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Topic: Aortic valve

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	Aortic valve stenosis - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Aortic valve stenosis (AS) is a heart condition caused by the incomplete opening of the aortic valve.
		While this method directly measures the valve area, the image may be difficult to obtain due to artifacts during echocardiography, and the measurements are dependant on the technician who has to manually trace the perimeter of the open aortic valve.
		The flow across the aortic valve is calculated by taking the cardiac output (measured in liters/minute) and dividing it by the heart rate (to give output per cardiac cycle) and then dividing it by the systolic ejection period measured in seconds per beat (to give flow per ventricular contraction).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Aortic_valve_stenosis (1665 words)

	Aortic valve - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The aortic valve is one of the valves of the heart.
		When the aortic valve is open, the normal size of the orifice is 3-4 cm².
		Aortic stenosis occurs in this condition usually in patients in their 40s or 50s, an average of 10 years earlier than can occur in people with congenitally normal aortic valves.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Aortic_valve (370 words)

	AORTIC VALVE REPLACEMENT (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Aortic valve replacement is an "open heart" procedure performed by cardithoracic surgeons for treatment of narrowing (stenosis) or leakage (regurgitation) of the aortic valve.
		The aortic valve opens to allow blood to leave the left ventricle (the main pumping chamber of the heart) and closes to prevent blood from leaking backwards into the ventricle from the rest of the body.
		The aortic valve is the outflow valve of the left side of the heart, meaning that it opens during systole (when the ventricle contracts or squeezes blood out into the aorta and the rest of the body).
	www.sts.org /doc/3620 (1497 words)

	Aortic Valve Disease
		Aortic stenosis, for the purposes of this chapter, refers to obstruction of flow at the level of the aortic valve, and will not include the sub- and supravalvular forms of this disease.
		For aortic stenosis due to a bicuspid valve, the approximate overall incidence of an anatomic bicuspid aortic valve is 1% to 2% of the population.
		Aortic regurgitation is defined by incompetence of the aortic valve, in which a portion of the left ventricular forward stroke volume returns to the chamber during diastole.
	www.clevelandclinicmeded.com /diseasemanagement/cardiology/aortic_valve/aortic_valve.htm (3488 words)

	Diseases of the Aortic Valve - Texas Heart Institute Heart Information Center
		Diseases of the heart valves are grouped according to which valve or valves are involved and the amount of blood flow that is disrupted by the problem.
		Aortic stenosis, a narrowing of the aortic valve that is often causes some degree of aortic regurgitation.
		Aortic stenosis is a narrowing or blockage of the aortic valve.
	www.tmc.edu /thi/vaortic.html (748 words)

	U-M CVC - Bicuspid Aortic Valve (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Bicuspid aortic valve occurs when the aortic valve does not develop normally while the baby is in the womb.
		The aortic valve (1) is one of four valves in the normal heart.
		Aortic valve leakage (called aortic regurgitation or aortic insufficiency) is less common during early childhood but can also develop over time.
	www.med.umich.edu /cvc/mchc/parbi.htm (538 words)

	Aortic Valve Stenosis and Insufficiency
		Aortic valves abnormal from birth usually have two leaflets (bicuspid), but other variations occur.
		When this occurs, the valve must be opened either 1) in the catheterization lab with a balloon valvotomy catheter or 2) in the operating room by open-heart surgery.
		The Ross procedure, a surgery in which your aortic valve is removed and replaced by your pulmonary valve.
	www.americanheart.org /presenter.jhtml?identifier=11068 (661 words)

	Aortic valve stenosis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Aortic valve stenosis — or aortic stenosis — is a condition in which the heart's aortic valve narrows.
		Aortic valve stenosis is often discovered during a routine physical when a doctor hears a heart murmur.
		Aortic valve stenosis also may be related to age and the buildup of calcium deposits on heart valves or a history of rheumatic fever.
	www.cnn.com /HEALTH/library/DS/00418.html (2955 words)

	Aortic valve regurgitation
		Aortic valve regurgitation — or aortic regurgitation — is a condition that occurs when your heart's aortic valve doesn't close tightly.
		Aortic valve regurgitation is most common in men between the ages of 30 and 60.
		Treatment of aortic valve regurgitation depends on the degree of the regurgitation, your signs and symptoms, and whether the regurgitation is affecting your heart function.
	www.cnn.com /HEALTH/library/DS/00419.html (2742 words)

