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Topic: Apparent Visual Magnitude

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	Apparent magnitude - Encyclopedia.WorldSearch (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		The apparent magnitude (m) of a star, planet or other heavenly body is a measure of its apparent brightness; that is, the amount of light received from the object.
		The rate at which apparent brightness changes, as the distance from an object increases, is calculated by the inverse-square law (at cosmological distance scales, this is no longer quite true because of the curvature of space).
		The absolute magnitude, M, of a star or galaxy is the apparent magnitude it would have if it were 10 parsecs away; that of a planet (or other solar system body) is the apparent magnitude it would have if it were 1 astronomical unit away from both the Sun and Earth.
	encyclopedia.worldsearch.com /apparent_magnitude.htm (1107 words)

	What Is Visual Magnitude? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		"Visual magnitude" is a scale used by astronomers to measure the brightness of a star.
		The term "visual" means the brightness is being measured in the visible part of the spectrum, the part you can see with your eye (usually around 5500 angstroms).
		Apparent magnitudes are often written with a lower case "m" (like 3.24m).
	liftoff.msfc.nasa.gov /academy/universe/MAG.HTML (385 words)

	Apparent magnitude - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		The brightest stars were said to be of first magnitude (m = 1), while the faintest were of sixth magnitude (m = 6), the limit of human visual perception (without the aid of a telescope).
		For this purpose the UBV system is widely used, in which the magnitude is measured in three different wavelength bands: U (centred at about 350 nm, in the near ultraviolet), B (about 435 nm, in the blue region) and V (about 555 nm, in the middle of the human visual range in daylight).
		The V band was chosen for spectral purposes and gives magnitudes closely corresponding to those seen by the light-adapted human eye, and when an apparent magnitude is given without any further qualification, it is usually the V magnitude that is meant, more or less the same as visual magnitude.
	www.marylandheights.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/Apparent_magnitude (1176 words)

	Stellar Magnitudes
		The former is a convolution of the true brightness and the effect of distance on the observed brightness, because the intensity of light from a source decreases as the square of the distance (the inverse square law).
		However, the apparent magnitude is not so useful because it mixes up the intrinsic brightness of the star (which is related to its internal energy production) and the effect of distance (which has nothing to do with the intrinsic structure of the star).
		The apparent magnitude of various objects determined using light from the visible part of the spectrum is given in the adjacent table.
	csep10.phys.utk.edu /astr162/lect/stars/magnitudes.html (802 words)

	Apparent magnitude
		The rate at which apparent brightness changes, as the distance from an object increases, is calculated by the inverse-square law.
		The absolute magnitude, M, of an object, is the apparent magnitude it would have if it were 10 parsecs away.
		The V band was chosen so that it gives magnitudes closely corresponding to those seen by the human eye, and when an apparent magnitude is given without any further qualification, it is usually the V magnitude that is meant, also called visual magnitude.
	www.sciencedaily.com /encyclopedia/apparent_magnitude (870 words)

	Magnitude
		Apparent magnitude is the brightness of an object as it appears to an observer on Earth.
		Visual magnitude is the magnitude measured when using the light to which the human eye responds.
		Photographic magnitude is the magnitude measured by a standard photographic emulsion, which responds chiefly to the blue and violet part of the spectrum (although different photographic materials have very different colour responses).
	www.historyoftheuniverse.com /magnitude.html (618 words)

	Apparent magnitude -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		As the amount of light received actually depends on the thickness of the (The envelope of gases surrounding any celestial body) atmosphere in the line of sight to the object, the apparent magnitudes are normalized to the value it would have outside the atmosphere.
		For example, (The brightest star in the sky; in Canis Major) Sirius, the brightest star of the (The apparent surface of the imaginary sphere on which celestial bodies appear to be projected) celestial sphere, has an apparent magnitude of −1.44 to −1.46.
		For an object with a given ((astronomy) the magnitude that a star would have if it were viewed from a distance of 10 parsecs (32.62 light years) from the earth) absolute magnitude, 5 is added to the apparent magnitude for every tenfold increase in the distance to the object.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/A/Ap/Apparent_magnitude.htm (1239 words)

