
	Where results make sense

Topic: Arab Deterrent Force

Related Topics

Foreign relations of Syria

Lebanese Civil War

History of Lebanon

Lebanon

Hume Highway

1976

In the News (Fri 27 Nov 09)

Northern Trust

Marvin Harrison

Peter Chernin

Gary Locke

Match Play

Penelope Cruz

Mickey Rourke

AR Rahman

Danny Boyle

Hugh Jackman

	Lebanon - The Riyadh Conference and the Arab Deterrent Force (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Lebanon - The Riyadh Conference and the Arab Deterrent Force
		The Riyadh Conference and the Arab Deterrent Force
		In theory the ADF, funded by the Arab League, was to be a pan-Arab peacekeeping force under the supreme command of the Lebanese president.
	www.country-data.com /cgi-bin/query/r-8067.html (195 words)

	Lebanese Civil War - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Syria did not withdraw its troops until 2005, when it was forced out by the joint pressure created by Lebanese protest and powerful diplomatic intervention from the USA, France and the UN in the aftermath of the assassination of Rafik Hariri.
		A multinational force landed in Beirut on August 20, 1982 to oversee the PLO withdrawal from Lebanon and U.S. mediation resulted in the evacuation of Syrian troops and PLO fighters from Beirut.
		In early 1990, Aoun's forces clashed with the LF, after Aoun had stated that it was in the national interest for the government to "unify the weapons" (i.e.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Lebanese_civil_war (7035 words)

	TDS; Passports, Visas, Travel Documents
		The resulting Arab Deterrent Force (ADF), composed largely of Syrian troops, moved in at the Lebanese Government's invitation to separate the combatants, and most fighting ended soon thereafter.
		In January 1989, the Arab League appointed a six-member committee on Lebanon, led by the Kuwaiti foreign minister.
		In late January 1990, General Aoun's forces attacked positions of the LF in east Beirut in an apparent attempt to remove the LF as a political force in the Christian enclave.
	www.traveldocs.com /lb/history.htm (2461 words)

	Zuheir Mohsen - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		After al-Assad's "Corrective Revolution" in 1970, when the former President Salah Jadid and his supporters were purged from the party, Mohsen was appointed head of as-Sa'iqa, which had been formed by the Syrian authorities some years earlier to absorb the Palestinian refugees living in Syria.
		As head of as-Sa'iqa, he led the organization during the early years of the civil war in Lebanon, in close co-ordination with the Syrian Army, later the Arab Deterrent Force.
		Only for political and tactical reasons do we speak today about the existence of a Palestinian people, since Arab national interests demand that we posit the existence of a distinct "Palestinian people" to oppose Zionism.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Zuhayr_Muhsin (792 words)

	Modern Lebanon
		During World War II, the Arabs sympathized more with the Axis, but were not happy when the Germans overran France and the Vichy regime took control in Lebanon.
		It continued to express the general Arab hostility and refused to recognize Israel, but Lebanon’s leaders also understood that their country was too weak to risk a confrontation and therefore kept fairly tight control on Palestinian refugees and anyone else who might want to provoke an incident.
		The final straw in the feud occurred on April 13, 1975, when a bus carrying a group of Palestinian terrorists was attacked by the Christian Phalangists*, who had been at odds with the Palestinians.
	www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org /jsource/arabs/modleb.html (1729 words)

	Lebanese Forces : Bachir Gemayel - The Dream
		Unfortunately, the Arab countries have in the past collaborated with the Syrians to prolong the Lebanese crisis.
		All Arab and non-Arab countries were pleased to perpetuate the problems of Lebanon where the "fire of death" was contained although it was consuming Lebanon and its people.
		Arab governments must understand that Lebanon is a sovereign state and has right to reject any policy contrary to its national interests.
	www.lebaneseforces.com /bachirdream.asp (3939 words)

	The Arab League
		The Arab League, officially the League of Arab States (Jami’at Al-Dawl Al-‘Arabiyah), was founded in Cairo in 1945 in reaction to world events following the end of World War II.
		The Egyptian government first proposed the Arab League in 1943 to foster closer cooperation in the Arab world to deal with the emerging Western power structure that would come with the defeat of Germany.
		In May 1976, at the request of the Lebanese government, the Arab League agreed to send the Arab Deterrent Force (ADF) to restore security in the country.
	www.suite101.com /article.cfm/middle_east/79359 (430 words)