	High cholesterol and calcification are to blame for aortic valve disease
		Narrowing of the aortic valve is a common condition that causes the heart to have to squeeze harder to support normal blood flow, causing the heart muscle to enlarge and eventually fail.
		Aortic valvular disease is the most common reason for surgical valve replacement.
		Earlier statin use may prolong the time to severe disease and the need for surgical valve replacement.” Statins are drugs that block the formation of cholesterol in the liver and increase the production of the receptors on liver cells that clean the bad cholesterol from the blood.
	www.eurekalert.org /pub_releases/2002-06/nmh-hca052402.php (415 words)

	Aortic valve stenosis \| AHealthyMe.com
		When aortic valve stenosis occurs, the aortic valve, located between the aorta and left ventricle of the heart, is narrower than normal size.
		The valve can be replaced with a mechanical valve, a valve from a pig, or by moving the patient's other heart valve (pulmonary) into the position of the aortic valve and then replacing the pulmonary valve with an mechanical one.
		The prognosis for aortic valve stenosis depends on the severity of the disease.
	www.ahealthyme.com /article/gale/100084247 (733 words)

	Brigham and Women's Hospital
		Minimally invasive aortic valve replacement is not as widely performed as the more traditional form of surgery, which requires the patient to undergo a complete sternotomy in order to access the heart.
		The aortic valve, located on the left side of the heart, is the opening through which blood is ejected to the rest of the body.
		Aortic valves generally cannot be repaired, especially if calcified, and are almost always replaced, either with an artificial valve or a biological valve.
	www.or-live.com /BrighamandWomens/1127 (631 words)

	Congenital Aortic Valve Stenosis
		Aortic valve stenosis is a narrowing of the aortic valve.
		The aortic valve opens to allow blood to flow from the left ventricle of the heart to the aorta, and then to the body.
		Aortic valve stenosis can run in families or may be due to something that happened to the fetus during pregnancy.
	www.hmc.psu.edu /healthinfo/c/conaorticvalve.htm (556 words)

	Aortic Valve Replacement, Endoscopic Procedure
		The aortic valve functions as a one-way valve between the heart and the rest of the body.
		Blood is pumped from the left ventricle of the heart, through the valve, and down the aorta, which in turn supplies blood to all of the organs in the body (see Figure 17).
		The function of the aortic valve is then twofold: (1) It provides a route for which blood can leave the heart, and (2) It prevents blood that has already left the heart from leaking backwards into the heart.
	www.heartsurgeons.com /pr4.html (851 words)

	Aortic Valve Surgery: Ross Procedure
		The Ross Procedure is a type of specialized aortic valve surgery where the patient's diseased aortic valve is replaced with his or her own pulmonary valve.
		A: The pulmonary valve and a segment of the pulmonary artery are excised.
		B: The diseased aortic valve and proximal tissue is removed, leaving the right and left coronary arteries with only a button of tissue.
	www.cts.usc.edu /rossprocedure.html (248 words)

	Aortic Regurgitation
		The aortic valve is between the heart's left ventricle and the aorta, the large artery that receives blood from the heart's left ventricle and distributes it to the body.
		Aortic regurgitation can also be caused by infections of the heart, such as rheumatic fever or infective endocarditis.
		Diseases that can cause the aortic root (the part of the aorta attached to the ventricle) to widen, such as the Marfan syndrome or high blood pressure, are other causes.
	www.americanheart.org /presenter.jhtml?identifier=4448 (323 words)

	eMedicine - Aortic Valve, Bicuspid : Article by Edward J Bayne, MD (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Bicuspid aortic valve is often observed with either coarctation of the aorta or interrupted aortic arch, suggesting a common developmental mechanism.
		Although bicuspid aortic valve is a common abnormality, complications may arise in as many as one third of patients over their lifetimes; this disorder, therefore, deserves close attention and medical follow-up.
		Bicuspid aortic valve is the second most common congenital etiology for infective endocarditis in infants and children; and overall, approximately 25% of endocarditis infections develop on a bicuspid valve.
	www.emedicine.com /ped/topic2486.htm (4684 words)

