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sandhills gregarine survey & www gregarine information server The prevalence of arthropod design and the ubiquity of parasitism provide a novel view of life on earth: the "average" living animal, taxonomically and numerically, is an arthropod less than 1 inch long that probably hosts at least one, if not several, parasitic taxa (Groombridge, 1992; Price, 1980; Wilson, 1988). The septate gregarines (Protista: Apicomplexa: Eugregarinida) are arguably one of the least known but most intriguing parasite groups living today. They are a diverse group of small, gut-dwelling protozoans that parasitize a wide array of invertebrates including insects, crustaceans, mollusks, arachnids, and annelids. science.peru.edu /gregarina   (796 words)

Publications of S.J. Upton A redescription of Eimeria macyi (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) from the eastern pipistrelle, Pipistrellus subflavus (Mammalia: Chiroptera), from Arkansas. (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) from Bibron's gecko, Pachydactylus bibronii (Reptilia: Gekkonidae). In vitro excystation of Caryospora simplex (Apicomplexa: Eimeriorina). www.k-state.edu /parasitology/publist   (4201 words)

Coccidia of the World (Apicomplexa: Sporozoea: Coccidia) from Chondrostoma polylepis (Pisces: Cyprinidae) of the Duero basin (NW Spain). (Apicomplexa: Sporozoea) from the liver of tucunare Cichla ocellaris in Brazil. (Apicomplexa, Eimeriidae), a parasite of the goblet and epithelial cells of the gudgeon (Gobio gobio L.). biology.unm.edu /biology/coccidia/fishbib.html   (9906 words)

Evolution and Phylogenetic Relationships   (Site not responding. Last check: ) Apicomplexa, ciliates, and dinoflagellates form a higher order group known as "Alveolata." A major defining characteristic of the this group are flattened vesicle-like structures, cortical alveolae, which are found underneath the plasma membrane. A defining characteristic of the apicomplexa is a group of organelles found at one end, the apical end, of the organism. This group of organelles is called the apical complex and includes secretory organelles known as micronemes and rhoptries, polar rings composed of microtubules, and in some species a conoid which lies within the polar rings. www.personal.psu.edu /jps324/biodiversity/evo_phy.html   (191 words)

Publications Duszynski, D.W. Coccidian parasites (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) from insectivores. Caryospora simplex (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) from a captive Kaznakov's viper (Vipera kaznakovi). A revision of the taxonomy and nomenclature of the eimerians (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) from rodents in the Tribe Marmotini (Sciuridae). www.unm.edu /~eimeria/pubs.htm   (2411 words)

Phylogeny of gregarines (Apicomplexa) as inferred from small-subunit rDNA and {beta}-tubulin -- Leander et al. 53 (1): ...   (Site not responding. Last check: ) Phylogeny of gregarines (Apicomplexa) as inferred from small-subunit rDNA and (Apicomplexa, Eugregarinida, Leidyanidae) from the Madagascar hissing cockroach, Gromphadorhina portentosa (Insecta, Blattodea). Wolters, J. The troublesome parasites – molecular and morphological evidence that Apicomplexa belong to the dinoflagellate–ciliate clade. ijs.sgmjournals.org /cgi/content/full/53/1/345   (4421 words)

Apicomplexa The Apicomplexa are a large group of almost exclusively parasitic protozoa, characterized by a complicated apical complex at the anterior of the cell. They have a pellicle composed of packed alveoli, and this and other traits indicate membership in a group called the alveolates, among which they appear particularly closely related to the dinoflagellates. Two genera of free-living flagellates, Perkinsus[?] and Colpodella[?], are generally included here, though they may be closer to the dinoflagellates than to the other Apicomplexa. www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/ap/Apicomplexa.html   (100 words)

Carotenoid synthesis inhibiting herbicides and fatty acid synthesis inhibiting oxime herbicides as anti-Apicomplexa ... Protozoan parasites of the phylum Apicomplexa include the causative agents of the human disease malaria, as well as the agents of cattle diseases such as Texas cattle fever and East Coast fever. A 35-kb genome of plastid origin has been found in several of the Apicomplexa and it is through to be present in all protozoan species which are members of this phylum. Replication of the Apicomplexa protozoan parasite T. gondii has been found to be sensitive to inhibition by dinitroaniline herbicides at concentrations which do not inhibit host primary human fibroblasts. www.freepatentsonline.com /5859028.html   (2467 words)

