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Topic: Appropriation

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	APPROPRIATION - LoveToKnow Article on APPROPRIATION
		appropri are, to set aside), the act setting apart and applying to a particular use to the exclusion all other.
		In ecclesiastical law, appropriation is the perpetual nexation of an ecclesiastical benefice to the use of some spiritual rporation, either aggregate or sole.
		On the dissolution of the monasteries these great hes were often granted, with the monastic lands, to laymen, iose successors, known as lay impropriators or lay rectors, 11 hold them, the system being known as impropriation.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /A/AP/APPROPRIATION.htm (376 words)

	Appropriation - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Appropriation is the act of taking possession of or assigning purpose to properties or ideas and is important in many topics, including:
		Cultural appropriation is the borrowing, or theft, of an element of cultural expression of one group by another.
		The tort of appropriation is one form of invasion of privacy.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Appropriation (168 words)

	Glossary of Military Spending
		Appropriation Act: Statute, under the jurisdiction of the House and Senate Committees on Appropriations, that generally provides legal authority for federal agencies to incur obligations and to make payments out of Treasury for specified purposes.
		Normally a prerequisite for appropriations and may set specific limits on the amount that may be appropriated.
		Continuing appropriation: When action of regular appropriations bills is not completed before the beginning of the fiscal year, a continuing resolution or bill may be enacted to provide funding for the affected agencies for the full year, up to a specified date, or until their regular appropriations are enacted.
	www.cdi.org /issues/glossary.html (758 words)

	"Appropriation" Defined
		In general the appropriation may be made by the debtor, but this must be done by his express declaration, or by circumstances from which his intentions can be inferred.
		This appropriation, it seems, must be notified to the creditor at the time; for an entry made by the debtor in his own books, is not alone sufficient to determine the application of the payment.
		When once made, the appropriation cannot be changed; and, rendering an account, or bringing suit and declaring in a particular way, is evidence of such appropriation.
	www.lectlaw.com /def/a202.htm (479 words)

	Fair Use
		Appropriation in the arts has now spanned the entire Century, crossing mediumistic boundaries, and constantly expanding in emotional relevance from beginning to end regardless of the rise and fall of "style fronts".
		The act of appropriating from this media assault represents a kind of liberation from our status as helpless sponges which is so desired by the advertisers who pay for it all.
		Appropriation sees media, itself, as a telling source and subject, to be captured, rearranged, even manipulated, and injected back into the barrage by those who are subjected to it.
	www.negativland.com /fairuse.html (1947 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Legislative Counsel Explanation:This Resolution Authorizes The Appropriation Of The Sum Of $15,000 For The South County Chapter Of Rhode Island Arc.
		Legislative Counsel Explanation:This Resolution Authorizes The Appropriation Of The Sum Of $100,000 For The Depatment Of Education.
		Legislative Counsel Explanation:This Resolution Authorizes The Appropriation Of The Sum Of $14,250 To The South County Museum.
	www.supremelaw.org /copyrite/ri.us/wwwhouse.htm (13347 words)

	DLS - MFK, Appropriation
		An appropriation is usually specifies the source of funds, limits the amount and specifies the period during which the funds may be expended.
		Any part of an annual operating appropriation not spent or encumbered by June 30 automatically reverts to the undesignated fund balance that may result in free cash.
		41 § 58), the departmental appropriation is encumbered to extend the annual spending authorization until such time that the bill is paid or it is decided not to spend the funds.
	www.dls.state.ma.us /reference/glossary/refgls_approp.htm (198 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Appropriation
		Appropriation is not merely arbitrary; it is based on our knowledge of the Trinity, which knowledge has its sources and rules in Revelation (Scripture and tradition) and in the analogies which our reason discovers between created things and persons and the Persons of the Trinity as those persons are represented in Revelation.
		Among the names used in speaking of the Persons of the Trinity, the name God is often appropriated to the Father, the name Lord to the Son, the name Spirit, in the sense of immaterial substance, to the Third Person.
		Among the Divine attributes of action and operation, omnipotence is appropriated to the Father, with all the operations which it implies, especially creation; wisdom and its works, especially the order of the universe, to the Son; and to the Holy Ghost, charity and its works, especially sanctification (cf.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/01658a.htm (815 words)

