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Topic: Apple snail

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	Ampullariidae - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Apple snails are exceptionally well adapted to tropical regions characterized by periods of drought alternating with periods of high rainfall.
		One of the more typical adaptations of apple snails is the branchial respiration system comparable with the gills of a fish (at the right side of the snail body) to breathe under water as well as a lung (at the left side of the body) to respirate air.
		Apple snails are popular aquarium-pets because of their attractive appearance and size.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Apple_snail (790 words)

	SOFIA - ATLSS - Snail Kite - Abstract (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		Because the snail kite feeds almost exclusively on the apple snail (Pomacea paludosa), it is an example of an extreme prey specialist, and would, therefore, be expected to be at high risk from environmental variations that affect apple snail dynamics.
		Apple snails occur in areas of extended inundation and their availability to kites is greatly reduced during droughts.
		Radio telemetry (282 birds) and mark-resighting of banded snail kites (913 birds) are being used to estimate survival, to evaluate the influences of environmental conditions (for example, hydrology) on survival, and to evaluate the movement patterns of snail kites in Florida, including what environmental conditions are correlated with these movements.
	sofia.usgs.gov /projects/atlss-old/snailkiteab1.html (870 words)

	Case Study: Golden Apple Snail
		Additionally, it was discovered that the golden apple snail was just as likely as the native apple snail to transfer the rat lungworm parasite, which can infect humans and is passed through undercooked snail meat.
		The blight of golden apple snails continues, however, as snails have spread to Indonesia, Thailand, Cambodia, Hong Kong, southern China, Japan and the Philippines.
		A 1989 introduction of golden apple snails to Hawaii wreaked havoc on the rice and taro fields of the islands.
	www.state.gov /g/oes/ocns/inv/cs/2312.htm (471 words)

	Using Apple Snails in Fry Tanks (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		Apple snails are very good at eating but not so hot on the digestion side of things.
		This means that the snail poop, having some nutrition left (and being semi-digested) encourages the growth of infusoria.
		So not only are the snails keeping the tank clean for you but they are also encouraging the growth of infusoria on which the fry will feed.
	home.mchsi.com /~masts/apple_snails_in_fry_tanks.htm (450 words)

	Fish-farming in Vietnamese rice fields fights golden apple snail pest
		Studies in the early 1990s in the Philippines, ten years after the snail was introduced for snail farming, revealed that nearly all rice farmers interviewed considered the snail their greatest pest problem.
		A training programme to increase farmers' awareness of the damage caused by golden apple snails and of control measures, with particular focus on integrated snail managment and the use of fish as a biological control agent.
		The snail infestation in Viet Nam has been mapped and the GIS is increasingly used as an important tool to evaluate both the spread of snails and the impact of control measures (see map).
	www.fao.org /NEWS/1998/980410-e.htm (836 words)

	Robyn's Snail Species Page
		An apple snail may be placated by lettuce and spinach in a planted tank.
		Apple snails have both gills and lungs (with a breathing tube to stick out of the water to get air) and a hinge to close themselves completely into their shells.
		Another keeper of apple snails says they are most active from 72 to 78 degrees F but to reduce their consumption and waste, temperatures from 65 to 70 degrees F can be used.
	www.fishpondinfo.com /snail2.htm (3324 words)

	Apple Snails
		The keeping of apple snails is a interesting endeavor as a hobby, but I would not recommend that they be kept with discus or other fish of value.
		Apple snails are able to breath via the water transport of oxygen much the same as fish, but they can also breath air direct via a tube extended out of the surface of the water.
		Oviparous snail such as the apple snail usually lay eggs in clusters which are incased in a jelly like substance above the water line.
	article.dphnet.com /cat-01/applesnails.shtml (787 words)

	Southeastern Outdoors - Apple Snail
		The Apple Snail is native to South America but is know known to have established populations in at least Florida, Georgia, Texas, California and Hawaii.
		Apple snails are a popular aquarium pet and many of the introduced populations are thought to have come from released pets.
		It i also known that these snails are spread from water body to water body by boaters and fisherman who may inadvertently transport the snails in live well water, minnow buckets, or on aquatic vegetation attached to boats or fishing gear.
	www.southeasternoutdoors.com /wildlife/mollusks/apple-snail.html (128 words)

	Golden Apple Snail - Pomacea bridgesi
		We were told that these snails leave large egg sacs which are easy to find and remove to stop unwanted snail infestations, but after a month and a half still nothing, perhaps he likes solitary life.
		Cool snail, he takes care of most of the wasted food on the bottom and does limited work on the algae, although the guppies never really allow the algae to get bad in the first place.
		Apple snails can be a very nice addition to your aquarium, but be careful that your snail is large enough to compete with certain fish who may try to knock it off the side of the tank, and also that your snail is compatible with your filter.
	www.aquahobby.com /gallery/e_pbridgesi.php (684 words)

