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	Apollo-Soyuz Test Project - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The Apollo Spacecraft and Docking Module were launched on a Saturn IB rocket.
		Soyuz 19 spacecraft as seen from Apollo CM The docking was made possible by a specially-built adapter that was carried into orbit with the Apollo craft and took place on July 17, 1975.
		The only serious problem that arose was due to the Apollo crew making a mistake during their preparations for re-entry that resulted in a very rough landing and the capsule filling with noxious fumes.
	www.northmiami.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/Apollo-Soyuz (955 words)

	Soyuz spacecraft - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		In the Command Module of the Apollo spacecraft there were 6 cubic metres of living space for a mass of 5000 kg; the Soyuz provided the same crew with 9 cubic meters of living space, an airlock, and the service module for the mass of the Apollo capsule alone.
		Apollo 8 won the race to circle the moon and the goal was scrapped, along with the two remaining 7K-L1s.
		The Soyuz ASTP spacecraft was designed for use during the Apollo Soyuz Test Project.
	www.eastcleveland.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/Soyuz_spacecraft (1303 words)

	MSN Encarta - Apollo Program
		Apollo 13 was launched on April 11, 1970, as the third planned lunar landing mission.
		Apollo 14, the third mission to land on the moon, was launched on January 31, 1971.
		Apollo 17 was the third extended scientific exploration of the moon and the final mission of the formal Apollo program.
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761564360_4/Apollo_Program.html (1400 words)

	Apollo-Soyuz Test Project
		The Soyuz 19 spacecraft was launched about seven hours ahead of the Apollo ASTP.
		Stafford and Slayton entered the docking module and adjusted the air pressure inside, and finally, in an event broadcast live on global television, the two cosmonauts entered through their side of the docking module and shook hands with the waiting astronauts.
		Soyuz 19 landed in Russia on Jul. 21 while the Apollo craft remained in space another three days to conduct more on-orbit experiments.
	www.daviddarling.info /encyclopedia/A/Apollo-Soyuz.html (769 words)

	ASTP - Joint Apollo/Soyuz flight activities (27553)
		As Soyuz continued its circular orbit, Slayton took Apollo out of plane with Soyuz and oriented his craft so that its nose was pointed at the reflector on the side of the other ship.
		On the 150-meter phase of the experiment, light from a Soyuz port led to a misalignment of the spectrometer, but on the 500-meter pass excellent data were received; on the 1,000-meter pass satisfactory results were also obtained.
		Soyuz was below and moving ahead of Apollo at a rate of 6 to 8 kilometres per orbit.
	www.astronautix.com /details/ast27553.htm (1344 words)

	Apollo (ASTP)
		Apollo's orbit was circularised at 167.4 by 164.7 kilometres at 6:35.
		Soyuz 19 initial orbital parameters were 220.8 by 185.07 kilometres, at the desired inclination of 51.80°, while the period of the first orbit was 88.6 minutes.
		Apollo and Soyuz modify their orbits in preparation for the docking in space planned for the next day.
	www.astronautix.com /flights/apooastp.htm (14430 words)

	Apollo (ASTP)
		Apollo continued in orbit on 22-23 July to conduct 23 independent experiments - including a doppler tracking experiment (MA-089) and geodynamics experiment (MA-128) designed to verify which of two techniques would be best suited for studying plate tectonics from earth orbit.
		However the flight of the last Apollo spacecraft was marred by the fact that the crew almost perished while the capsule was descending under its parachute.
		Where the geodynamics experiment utilised Apollo and ATS 6 in an attempt to measure these movements (the so-called low-high approach), the doppler tracking experiment involved the use of two satellites in low earth orbit (the low-low approach) to measure the existence of "mass anomalies" greater than 200 kilometres in size.
	www.friends-partners.org /partners/mwade/details/apooastp.htm (7302 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The first manned mission, Apollo 7, launched on October 11th, although only orbiting the Earth, was a huge success and it brought NASA one step closer to the moon.
		Apollo 8 tested the command module in lunar orbit, Apollo 9 tested the command and lunar modules in Earth orbit, and Apollo 10 teasted both spacecrafts in lunar orbit.
		Apollo 13's moon landing was aborted due to an oxygen tank explosion, but the astronauts were safely recovered.
	coe.fgcu.edu /students/Dvorak/page4.html (891 words)