	Aortic Valve Replacement with a Homograft Valve -- Experts' Techniques -- CTSNet
		The aortic valve is excised and the annulus and sinus aorta debrided of all calcareous deposits.
		The diameter of the aortic root at the level of valve cusp attachment (annulus) is determined using standard sizing devices.
		The sinus aorta is trimmed away from the valve cusps leaving a 3-4 mm rim of aorta beyond the attachment of the cusps.
	www.ctsnet.org /doc/2383 (2021 words)

	MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia: Aortic insufficiency
		Aortic insufficiency is a heart valve disease in which the aortic valve weakens or balloons, preventing the valve from closing tightly.
		In the past, rheumatic fever was the primary cause of aortic insufficiency.
		These include congenital conditions (abnormalities of the valve which are present at birth), endocarditis (valve infection), high blood pressure, Marfan's syndrome, aortic dissection (a tear in the lining of the aorta), ankylosing spondylitis, Reiter's syndrome, syphilis (now rare), and other disorders.
	www.nlm.nih.gov /medlineplus/ency/article/000179.htm (683 words)

	Aortic Valve Regurgitation -- Overview
		Aortic valve regurgitation develops when the aortic valve does not function correctly.
		The aortic valve works like a one-way gate, opening so that blood from the left ventricle (the heart's main pump) can be pushed into the aorta, the large artery leaving the heart.
		At this point, an aortic valve replacement is typically needed to prevent abnormal heartbeats (arrhythmias), heart failure, and irreversible damage to the heart muscle.
	my.webmd.com /hw/heart_disease/hw179694.asp (264 words)

	Aortic Valve Disease -- Nishimura 106 (7): 770 -- Circulation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Aortic Valve Disease -- Nishimura 106 (7): 770 -- Circulation
		The aortic valve is fully closed, preventing any backflow of blood from the aorta to the left ventricle.
		B, In this patient with aortic regurgitation, there is an abnormal aortic valve (with only 2 cusps) that does not close fully.
	circ.ahajournals.org /cgi/content/full/106/7/770 (1114 words)

	Aortic Valve Replacement
		This means that a successful aortic valve replacement not only sutures in a new prosthesis, but sutures in a prosthesis large enough to allow the left ventricle to return to normal thickness.
		About 75% of the time this will be done easily because the site where the aortic valve prosthesis is implanted is big enough to accommodate a valve that will permit the left ventricle to return to normal.
		Gaudiani and Castro perform this operation routinely and they have published a paper on this which demonstrates that the technique certainly allows a larger valve to be placed and that the risk is no higher than that found in aortic valve replacement by the usual means.
	www.or-live.com /medtronic/1200 (505 words)

	Aortic Valve Stenosis
		This is a narrowing of the opening of the aortic valve.
		It is due to abnormalities of the valve.
		Valve replacement is usually needed by mid- to late childhood.
	www.csmc.edu /5801.html (419 words)

	Aortic valve definition - Medical Dictionary definitions of popular medical terms
		Aortic valve: One of the four valves in the heart, this valve is situated at exit of the left ventricle of the heart where the aorta (the largest of all arteries) begins.
		The aortic valve lets blood from the left ventricle be pumped up (ejected) into the aorta but prevents blood once it is in the aorta from returning to the heart.
		Aortic Stenosis - Aortic Valve Stenosis is the narrowing (stenosis) of the heart valve between the left ventricle of the heart and the aorta.
	www.medterms.com /script/main/art.asp?articlekey=2298 (224 words)

	Clinical and Pathophysiological Implications of a Bicuspid Aortic Valve -- Fedak et al. 106 (8): 900 -- Circulation
		The pathogenesis of congenital aortic valve malformations is
		Coronary artery anomalies and aortic valve morphology in the Syrian hamster.
		Histologic abnormalities of the ascending aorta and pulmonary trunk in patients with bicuspid aortic valve disease: clinical relevance to the Ross procedure.
	circ.ahajournals.org /cgi/content/full/106/8/900 (2828 words)

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