	The Lebanon War, Lebanese Civil War (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Despite Arab support for the PLO and the international attention it was able to generate, the PLO would not have been able to operate as an autonomous movement in the absence of the sanctuary it found in Lebanon.
		As some of Ahmad Khatib's forces surrounded and besieged the town of Zahle in the Beqaa, other LAA troops along with the National Movement and the PLO advanced on the Maronites in Beirut, and came right to the Metn, the constituency of Pierre Gemayel’s elder son Amin, the Maronite heartland.
		As many of the Christian forces were tied down fighting Palestinians in East Beirut the PLO and their allies launched a massive offensive against the Kura and the Christian town of Chekka north of Beirut on the 5th July 1976 and started to slaughter civilians.
	www.cedarland.org /war.html (21117 words)

	The Contrarian Review
		One idea might be to turn day-to-day security operations over to forces that would have popular support of Iraqis, which the American-led coalition troops do not.
		And the league's Arab Deterrent Force, consisting of troops from six countries, served as peacekeepers in Lebanon from 1976 to 1982 (it was only after Israel invaded Lebanon and the league failed to renew its six-month mandate that Syria got deeply embroiled in the Lebanese civil war).
		Bringing in Arab League troops to keep the peace may not be what Washington wants to hear.
	www.contrarianreview.com /arab.html (632 words)

	Wide Angle. Printable Pages \| PBS
		The pact states that Lebanon is an independent Arab nation with ties to the West that also cooperates with other Arab states, and that public offices should be distributed equally between the country's recognized religious sects.
		In October, Syria's military presence was validated by Arab summits in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia and Cairo, which established an Arab Deterrent Force (ADF) -- composed primarily of Syrian troops -- to enforce a ceasefire.
		In August, a multinational force, including U.S. forces, helped oversee PLO withdrawal from Lebanon and, as the country's various factions became more and more radical, there was an increase in terrorist activities.
	www.pbs.org /wnet/wideangle/printable/lebanon_handbook_print.html (1181 words)

	Iraq- Arab Realationship and World Affaires
		At a meeting of the Arab League, on the day after the Iraqi invasion of Kuwait, 14 of the 21 members condemned the invasion and demanded an unconditional withdrawal by Iraq, and a week later 12 member states voted to send an Arab deterrent force to the Persian (Arabian) Gulf.
		The Iraqi air force offered little effective resistance, and by the end of January the allies had achieved supremacy in the air.
		In August 1990, the UN imposed mandatory economic sanctions on Iraq, and exports of crude and refined petroleum ceased.
	members.aol.com /arabinfo7/iraqhis.htm (785 words)

	A short history of Lebanon
		The Arab rule is interrupted between 1099 and 1291, when European christians establish the Kingdom of Jerusalem.
		In 1958, during the last months of president Camille Chamoun's term, an insurrection breaks out and United States forces are briefly dispatched to Lebanon in response to an appeal by the government.
		The resulting Arab Deterrent Force, which included Syrian troops already present, moves in to help separate combatants.
	www.electionworld.org /history/lebanon.htm (767 words)

	Arab League Page
		Arab League, informal name of the League of Arab States, a voluntary association of independent countries whose peoples are mainly Arabic speaking.
		The Arab League has served as a forum for member states to coordinate their policy positions and deliberate on matters of common concern, settling some Arab disputes and limiting conflicts such as the Lebanese civil wars of 1958.
		The Arab League has served as a platform for the drafting and conclusion of almost all landmark documents promoting economic integration among member states, such as the creation of the Joint Arab Economic Action Charter, which set out the principles for economic activities of the league.
	www.arabji.com /ArabGovt/ArabLeague.htm (781 words)

	Lebanon - The Civil War
		As various other groups took sides, the fighting spread to other areas of the country, forcing residents in towns with mixed sectarian populations to seek safety in regions where their sect was dominant.
		Syria's presence in Lebanon was legitimated by the establishment of the Arab Deterrent Force (ADF) by the Arab League in October 1976.
		In January 1977 the ADF consisted of 30,000 men, of whom 27,000 were Syrian.
	countrystudies.us /lebanon/27.htm (1252 words)