Medmicro Chapter 77 In the hemoflagellates the terms amastigote, promastigote, epimastigote, and trypomastigote designate trophozoite stages that differ in the absence or presence of a flagellum and in the position of the kinetoplast associated with the flagellum. A variety of terms are employed for stages in the Apicomplexa, such as tachyzoite and bradyzoite for Toxoplasma gondii. Reproduction in the Protozoa may be asexual, as in the amebas and flagellates that infect humans, or both asexual and sexual, as in the Apicomplexa of medical importance. gsbs.utmb.edu /microbook/ch077.htm   (2466 words)

Palaeos Eukarya: Alveolata When trichocysts are present cortical alveoli are typically inflated and morphologically discrete, often with internal plates; when trichocysts are absent they are typically highly compressed and often fused into an inner membrane complex. The Apicomplexa are common parasites of insects, vertebrates, and almost everything else. Motile forms of Apicomplexa crawl along the substratum in a non-amoeboid fashion known as gliding motility, which is poorly understood. www.palaeos.com /Eukarya/Units/Alveolata/Alveolata.html   (1930 words)

Publications A survey of the coccidian parasites of reptiles from islands of the Galàpagos Archipelago: 1990-1994. (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) from rodents in the Tribe Marmotini. Phylogenetic position of Eimeria antrozoi, a bat coccidium (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) and its relationship to morphologically similar Eimeria spp. biology.unm.edu /biology/coccidia/pro1.html   (780 words)

CiteULike: Invasion of red blood cells by malaria parasites.   (Site not responding. Last check: ) The malaria parasite is the most important member of the Apicomplexa, a large and highly successful phylum of intracellular parasites. All Apicomplexa adopt a common mode of host-cell entry, but individual species incorporate unique features and utilize a specific set of ligand-receptor interactions. While some Apicomplexa can invade many different host cells, the disease-associated blood-stage form of the malaria parasite is restricted to erythrocytes. www.citeulike.org /user/Sharpshoot/article/523190   (274 words)

BOTW Directory - Science > Biology > Plants and Animals > Protista > Apicomplexa Comparative Analysis of Apicomplexa and Genomic Diversity in Eukaryotes - Provides access to the study by Thomas J. Templeton, et. Intestinal Coccidia (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) of Brazilian Lizards - Presents the study by Ralph Lainson. Mikko's Phylogeny Archive Apicomplexa - Presents a taxonomic tree for this protist group. botw.org /top/Science/Biology/Plants_and_Animals/Protista/Apicomplexa   (447 words)

Apicomplexa -- Encylopedic Reference of Parasitology and translocated on the surface of the parasite upon interaction with host cells appear to be essential in parasite-host cell interaction in all Apicomplexa. Although Plasmodium sporozoites have been shown to invade a rather large range of cells in vitro, their very efficient homing to the hepatocytes in vivo is probably driven by the affinity between the circumsporozoite surface protein CSP and the hepatocyte surface heparan sulfate proteoglycans. Thus, even if some uncertainties persist, the invasion process is probably identical for all intracellular Apicomplexa, characterized by a moving junction and the development of the parasitophorous vacuole. parasitology.informatik.uni-wuerzburg.de /login/n/h/0097.html   (3993 words)

Gene Discovery in the Apicomplexa as Revealed by EST Sequencing and Assembly of a Comparative Gene Database -- Li et ... Gene Discovery in the Apicomplexa as Revealed by EST Sequencing and Assembly of a Comparative Gene Database -- Li et al. the phylum Apicomplexa were undertaken for the purpose of gene discovery. Organisms were chosen to illustrate relationships among the Alveolata with an emphasis on the Apicomplexa. www.genome.org /cgi/content/full/13/3/443   (6407 words)

