms, aorist or future, were affixed (with, presumably, specific tense markers), might indeed have been originally identical with further differences developed later.
		As the two Indo-European entities clashed, to emphasize distinctness, differentness, (Pre-) Baits chose to use the s-forms as futures while (Pre-) Slavs chose to use the s-forms as pasts, as aorists for standard functions.
	www.lituanus.org /1999/99_1_02.htm (1654 words)

	John 3:16 and eternal security (This Rock: September 1995)
		To put it simply, the Aorist tense describes one point in time, [Aorist Tense: The aorist tense is characterized by its emphasis on punctiliar action; that is, the concept of the verb is considered without regard for past, present, or future time.
		The three most common of these are (1) a view of the action as having begun from a certain point ("inceptive aorist"), or (2) having ended at a certain point ("cumulative aorist"), or (3) merely existing at a certain point ("punctiliar aorist").
		The common practice of rendering an aorist by a simple English past tense suffices in most cases.] while the present tense is used for current, ongoing action.[Present Tense: According to Dana and Manatee in their Manual Grammar of the Greek New Testament, "The fundamental significance of the present tense is the idea of progress.
	www.catholic.com /thisrock/1995/9509fea2.asp (1194 words)

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