	Reference.com/Encyclopedia/Appropriation bill
		The defeat of an appropriation bill in a parliamentary vote generally necessitates either a resignation of a government or the calling of a general election.
		What distinguishes a mandatory from a discretionary program is that after an authorization bill is enacted, a "mandatory" program is permitted to spend funds until the program expires based on a provision in the enacted bill, or until a subsequent piece of legislation either terminates the program or reauthorizes it.
		The defeat of an appropriation bill in the United States requires the passage of another appropriation bill in order for continued spending to occur, or passage of a bill known as a continuing resolution, which generally permits spending at prior year levels.
	www.reference.com /browse/wiki/Appropriation_bill (281 words)

	Chapter 538 — Withdrawal of Certain Waters From Appropriation;
		The waters of Hackett Creek, a tributary of the Sandy River located in Clackamas County, and of the tributaries of Hackett Creek, are withdrawn from appropriation or condemnation and shall not be diverted or interrupted for any purpose whatsoever, except for protecting fish life therein by the State Fish and Wildlife Commission.
		The City of Medford, any of its officers, and others on its behalf may appropriate all the waters for these purposes and an application therefor may be made for the benefit of the city, either by it in its own name, or by any of its officers or by any other person on its behalf.
		No person shall appropriate or be granted a permit to use any of the waters except as provided in this section, and for the use and benefit of the city.
	www.leg.state.or.us /ors/538.html (3139 words)

	Chapter 537 — Appropriation of Water Generally
		(1) The appropriation of water for the purpose of recharging ground water basins or reservoirs is declared to be for a beneficial purpose.
		An applicant for a permit to appropriate water for a new hydroelectric project shall submit to the department a complete copy of any application for the project filed with the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission or other federal agency.
		If the copy of the federal application is filed with the department at the same time it is filed with the federal agency, at the department’s discretion such copy may fulfill the requirements for an application under subsection (1) of this section.
	landru.leg.state.or.us /ors/537.html (7970 words)

	GAO: B-302582, Special Counsel and Permanent Indefinite Appropriation, September 30, 2004
		However, the permanent indefinite appropriation remains available to pay the expenses of an independent counsel (1) who was appointed by the Special Division of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia pursuant to the provisions of 28U.S.C. et seq.
		In a meeting with Department of Justice officials, [12] the Department explained its view that use of the permanent indefinite appropriation to pay expenses of a U.S. Attorney appointed to serve as Special Counsel who continues to perform his duty as a U.S. Attorney is appropriate.
		It should be noted that we have not objected to the use of the permanent indefinite appropriation to fund the expenses of regulatory independent counsels appointed from outside the government pursuant to such authority.
	www.gao.gov /decisions/appro/302582.htm (2754 words)

	Cultural Policy Program
		As the term suggests, appropriation art borrows common images from advertising, the mass media and elsewhere, places them in new contexts and, thereby, aims to change the way we think about these images.
		My final example is appropriation of mass media images by the artist Jeff Koons who was the defendant in three similar copyright cases in the 2nd Circuit.
		By appropriating an everyday image, he claimed that his work commented critically on a political and economic system that places too much value on mass produced commodities and media images.
	culturalpolicy.uchicago.edu /conf1999/landes.html (3034 words)

	Assessing The Administration's Five-Year Appropriation "Caps", Revised 3/1/05
		Under this proposal, enactment of appropriations in excess of the caps would lead automatically to across-the-board cuts in discretionary funding in the amounts needed to produce compliance with the caps.
		The proposed structure of the caps and the mechanism to enforce them is similar to the discretionary cap procedures enacted into law for five years as part of the Budget Enforcement Act of 1990 and then extended in 1993.
		In 1990, Congress enacted caps on appropriations, which applied separately to the amount of funding (budget authority) and estimated expenditures (outlays) provided by annual appropriations bills.
	www.cbpp.org /2-28-05bud.htm (3392 words)