[No title] McQuistion, T.E. and Wilson, M. Isospora geospizae, a new coccidian parasite (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) from the small ground finch (Geospiza fuliginosa) and the medium ground finch (Geospiza fortis) from the Galapagos Islands. McQuistion, T.E. Eimeria palumbi ; a new coccidian parasite (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) from the Galapagos dove (Zenaida galapagoensis). McQuistion, T.E., Barber, C.Y. and Capparella, A.P. Isospora automoli, a new coccidian parasite (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) from the buff-throated foliage-gleaner (Automolus ochrolaemus) and the olive-backed foliage-gleaner (Automolus infuscatus) from South America. www.millikin.edu /Biology/f_dtmq.htm   (752 words)

Intestinal Protozoa For example, Giardia lamblia can cause severe acute diarrhea which may lead to a chronic diarrhea and nutritional disorders; Entamoeba histolytica can become a highly virulent and invasive organism that causes a potentially lethal systemic disease. Apicomplexa and microsporidia species (discussed elsewhere), which normally do not evoke severe disease, can cause severe and life-threatening diarrhea in AIDS patients and other immunocompromised individuals. Trichomonas vaginalis does not reside within the gastro-intestinal tract, but is often discussed with the intestinal flagellates. www.tulane.edu /~wiser/protozoology/notes/intes.html   (10832 words)

Lateral transfer at the gene and subgenic levels in the evolution of eukaryotic enolase -- Keeling and Palmer 98 (19): ... Apicomplexa are obligate intracellular parasites, many of which of their endosymbionts, as was previously suggested of apicomplexa. to the presence of a plastid in apicomplexa. www.pnas.org /cgi/content/full/98/19/10745   (4831 words)

[No title]   (Site not responding. Last check: ) The Apicomplexa are a unique group because all members are parasitic. Members of this group lack any visible means of locomotion (most are intracellular) and all have complex life cycles. Rhoptries and micronemes probably are secretory organelles and facilitate penetration into host cell. www.cvm.okstate.edu /instruction/kocan/vpar5333/5333iih.htm   (203 words)

Cytoskeleton of Apicomplexan Parasites -- Morrissette and Sibley 66 (1): 21 -- Microbiology and Molecular Biology ... Summary: The Apicomplexa are a phylum of diverse obligate intracellular Infection by parasitic protozoa of the phylum Apicomplexa causes Secretion of trials during gliding motility of Eimeria nieschulzi (Apicomplexa, Coccidia) sporozoites visualized by a monoclonal antibody and immuno-gold-silver enhancement. mmbr.asm.org /cgi/content/full/66/1/21   (8016 words)

BioMed Central | Full text | A new Apicomplexa-specific protein kinase family : multiple members in Plasmodium ...   (Site not responding. Last check: ) All family members are hybrid genes with a conserved C-terminal protein kinase domain of a novel type, recently called FIKK kinase, associated with a non conserved N-terminal region without any known functional signature. are protozoan parasites (phylum Apicomplexa, class Sporozoa, order Haemosporida) with a complex life cycle, including alternating development phases in mosquito and vertebrate hosts. Since the kinase activity has not been formally demonstrated, and since the only paralog characterised in some detail so far is R45 (PFD1175w) [4-9], we prefer to name it the R45-FIKK kinase family. www.biomedcentral.com /1471-2164/6/30   (6178 words)

Cryptosporidium parvum appears to lack a plastid genome -- Zhu et al. 146 (2): 315 -- Microbiology   (Site not responding. Last check: ) a second evolutionary fate for this organelle in the Apicomplexa. Morrison, D. and Ellis, J. Effects of nucleotide sequence alignment on phylogeny estimation: a case study of 18S rDNAs of Apicomplexa. Wilson, R. and Williamson, D. Extrachromosomal DNA in the Apicomplexa. mic.sgmjournals.org /cgi/content/full/146/2/315   (2903 words)

Comparative Analysis of Apicomplexa and Genomic Diversity in Eukaryotes -- Templeton et al. 14 (9): 1686 -- Genome ... Comparative Analysis of Apicomplexa and Genomic Diversity in Eukaryotes -- Templeton et al. Surface proteins (or extracellular secreted proteins) are defined as those proteins that contain a predicted signal peptide sequence, lack of ER retention signals, and in many instances, contain transmembrane regions, globular cysteine-rich domains, or known surface protein domains. Note that smaller OC values are observed in the Apicomplexa for functional classes such as chromatin dynamics and splicing. www.genome.org /cgi/content/full/14/9/1686   (5593 words)

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