	Apple Snails, apple snail care, snail care, black mystery snail, freshwater snails
		The Black Mystery Snail is one of about 120 species belonging to the Ampullariidae family, also known as the Apple Snail family.
		Apple Snails are very peaceful animals and should not be housed with any other animals that would like to make a meal of them.
		The sex of a snail can be determined if they are the same age and have been kept in the same environment and are fed the same foods in which case then females will be larger than males.
	www.geocities.com /elgecko1989/snails.html (413 words)

	Snails (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		The golden apple snail is prevalent in wetland such as seasonal swamps or rice fields.
		Aside from the rice plant, the golden apple snail also feeds and develops on azolla, duckweed, lotus, maize, parsley, pearl barley, ramie, rice, rush, taro, water chestnuts, water hyacinth, water oats, most lowland weeds, and other succulent leafy plants.
		The golden apple snails rasp plant tissue and cut of stems with their file-like radula or horny tongue.
	www.knowledgebank.irri.org /riceDoctor_MX/Fact_Sheets/Pests/Snails.htm (994 words)

	Snail - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The proportions of snail and nautilus shells are an example of the appearance of the golden ratio in nature.
		Although escargot is the French word for "snail", escargot on an English menu is generally reserved for snails prepared with traditional French recipes (served in the shell with a garlic and parsley butter).
		Snails are also popular in Portugal, where they are called "caracóis" (Portuguese for "snails"), and served in cheap snack houses and taverns, usually boiled with garlic and oregano.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Snail (1233 words)

	Apple Snail
		Apple snails have one more trick up their shells: Even if their ponds were to dry out, they just bury themselves in mud, close their shells up tight (they have a trap door which is called an operculum) and they go to sleep until conditions are better again.
		Some snails, like apple snails are legal to possess, however, other snails, like the Giant African land Snails are in some states and countries are very, very illegal to keep.
		Mom has many apple snails and she has told me many times that they are not the easiest of snails to keep clean and under control.
	www.manandmollusc.net /Odessa/apple1.html (1275 words)

	University of Florida News - Golf ball-sized snail is critical link in Everglades restoration
		GAINESVILLE, Fla. — The success of the $7.8 billion Everglades restoration project may rest on the apple snail — a golf ball-sized creature that is a key component of the food chain, say researchers from the University of Florida and two Florida water management districts.
		For example, the endangered snail kite and small alligators that rely on the apple snail for a large part of their food supply.
		“Apple snail populations have adapted to the periodic dry periods that are a natural part of the Florida wetland landscape,” Darby said.
	news.ufl.edu /2001/04/19/applesnail (667 words)

	The World’s Departments of AgricultureWANTED
		The shell of this apple snail species is globose and relatively heavy (especially in older snails).
		Ppopulations of apple snails can grow rapidly and it is difficult to control them due to their ability to withstand dry conditions in the mud.
		Apple snails may estivate for up to 5 months of the year, meaning that even with drought conditions or imposed drying, they will likely survive.
	www.manandmollusc.net /Odessa/apple-snail.html (1890 words)

	Apple Snail Colors: Bridgesii Color Basics
		The "albino" snail, although the color is not truely albinistic, as it posesses some pigment in the form of body spots.
		These snails are usually identified when a flash picture is taken, when the flash reflects off the clear shell layer and makes it appear white.
		In the apple snail community, there is an effort to establish a population of purples that breed true to the color, and to begin increasing purple snail numbers in the pet trade.
	www.angelfire.com /va/myevolution/snails/bridgesii.htm (1964 words)

	Pomacea bridgesii - Apple Snails - Mystery Snails. How I Take Care of Them, by Karen Lang
		Apple snails love to climb, and décor with no sharp edges is a great idea.
		Apple snails live up to 2 or 3 years, but when they expire it's easy to miss.
		My apple snails mostly have their own tanks, but in one of the tanks I do have male guppies and rosy red minnows, and they do not bother the snails.
	www.aquarticles.com /articles/breeding/Lang_Apple_Snails.html (975 words)

	ChucksLand of Apple Snail Care Info.
		Apple snails are a very helpful addition to any freshwater aqautic ecosystem because they play an important biotic role in their communities.
		Still it is important to remember, that these snails do need a diverse diet and require some simple care in order to maintain a healthy quality of life.
		Apple snails lay their eggs in clutches of 100+ above the water line.
	members.aol.com /chucksland/Aquaponics/snailcare.html (784 words)

	Robyn's Mollusk Page
		Snails do not need fresh vegetables daily unless there are a lot of them or they are large like apple snails.
		Most of these fish eat snails by crushing them in the back of their throats but puffers and some cichlids use their jaws and labryrinth fish (bettas, paradise fish, and gouramis) pull the snails out of their shells.
		Decollate Snails - someone sent me this interesting link to a site that sells these snails that are supposed to eat other snails; these are terrestrial snails; the person had found them in her yard.
	www.fishpondinfo.com /snail.htm (3417 words)

	Snails
		Snails help harden the water by leaching calcium from their shells, which is undesirable for the many Apistos which love soft water.
		Sexes are seperate but are not externally distinguishable in Apple snails unless you have a practiced eye and can detect the somewhat narrower and more vertical shell mouths of males as compared to females of some species.
		All apple snails have one thing in common though, = they all have big appetite and MUST be additionally fed with lettuce = leaves and fish food.
	www.thekrib.com /Fish/snail.html (4998 words)