	Dossier: Amine Gemayel (February-March 2003)
		For the eventual departure of Syrian forces from Lebanon is likely to come about when an unassuming future president or prime minister asserts the constitutional authority of his office and transcends the sectarian and parochial divisions that continue to curse the land of the cedars.
		Christian militia forces were routed in a key battle in the town of Bhamdoun, strategically located where the Beirut-Damascus highway straddles the edge of the mountains, and forced to retreat from most of the Shouf.
		The agreement, formalized in June, provided for the withdrawal of all militia forces from the capital, the dismantling of barricades and checkpoints, the reopening of Beirut's airport and port, and the deployment of the army.
	www.meib.org /articles/0302_ld.htm (5749 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Arab leaders meet in Algiers on March 22 for an Arab League summit, at a moment of high tension within Lebanon over the pace and extent of Syria’s military withdrawal and the future domestic political map.
		In 1969, the Arab League stood in the shadow of Egyptian president Gamal Abdul Nasser when he supervised the signing of the Cairo Agreement, under which Lebanon was obliged to permit Palestinians to bear arms so that they could carry on their aggression against Israel.
		There, the League legitimized Syria’s presence in Lebanon by establishing the Arab Deterrent Force (ADF)—of the 30,000 ADF troops deployed in Lebanon, 27,000 were Syrian.
	www.washingtoninstitute.org /templateC05.php?CID=2280 (1499 words)

	Gulf Cooperation Council [GCC]
		This joint intervention force was based in Saudi Arabia near King Khalid Military City at Hafar al Batin under the command of a Saudi officer.
		The force could be enlarged at a time of threat; it was apparently reinforced prior to the Persian Gulf War in 1991 but did not take part in the war as a distinct unit.
		In March 1991, after the conclusion of the Persian Gulf War, the six members of the GCC, together with Egypt and Syria, declared their intention to establish a deterrent force to protect Kuwait, with Egypt and Syria to provide the bulk of the troops and the GCC states to provide the financing.
	www.globalsecurity.org /military/world/gulf/gcc.htm (705 words)

	United Arab Emirates Mission to the United Nations
		I believe that an all-inclusive Arab summit must be held, but before attending it, the Arabs must open their hearts to each other and be frank with each other about the rifts between them and their wounds.
		Once the international community had forced the Serbs to cease their campaign of slaughter in Bosnia, Sheikh Zayed promptly moved to ensure that substantial assistance was sent by the UAE to enable the Bosnian Muslims to begin the task of rebuilding their society.
		The UAE’s armed forces had already begun to establish a record in such peacekeeping activities, first as part of the joint Arab Deterrent Force that sought for a few years to bring to an end the civil strife in Lebanon, and then through participation in UNISOM TWO, the UN peacekeeping and reconstruction force in Somalia.
	www.un.int /uae/she'7.htm (7118 words)

	Sessions of the Arab League
		Arab U.N. representatives were instructed to support Greek Cypriots in their demands for self-determination.
		Arab League members were urged to call off press and radio campaigns aimed at one another and to work, instead, for solidarity.
		Adoption of secret Arab League plan to prevent Israel from diverting the Jordan River waters to the Negev; the reported policy of forceful action was regarded as a reversal of prior League policies.
	faculty.winthrop.edu /haynese/mlas/ALSessions.html (6262 words)

	Jihad Watch: Arab League: Iraq charter "true recipe for chaos"
		Moussa told the BBC that the Arab League shared Sunni Muslim concerns over federalism and the fact the charter does not identify Iraq as an Arab country.
		What is most worrisome to the Arab League and Amr Moussa and the rest of them is the dropping of the designation "Arab" to describe Iraq.
		All the lands in which the Arabs are a majority, no matter how large the non-Arab population, must be claimed for the Arabs, must be part of that so-called "Arab world." There is the Arab Kingdom of Jordan.
	www.jihadwatch.org /archives/007903.php (845 words)

	Politics in Lebanon: The Creation of the Lebanese Army
		After the surrender of Vichy forces in the Middle East in July 1941, volunteers from the Troupes Spéciales du Levant were enlisted in the Free French forces and participated in combat in North Africa, Italy, and southern France.
		Israel was forced to tolerate this situation in the short run, but it still regarded the missile deployment as an unacceptable shift in the balance of forces that could not be endured indefinitely.
		When Phalangist forces tried to exploit the fluid situation by attacking the Druze militia in the Shuf Mountains in late 1983, the IDF had to intervene and separate the forces.
	www.ghazi.de /armyhist.html (12265 words)