	The Digital Library of the Commons
		The first phase is marked by the acknowledgement of the relationship between resource depletion and its form of appropriation.
		The focus on the interaction among resource users is appropriate for at least two reasons.
		Copyrights on documents in the DLC are held by the author(s).
	dlc.dlib.indiana.edu /documents/dir0/00/00/00/33/index.html (604 words)

	Mule Design Studio - Appropriation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		The word 'appropriation' is getting tossed around a lot in the Nike/Minor Threat debacle, and I'd like to throw in my two cents.
		Those words were appropriated by the very people they were invented to ridicule.
		When the empowered attempt to appropriate the culture of the disempowered it's an act of aggression, not appropriation.
	www.muledesign.com /hoof/stable/appropriation.php (187 words)

	Supplemental Appropriation Includes $1.5 Billion for Intelligence
		That would be the appropriate time to address any economic support increase for Israel, not in an emergency supplemental bill.
		In the months ahead as we consider appropriations, we commit ourselves to the budget resolution that has been passed by the so-named deeming elements of this rule.
		Speaker, and allow the Appropriations Committee to bring to the floor a Defense Appropriations bill that is at least equal to the President's request, a request which is already $40 billion below what is required in procurement alone.
	www.fas.org /irp/congress/2002_cr/h052202.html (11450 words)

	Seven African Powers Candles (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Religious appropriation is the use of one or more elements of an alien religious system in a way that does not fundamentally change the borrowing system.
		We can see example of religious appropriation when Christian congregations use sage to "smudge" their religious spaces or when yoga is used as a stress reducing exercise program while its place within Hindu spiritual practice is ignored.
		Religious appropriation is the side-by-side juxtaposition of one set of power symbols with another without any blending or confusion of symbols.
	www.materialreligion.org /journal/candles.html (3115 words)

	SD : Knowledge : Discovering the "Magic Box": Local appropriation of information and communication technologies (ICTs)
		Local appropriation of ICTs is about communities and groups selecting and adopting communication tools according to the different information and communication needs identified by them and then adapting the technologies so that they become rooted in their own social, economic and cultural processes.
		Through appropriation, communities select and transform the technologies and content to fit their needs, rather than reflect the interests of external groups.
		In reviewing local appropriation of ICTs, it was found that many projects are able to use radio because it is highly diffused, but very few are able to use telephones because of lack of infrastructure.
	www.fao.org /sd/2001/KN0602a_en.htm (5163 words)

	CIRCA Art Magazine - Summer 2002 - Makers and Takers: Art and the Appropriation of Ideas (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		If that upheaval is not present then it must come from the works of any authors which happen to be at hand and easily adapted." Whether or not advertisers can be said to have souls, it is feasible that the latter part of Bentley's formulation could apply to much of their craft.
		In visual art, borrowings and unattributed referencing might in fact be said to move more often in the opposite direction as artists re-use material from advertising, popular culture or even other contemporary artworks as a key part of their individual art language.
		The question of "knowing originality when you see it" is almost beside the point in cases such as this: artists' strategies of appropriation prompt questions of originality to become thematically intriguing on, one level, while also being critically irrelevant and, on occasion, inappropriate, on another.
	www.recirca.com /backissues/c101/hmckerveydlong.shtml (1169 words)

	Just What Do the Youth of Today Want? Technology Appropriation by Young People (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Working from a social constructionist perspective, and on the basis of an extensive empirical research process, we are gaining insight into the variables heeded by young people during the earliest stages of technology use, stages we call 'appropriation'.
		We propose a model that discusses appropriation in terms of the interplay between what young people desire, the capabilities and implications of technology and the situations of use that young people inhabit.
		Appropriation, when seen from this perspective, is the interface between the construction processes followed by both designer and user(s).
	csdl.computer.org /comp/proceedings/hicss/2002/1435/05/14350131babs.htm (257 words)