	Learn more about Apparent magnitude in the online encyclopedia. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		The apparent magnitude (m) of a star, planet or other heavenly body is a measure of its apparent brightness; that is, its brightness without regard to the object's distance from a point of observation.
		The brightest stars were said to be of first magnitude (m = +1), those which were only half as bright were of second magnitude, and so on up to sixth magnitude (m = +6), the limit of human visual perception (without a telescope or the like).
		For an object with given absolute magnitude, 5 is added to the relative magnitude when the distance is multiplied by 10.
	www.onlineencyclopedia.org /a/ap/apparent_magnitude.html (860 words)

	Astronomy Answers: AstronomyAnswerBook: Magnitudes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		A difference of five magnitudes corresponds to a brightness ratio of exactly 100: a star of magnitude 0 is 100 times as bright as a star of magnitude 5, and 10,000 (= 100 times 100) times as bright as a star of magnitude 10.
		The limiting magnitudes are as seen from the Earth: the Hubble Space Telescope in space might gain another 1.5 magnitudes because it does not have to look through an atmosphere that blurs and scatters light.
		The absolute magnitude is the magnitude the object would have if it were at a distance of 10 parsec (32.6 lightyears).
	www.astro.uu.nl /~strous/AA/en/antwoorden/magnituden.html (1812 words)

	Apparent magnitude - FreeEncyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		The apparent magnitude of a star, planet or other heavenly body is a measure of its brightness as seen from Earth.
		The brightest stars are said to be of first magnitude, the next brightest are of second magnitude, and so on down to sixth magnitude, the limit of naked eye visibility.
		In 1856, Norman R. Pogson[?] noticed that the traditional system could be approximated by assuming that a difference of one magnitude corresponds to a brightness ratio equal to the fifth root of 100, so that a typical first magnitude star is 100 times brighter than a typical sixth magnitude star.
	openproxy.ath.cx /ap/Apparent_magnitude.html (641 words)

	GAT: apparent magnitude - Wikibooks
		Apparent magnitude or apparent visual magnitude is the numerical value of light intensity that we give to stars as they appear (hence the word "apparent") on Earth.
		Some apparent magnitudes are: -26.8 for the Sun, -13 for the full moon, -1.47 for Sirius, 11.05 for Proxima Centauri.
		If star a has a magnitude of 1.2 and star b has a magnitude of 5.2, then star a is 40 times brighter than star b.
	en.wikibooks.org /wiki/GAT:_apparent_magnitude (286 words)

	Magnitudes and distance
		Q: Star A has an apparent visual magnitude of 7, and its light intensity is 100 times dimmer than that of star B. What is the apparent visual magnitude of star B? The intensities differ by a factor of 100, which means that the difference in magnitudes must be 5.
		As before, we denote such magnitudes measured through a V filter by the subscript V. The absolute magnitude is thus a measure of the intrinsic brightness of the object.
		One method is to determine the distance to the star, measure the apparent magnitude, and scale the apparent magnitude to a distance of 10 pc.
	www.astro.northwestern.edu /labs/m100/mags.html (2233 words)

	Basic Astrophysics
		The apparent magnitude is the brightness of a star as seen on Earth.
		The absolute magnitude of a star is conventionally defined as what its visual magnitude would be if it were at a distance of 10 parsecs (32.6 light-years) from Earth.
		Where it is possible to determine an approximate absolute magnitude for a star, however, it is related to the logarithm of the luminosity of the star, and is therefore useful for characterizing the "real" brightness of the star independent of its distance.
	hexadecimal.uoregon.edu /relativity/astro.html (879 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Its mean apparent visual magnitude is 7.2 and it is on the average 2.5 magnitudes fainter than the Basic FK5, which has a mean magnitude of 4.7.
		The new fundamental stars were selected according to their mean errors of positions and proper motions and the distribution on the sky coupled with the distribution in apparent magnitude (Corbin, 1985).
		Magnitudes published in the Carlsberg Meridian Catalogues and in the Perth 70 were also taken into account.
	ad.usno.navy.mil /star/FK5/FK5_PT2.TXT (2415 words)

	Science Fair Ideas (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		From the visual magnitude and the luminosity and spectral classes, you can then use a standard table to look up its magnitude in the 'J', 'H' and 'K' infrared bands.
		So, your model would predict in the visual band, that there would be 3 stars with magnitudes of +7.0 to +7.9 and 2 stars with magnitudes from +8.0 to +8.9.
		The 'star counts' in the infrared bands would be obtained by adding to the visual magnitudes above a correction factor, and then 'binning' the data in similar magnitude bins as for the visual magnitudes.
	image.gsfc.nasa.gov /poetry/sfair/q1597.html (565 words)