	Spaceflight :The Apollo-Soyuz Test Project
		Apollo Commander, Astronaut Thomas P. Stafford (in foreground) and Soyuz Commander, Cosmonaut Alexei A. Leonov make their historic handshake in space during the joint Russian/American docking mission known as the ASTP, or Apollo Soyuz Test Project.
		Since the Apollo and Soyuz were vastly different spacecraft with incompatible docking systems, American and Soviet planners decided designed and built an interface known as the Docking Module.
		The ASTP Soyuz was known as the 7K-M and was equipped with new solar panels and modified controls.
	www.centennialofflight.gov /essay/SPACEFLIGHT/ASTP/SP24.htm (1695 words)

	Apollo 10 Mission Overview (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Apollo 10 was a “dress rehearsal” for the landing missions that would follow and as such, it was a fully configured spacecraft.
		He was back-up pilot for Gemini 3, pilot for Gemini 6, command pilot for Gemini 9 upon the death of a primary crew member, back-up commander for Apollo 7, commander of Apollo 10, and commander of the Apollo-Soyuz Test Project.
		He was the pilot of Gemini 9, back-up pilot for Gemini 12, back-up lunar module pilot for Apollo 7, lunar module pilot on Apollo 10, and back-up commander for Apollo 14.
	www.lpi.usra.edu /expmoon/Apollo10/A10_Overview.html (651 words)

	The Apollo Program
		Apollo Lunar Surface Journal: An excellent site containing the transcripts of all the transmissions between Earth and the Moon while the astronauts were on the surface.
		On the Moon with Apollo 16: A Guidebook to the Descartes Region: This guidebook contains many photographs and diagrams of the Descartes region and the equipment used on Apollo 16 for research and exploration and also explains the importance of scientific research in the region.
		Apollo Command Module Earth Entry: Dedicated to one of the most critical phases of the Apollo landing, the Earth re-entry.
	history.nasa.gov /apollo.html (1036 words)

	Apollo-Soyuz Test Project - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		As the Saturn IB launcher and Apollo CSM were all surplus material, ASTP was the most inexpensive manned space program ever mounted.
		Launch of the Saturn IB rocket carrying the Apollo Command Module into orbit.
		The ASTP was the end of Project Apollo.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Apollo-Soyuz_Test_Project (920 words)

	Was the Soyuz Design Stolen?
		In 1962 the classic Soyuz 'headlight' configuration was selected: a hemispherical forebody transition in a barely conical (7 degree) section to the section-of-a-sphere heat shield.
		However developers of the Soyuz recall that it was preceded by the Sever, which had the same size re-entry capsule 'but was 50% larger' (presumably by volume, meaning its dimensions were only 15% greater).
		For the Soyuz A the original mass on earth orbit injection was 5,880 kg.
	www.friends-partners.org /partners/mwade/articles/wastolen.htm (3709 words)

	JSC Celebrates 40 Years
		The two commanders of their respective crews are in the Apollo Command Module trainer at Building 35 at the Johnson Space Center.
		Soyuz 19 returned to Earth on July 21 and the Apollo crew remained in orbit until splashdown on July 24.
		The final mission of the Apollo era, in July 1975, was the first in which spacecraft from two nations rendezvoused and docked in orbit.
	www.jsc.nasa.gov /history/jsc40/jsc40_pg15.htm (548 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The entire Apollo project was meant to have had ten visits to the lunar surface, but after Apollo 17, the other missions were scrubbed.
		To fill the void between Apollo 17 (Dec. '72), and the first flights of the Space Shuttle (April, '81) two projects were carried out to insure a US presence in space: the Apollo-Soyuz Test Project ("ASTP"), and Skylab.
		With the cancellation of the remaining Apollo lunar missions, a much-improved design resulted because a surplus Saturn V was now available to lift the space station to orbit.
	ganymede.nmsu.edu /tharriso/class14.html (984 words)