	U.S. Senate: Reference Home > Glossary > appropriation
		appropriation - The provision of funds, through an annual appropriations act or a permanent law, for federal agencies to make payments out of the Treasury for specified purposes.
		The formal federal spending process consists of two sequential steps: authorization and then appropriation.
		Legislation status tables and information about the appropriations process are available on the Appropriations page.
	www.senate.gov /reference/glossary_term/appropriation.htm (186 words)

	Human Appropriation of the World's Fresh Water Supply
		The only parts of this cycle appropriated by humans is water held as surface water or shallow aquifers.
		Table 1: A total of 26.2% of terrestrial ET is appropriated (18,200 cubic km/69,600 cubic km).
		The final estimate of appropriated ET is downward corrected for irrigation (approx.
	www.globalchange.umich.edu /globalchange2/current/lectures/freshwater_supply/freshwater.html (2031 words)

	VCEART - Ideas about Contemporary Art
		In art commentaries the term appropriation is often used in a general way to refer to the use made of borrowed elements in creation of new work.
		The term 'appropriation art' has been used to describe artworks that involve this form of quotation.
		Anne Zahalka's appropriation of 'masterpieces' from art history might also raise questions about who decides what a masterpiece is, and why some artworks have been more highly valued than others in art history.
	www.vceart.com /explore/ideas/page.2.html (1850 words)

	Artquest > The Artlaw Archive > Current Copyright Legislation > Appropriation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		This was a study day designed to explore artistic engagements with copyright and intellectual property, and was inspired by a growing recognition that artists in all media need access to information about the changing landscape of copyright and other intellectual property laws.
		A portrait painting by Pierre Mignard, Louise de Keroualle, Duchess of Portsmouth, 1682, inspired her appropriation of that image to create a photographic portrait of herself as Head of Compliance for BBC Commercial Television.
		The law is seen by Andrew as a 'system of description', and she believes that artists and lawyers should work together to empower artists to find new ways of working.
	www.artquest.org.uk /artlaw/copyright/appropriation.htm (1651 words)

	APPROPRIATION 403
		The grants shall be awarded from the appropriation under s.
		The new year budget is increased by encumbrances carried forward to the new year; budgeted and accounted for in appropriation 106.
		Refunds of prior year expenditures are deposited to appropriation 100 as receipts (9909).
	www.uwsa.edu /fadmin/appr/appr403.htm (240 words)

	'Metrosexual? That rings a bell...' Mark Simpson on the appropriation of his bastard child
		That’s to say, when I wrote about how male metrosexuality was coming out of the closet and taking over the world, I was being slightly satirical about the effect of consumerism and media proliferation, particularly glossy men’s magazines, on traditional masculinity.
		But then, this wouldn’t be the first time a satire on consumerism was appropriated by consumerism to hasten the process it sought to critique.
		It was clear however even in the early Nineties that old-fashioned (re)productive, repressed, unmoisturised masculinity was being given the pink slip by consumer capitalism.
	www.marksimpson.com /pages/journalism/metrosexual_ios.html (1892 words)

	Israel's Appropriation of Arab Water: An Obstacle to Peace
		Arguably 50% or more of the water that Israel uses is unilaterally appropriated from water that should fairly go to its Arab neighbors.
		A clear example of Israel's appropriation of the water belonging to Arabs is Israel's interest early on in diverting the waters of the Jordan River from the Jordan Valley to the Mediterranean and to the Negev.
		By 1960, however, the diversion project -- which came to be known as the National Water Carrier -- was complete and in fact was the target of the PLO's first (and unsuccessful) attack in 1964.
	www.igc.org /desip/TheftOfWater.html (1794 words)

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