	California Academy of Sciences - Science Now (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		With both a gill and a lung, apple snails are able to breathe both in and out of water.
		Perhaps because they carry their houses on their backs, apple snails are not exactly picky about their habitats.
		During this evolutionary process, apple snails never lost their gill - an advantage that enables them to make fewer trips to the surface, where they become vulnerable to predators.
	www.calacademy.org /science_now/archive/wild_lives/applesnail.html (220 words)

	Apple Snails (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		Apple snails are a large family of aquatic snails native to South America, Africa and India.
		This enables the snails to keep out predators but also acts as a water tight seal during times of drought in their natural habitat.
		Apple snails are often a good indicator of low oxygen levels in an aquarium.
	www.snailshop.co.uk /html/apple_snails.html (416 words)

	Fighting the channeled apple snail (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		The channeled apple snails are different from their smaller relatives, Florida's native apple snails.
		The first channeled apple snails were discovered in Florida in West Palm Beach in the late 1970s, but that was a subspecies that never spread beyond the area.
		Channeled apple snails have affected several Central Florida lakes, including Lake Brantley in Seminole County, Lake Tohopekaliga in Osceola County, Shingle Creek in Orange County and Lake Linda in Lake County.
	www.topix.net /content/trb/2751655915283503473708709166464240134966 (1127 words)

	Amazon Animals invertebrates - apple snail photo (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		The apple snail (in the mollusc family Ampullariidae) is among the Amazon's largest land snails, hence its name, being about the size of an apple.
		Locals consider the apple snail a delicacy and scientists are researching its potential for cultivation by farmers.
		For aquatic species such as apple snails, the threat is from fish.
	www.junglephotos.com /amazon/amanimals/aminvertebrates/applesnail.shtml (205 words)

	Welcome to applesnailmail.co.uk \| For the best Quality and Value Snails on the Net! (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		As with all Apple snails the colour intensifies with age.
		The body of the Jade snail is dark brown/fl/blue with lovely irridescent orange markings and eyes.
		These snails, like the apple snails, have breathing tubes although they are much shorter and visit the surface of the water less frequently.
	www.applesnailmail.co.uk /colourvarietiesspecies.htm (707 words)

	Apple Snail, Bureau of Plant and Apiary Inspection, DPI - FDACS
		Apple Snail, Bureau of Plant and Apiary Inspection, DPI - FDACS
		The apple snails (family Ampullariidae) in any living stage of development.
		Note: If apple snails are known to be in the nursery or production area, the nursery is not eligible for a compliance agreement and the plants must be fumigated before shipment (see section 4B of the regulation).
	www.doacs.state.fl.us /pi/plantinsp/apple_snail/apple_snail.html (325 words)

	Earthbeat - 04/03/2000: Golden Apple Snail
		The Golden Apple Snail begins life as bright pink eggs that are laid on the edge of waterways, and grows into an adult the size of your fist.
		Geoff Baker: The Golden Apple Snail’s origins are in fact in South America; it lives in the swampy lands to be found in Southern Brazil, the borders with Argentina, Paraguay, that part of the world.
		There’s so many snails that when they die they get crushed into the paddies, the snail shell edges are sharp and cutting the rice farmer’s feet when they go in there in bare feet.
	www.abc.net.au /rn/science/earth/stories/s108695.htm (1044 words)

	The golden apple snail in the rice fields of Asia
		The golden apple snail was introduced from Florida and Latin America to Taiwan (Province of China) and the Philippines in the early 1980s by private snail farmers hoping to reap big profits exporting snails to Europe.
		Easy to rear and fast breeding, the snail's high protein content also apparently made it an ideal supplement to the low-protein diet of the rural poor.
		Unfortunately, the snails were not a success with consumers, and although they were initially expensive, their market value soon plummeted.
	www.fao.org /NEWS/1998/RIFILI-E.HTM (233 words)

	Explanation of Apple Snail SESI model
		The pattern of the fractions of apple snail eggs produced through the year typically looks like that shown below, with the peak in April, such that the fractions add to 1.0.
		Mortality is applied to recently hatched snails at a rate that depends on the length of a drydown.
		If a drydown exceeds a month, it is assumed to kill all snails that were less than a month old during that period.
	atlss.org /cerp_runs/mod_info/d_apsnail.html (889 words)

	Pomacea Bridgessii, apple snail Profile, with care information
		When one hears about snails in an aquarium you think pest, but the apple snail can be one of the most colorful and satisfying additions.
		Tank Set-up: There aren’t any special requirements for the Apple snail as to whether they need plants or gravel etc., but it is always fun to watch the snails climb, hang and glide through the plant foliage or float upon the air bubbles created by air stones.
		My apple snail (which just died) use to close itself in its shell and float to the surface of the tank for a day or two, then just float back down and start looking for food.
	badmanstropicalfish.com /profiles/profile92.html (1718 words)

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