	[No title]
		Together, the Apollo capsule and the Docking Module were mounted atop the Saturn IB for launch, weighing 14,900 kilograms and having 12.9 meters of length.
		The Soyuz spacecraft was also based on third generation technology; the first two being the Vostok and the Voskhod.
		Soyuz was launched by a booster that had been a mainstay of the Soviet manned space program for years.
	www.tsgc.utexas.edu /archive/fulltext/astp2.word (1702 words)

	Sandcastle V.I. - Spaceflight Directory - Apollo-Soyuz Flight Details
		Soyuz was the passive target for docking by the Apollo spacecraft.
		The next Soyuz flight, Soyuz 20, was an unmanned test mission launched on 11/17/75.
		Soyuz and Apollo remained docked for 2 days.
	www.sandcastlevi.com /space/astp-00.htm (162 words)

	Apollo-Soyuz, Jupiter51.com
		Apollo then maneuvered to rendezvous and docking 52 hours after the Soyuz launch.
		The Apollo and Soyuz crews conducted a variety of experiments over a two-day period.
		Seven and one-half hours later, the U.S. Apollo spacecraft was launched with its crew of American astronauts.
	www.calgarycoin.com /jupiter51/apollo-soyuz.htm (217 words)

	Remote Sensing Tutorial Page 12-3
		In 1973, even as the lunar exploration phase of the Apollo program was winding down, the U.S. launched its first space station, Skylab, a large Earth-orbiting module that was actually the top or front stage of a Saturn V rocket.
		In 1975, the last Apollo spacecraft (once destined to be on Apollo 18 to the Moon) was placed in orbit for a docking test with the (fully cooperating) Soviet Soyuz space station.
		The very last Apollo mission was flown in 1975, involving the first link-up with a former Soviet Soyuz spacecraft (Shepard and Slayton, 1994) *.
	rst.gsfc.nasa.gov /Sect12/Sect12_3.html (668 words)

	Arts-Letters.com \| SpaceAge - Apollo Soyuz Test Program
		On July 16, 1975, the Apollo spacecraft had set out to chase and to overtake the Soyuz spacecraft.
		At 10:46 am, Apollo was given the go signal to dock.
		Because the Apollo spacecraft was more maneuverable, the Soyuz remained stationary while the Apollo docked with it.
	www.arts-letters.com /SPACEAGE/astp.html (204 words)

	Apollo-Soyuz Crew
		Beside the printed instructions (in Russian) for the docking maneuvers, he jotted a reminder of some English words of welcome to Apollo commander Thomas Stafford.
		gift from Apollo commander Thomas P. Stafford, a granite marker outside the west end of the Museum commemorates the Apollo-Soyuz mission.
		The trees behind the marker were planted by the Apollo-Soyuz crews as a gesture of friendship.
	www.nasm.si.edu /exhibitions/gal114/SpaceRace/sec500/sec521.htm (157 words)

	The Launchpad -- Skylab & Apollo-Soyuz Test Project (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		After the Apollo 17 mission in 1972, all further moon missions were cancelled.
		The Apollo spacecraft was used to ferry astronauts to Skylab.
		An Apollo and a Soyuz spacecraft docked in orbit.
	web.utk.edu /~mkirkham/nasa/apolx.html (141 words)

	MSFC-01223 - Apollo-Soyuz Test Project Configuration (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The ASTP was the first international docking of the U.S.'s Apollo spacecraft and the U.S.S.R.'s Soyuz spacecraft in space.
		This system entailed developing a large habitable Docking Module (DM) to be carried on the Apollo spacecraft to facilitate the joining of two dissimilar spacecraft.
		The Marshall Space Flight Center was responsible for development and sustaining engineering of the Saturn IB launch vehicle during the mission.
	mix.msfc.nasa.gov /ABSTRACTS/MSFC-0101489.html (117 words)