	Syria (Government) - was eager to exploit the diplomatic opportunities arising from Iraq´s invasion of Kuwait
		Syria supported Egypt´s efforts to co-ordinate an Arab response to Iraq´s invasion of Kuwait, and agreed, at an emergency summit meeting held in Cairo in August 1990, to send troops to Saudi Arabia as part of a pan-Arab deterrent force, supporting the US effort to deter an Iraqi invasion of Saudi Arabia.
		At a general election, held in February 1986, the Baath Party and other members of the NPF (excluding the Communist Party) obtained 151 of the 195 seats in the People´s Assembly; the Communist Party (which contested the election in dependently of the NPF) won nine seats, and independent candidates 35.
		In early 1991 the overwhelming military defeat of Iraq by the US-led multinational force placed Syria in a stronger position with regard to virtually all of its major regional concerns.
	www.arab.de /arabinfo/syria-government.htm (675 words)

	Iraq - Government - Negotiations between Iraq and Kuwait began at the end of July 1990, with the aim of resolving their ...
		as it was known, and a multinational force was formed to defend Saudi Arabia.
		The same month the U.S. Congress approved the use of force against Iraq, and in November the Security Council passed a resolution offering Iraq a “final opportunity” to cooperate on arms inspections.
		Sizable ground forces began invading the following day, surging primarily toward Baghdad, the southern oil fields, and port facilities; a northern front was opened by Kurdish and Anglo-American forces late in March.
	www.arab.de /arabinfo/iraq-government.htm (997 words)

	Arab League discusses the Arab Union project
		A meeting of the Arab League's seven-member committee was held in Cairo on Monday to discuss the Arab Union projects proposed at the Arab League Summit in 1997.
		He stressed that there is no contradiction between the proposed project and the AL charter, adding that during Monday's meeting it was decided that a detailed study of the project by the committee's members will be made during the group's next meeting which will be held by the end of next July.
		These include AL objectives, principles, membership, the union's councils and its specialization, highlighting activities starting with convening Arab summits, setting up an Arab central bank and an Arab court of justice as well as an Arab fund for development and a common defense Arab deterrent force.
	www.arabicnews.com /ansub/Daily/Day/980630/1998063007.html (492 words)

	History (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		At the Casablanca Arab summit in May, the Arab League empowered a higher committee on Lebanon--composed of Saudi King Fahd, Algerian President Bendjedid, and Moroccan King Hassan--to work toward a solution in Lebanon.
		These amendments gave some presidential powers to the council of ministers, expanded the National Assembly from 99 to 108 seats, and divided those seats equally between Christians and Muslims
		In October 1991, under the sponsorship of the United States and the then-Soviet Union, the Middle East peace talks were convened in Madrid, Spain.
	burns.dcb.du.edu /history.asp?id=42 (2461 words)

	GulfWire ~~ Perspectives ~~ July 12, 2002 ~~ Iraq: A Dynamic Net Assessment
		Its forces include the Nabu Khuth Nusser Infantry Division at Al Husseinia-al Kutt, the Hamurabi Mechanized Division in the Al Wahda area, and the Al Nedaa Armored Division near
		armored forces to defend the major entrance points to the city.
		Air Force air-to-air and air-to-ground training is limited and unrealistic.
	www.arabialink.com /Archive/GWPersp/GWP2002/GWP_2002_07_12.htm (5859 words)

	Lebanon : Country Studies - Federal Research Division, Library of Congress
		Operations of the United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon
		The Israeli Defense Forces Withdrawal and the Mountain War
		Appendix B. The Opposing Forces in the Lebanese Civil War (Robert Scott Mason)
	lcweb2.loc.gov /frd/cs/lbtoc.html (125 words)

	Arabic News Front Page for 11/18/1998
		Diplomatic sources in the Lebanese capital, Beirut, told a Kuwaiti daily on Tuesday that the short visit made by Lebanese Prime Minister Rafik Hariri to Tehran on Monday falls in the course of Arab mediation to restore relations between Egypt and Iran.
		The paper added that Lebanese Prime Minister Rafik Hariri raised this issue during his Sunday visit to Tehran, to "crystallize a firm Islamic stand towards the Israeli intransigence in the Middle East peace process as well as developments in the region." Go
		Minister Abdulaziz Kamilov arrived on Tuesday in Abu Dhabi on his first official visit to the United Arab Emirates, which is aimed at developing bilateral relations between the two countries in political, economic, trade and cultural fields.
	www.arabicnews.com /ansub/Daily/Day/981118/FP.html (1158 words)

Try your search on: Qwika (all wikis)