	Curious About Astronomy: What is apparent magnitude?
		That is, a magnitude 2 star is around 2.5 times fainter than a magnitude 1 star, while a magnitude 3 star is around 2.5 times fainter than a magnitude 2 star and therefore 2.5 x 2.5 = 6.3 times fainter than a magnitude 1 star.
		So the way we find that the Sun has a visual magnitude of -26.74 is that we measure how bright it appears from Earth and observe that we receive around 51 billion times as much light from the Sun as we do from Vega.
		For some opinions on the pros and cons of the apparent magnitude system (despite its complexity, there are more pros than you might think), have a look at this essay by Steve White from Kitt Peak National Observatory.
	curious.astro.cornell.edu /question.php?number=569 (929 words)

	Jurij Vega Information (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Therefore the Apparent magnitudevisual magnitude of Vega was decided to be, by definition, zero at all wavelengths (this is no longer the case, as apparent magnitude is now most commonly defined in terms of the flux from the star).
		It has also a relatively flat electromagnetic spectrum in the visual region (wavelength range 350-850 nanometers, most of which can be seen with the human eye), so the flux densities are roughly equal, 2000-4000 JanskyJy.
		The flux density of Vega drops rapidly in the infrared, and is near 100 Jy at 5 micrometres.
	www.echostatic.com /Jurij_Vega.html (684 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		A Absolute Bolometeric Magnitude The Absolute Magnitude we would observe if we could detect all wavelengths Absolute Visual Magnitude Intrinsic brightness of a star; the apparent visual magnitude the star would have if it were 10 Parsecs away from earth.
		P Parallax The apparent change in the position of an object due to a change in the location of the observer.
		Smooth Plain Apparently young plains on Mercury formed by lava flows at or soon after the formation of the Caloris Basin Solar Constant A measure of the energy output of the sun.
	lacyg.box.sk /glos/astro1 (7567 words)

	Magnitudes II (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		where m is the apparent magnitude and R is the distance to the star in parsec.
		The absolute magnitude is the apparent magnitude we would measure at a distance of 10 parsec from the star.
		The corresponding magnitude is the bolometric magnitude, m_bol.
	www.astro.wesleyan.edu /~anna/Astro211/0326b.html (631 words)

	Magnitude of an exoplanet orbiting within the habitable zone - A paper by A. Ahad
		If the Earth were placed at a standard distance of 1 AU from the observer in its heliocentric orbit and it exhibited a phase of 100% (full disk), the planet would shine with an apparent visual magnitude of -3.86.
		In equation (2) above, let m1 be the visual magnitude of the brighter source (i.e the Sun or the parent star) and let m2 be the visual magnitude of the fainter source (i.e.
		Conversely, if the apparent magnitude of such a planet were to be estimated by direct observation, we can deduce an approximation for its size/mass based on the assumed Earth/Jupiter photometric comparisons.
	www.astroscience.org /abdul-ahad/extrasolar-planets.htm (1593 words)

	Pleiades Photometry
		The color index, B-V, is the apparent blue magnitude (B) minus the apparent visual magnitude (V).
		By overlaying and aligning these main sequence stars on top of your apparent magnitude H-R diagram, you will be able to relate the apparent magnitude (m) of a cluster star to an absolute magnitude (M) from the main sequence plot.
		After the integrations are completed, the apparent magnitude of the object under study is displayed in the message box.
	www.phys-astro.sonoma.edu /courses/a231/pleiades_photometry.html (1838 words)

	Sacramento Peak: Magnitude (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		The faintest stars that one can see on a very dark night with a healthy, dark-adapted eye without visual aids such as binoculars or telescopes have a magnitude of about 6; there are 5026 such stars, according to the Bright Star Catalogue.
		If the limiting magnitudes are equal, one can see roughly the same number of stars at any given time of the night from any place on Earth, but your latitude determines which stars you can see at all at any time of the year.
		How long one has to expose a picture to record a very faint object depends on the magnitude of the object, on the optical quality of the instrument, on the length of the exposure, on the efficiency of the recording device, and on whether the object is point-like or extended.
	www.sunspot.noao.edu /sunspot/pr/answerbook/magnitude.html (1988 words)

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