	APOLLO - SOYUZ CREW - EPHEMERA UNSIGNED
		The bright gold Kapton covering was used as part of the thermal protection system of the Apollo Command Module.
		The attached fragment is a piece of Kapton removed from the Apollo command module crew compartment heat shield.
		This piece of Kapton orbited the earth from July 15-24, 1975 as part of the Apollo spacecraft involved in the Apollo-Soyuz Test Project." Fine condition.
	www.galleryofhistory.com /archive/12_2003/aviation_space/APOLLO1.htm (224 words)

	The Apollo-Soyuz Test Project
		Using techniques perfected during previous manned space flights, the Apollo spacecraft separated from the S-IVB booster, turned around, and docked with the ASTP docking module still attached to the S-IVB.
		The Soyuz 19 spacecraft was on its 35th orbit, while the Apollo spacecraft was on its 29th orbit.
		Soyuz 19 landed in Russia at 6:48 p.m.
	spaceline.org /astp.html (735 words)

	ABC News: Historic Apollo-Soyuz Flight Recalled (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Sitting next to him, Alexei Leonov, who captained the Soyuz capsule during the 1975 rendezvous, knocked on the wooden table for luck.
		The July 17-19, 1975, docking of the Apollo and Soyuz spacecraft the first international space mission was intended to test a new docking system that would allow U.S. and Soviet space vehicles to link up to provide rescue in case of emergency.
		Brand, who manned the Apollo capsule along with Thomas Stafford and the late Donald K. "Deke" Slayton, said that along with the technical goals, their flight had a sizable political task: "To open the door a little bit between East and West, to draw two space programs together."
	abcnews.go.com /Technology/wireStory?id=978644 (438 words)

	Sunbirds.com: Soyuz Touchdown On Earth - Apollo Soyuz Hookup - Russian Lacquer item (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Apollo and Soyuz hooked up in 1975 amidst an international frenzy.
		While the US and the USSR had all their missles pointed at one another, this showed that politicians were idiots and it is simple folk like the ones in these space vehicles that should be the example for children around the world.
		This stamped envelope shows this event and the Soyuz touchdown back on earth, in the stamp and the design.
	www.sunbirds.com /lacquer/box/994417 (726 words)

	The Apollo Training Team
		Favorite Apollo mission web links are listed to aid in your research of program information.
		We are proud to have been a small part of the team of dedicated scientists, engineers, technicians, and other personnel of administrative and support disciplines, who worked together for the success of the Apollo program.
		This web-site was prepared by a retiree of the training group with supporting inputs from other members of the training team.
	apollotrainingteam.com (313 words)

	Planetarium.Net Apollo Soyuz Human Spaceflight Timeline
		The final mission of the Apollo program was docking in space with a Russian Soyuz capsule.
		In July 1975 three Americans in an Apollo craft and two Russians in a Soyuz capsule conducted joint activities for nearly two days.
		American astronauts have since gained invaluable knowledge by living on the Mir Space Station and Russians will be essential in the building and running of the ISS.
	www.planetarium.net /edcenter/human/apsoyuz.htm (234 words)

	Lovaura.com Space Memorabilia - Apollo-Soyuz Test Project.
		On July 15, 1975, the former Soviet Union's Soyuz 19 spacecraft was launched with cosmonauts Alexei Leonov and Valeri Kubasov on board.
		Apollo carried a docking module designed to fit Soyuz at one end and Apollo at the other, with an airlock chamber in between.
		They all have a face value of 12K and depict one of two designs; (1) The docking of Apollo and Soyuz in Earth orbit, (2) Apollo and Soyuz orbiting the Earth docked together.
	www.lovaura.com /astp.htm (655 words)

	Apollo-Soyuz Test Project
		The Apollo spacecraft was the same design as those used on lunar exploration missions.
		Several modifications were made for the Apollo-Soyuz mission, however, including the addition of propellants for the reaction control system, heaters for temperature control, and extra equipment needed to operate the Docking Module.
		The mission began with the Soyuz launch on July 15, 1975, followed by the Apollo launch seven hours later.
	www.hq.nasa.gov /office/pao/History/astp (310 words)

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