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Topic: Arab Socialist Resurrection Party

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	Baath Party
		Baath Party, formally the Baath Arab Socialist Party: Political party and movement influential among Arab communities in the Middle East, especially in Syria and Iraq.
		The official founding of the party may be dated from its first party congress in Damascus on April 7, 1947, when a constitution was approved and an executive committee established.
		The Iraqi branch of the Baath party was established in 1954 after the merger of the Baath with Akram al-Hurani’s Arab Socialist Party in 1952, to form the Arab Baath Socialist Party.
	www.damascus-online.com /se/hist/baath_party.htm (476 words)

	History of Syria (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		An agreement was concluded in Cairo on April 17, 1963, for a referendum on unity to be held in September 1963.
		The defeat of the Syrians and Egyptians in the June 1967 war with Israel weakened the radical socialist regime established by the 1966 coup.
		On November 13, 1970, Minister of Defense Hafiz al-Asad affected a bloodless military coup, ousting the civilian party leadership and assuming the role of prime minister.
	www.historyofnations.net /asia/syria.html (1351 words)

	Syria (10/06)
		The party also is heavily influenced by the security services and the military, the latter of which consumes a large share of Syria's economic resources.
		The Ba'ath platform is proclaimed succinctly in the party's slogan: "Unity, freedom, and socialism." The party has traditionally been considered both socialist, advocating state ownership of the means of industrial production and the redistribution of agricultural land, and revolutionary, dedicated to carrying a socialist revolution to every part of the Arab world.
		There were reports in 2005, in the wake of the June Ba’ath Party Congress, that the government was considering legislation to permit the formation of new political parties and the legalization of parties previously banned.
	www.state.gov /r/pa/ei/bgn/3580.htm (7743 words)

	Syria - WORLD WAR I AND ARAB NATIONALISM
		The British--anxious for Arab support against the Ottomans in the war and desiring to strengthen their position vis-a-vis the French in the determination of the Middle East's future--asked Sharif Husayn, leader of the Hashimite family and an Ottoman appointee over the Hijaz, to lead the Arabs in revolt.
		Arab resistance was crushed, and on July 25, 1920, the French took Damascus.
		This was the primary basis for modern Arab nationalism and the central ideological concept of future pan-Arab parties, such as the Baath (Arab Socialist Resurrection) Party and the Arab National Movement.
	www.country-data.com /cgi-bin/query/r-13476.html (1008 words)

	[No title]
		Despite rising nationalism and the forging of the Arab Socialist Resurrection Party (Ba’athist Party), Iraq still was at the mercy of European imperialists.
		In the same year, the United Arab Republic, consisting of Egypt and Syria, was formed as a result of the driving force of the Ba’athists.
		The Ba’athist Party was unable to consolidate its power and was ousted by a coup in September 1963.
	www.angelfire.com /ca3/jphuck/Book23Ch.1.html (3018 words)

	UNDP-POGAR: Programme on Governance in the Arab Region: Elections
		A candidate for president is first proposed by the Ba’th (Arab Socialist Resurrection) Party and nominated by the legislative branch, the People’s Assembly.
		Article 8 of the Constitution declares the Ba’th Arab Socialist Party to be the leading party in the state.
		Opposition parties boycotted the elections on the pretext of a lack of the minimum necessary amount of democracy in the election process, according to Mr.
	www.pogar.org /countries/elections.asp?cid=19 (1083 words)

	Syria (04/99)
		The Syrian constitution vests the Arab Ba'ath Socialist Party with leadership functions in the state and society and provides broad powers to the president.
		The Ba'ath platform is proclaimed succinctly in the party's slogan: "Unity, freedom, and socialism." The party is both socialist--advocating state ownership of the means of industrial production and the redistribution of agricultural land, and revolutionary--dedicated to carrying a socialist revolution to every part of the Arab world.
		Ensuring national security, increasing influence among its Arab neighbors, and achieving a comprehensive Arab-Israeli peace settlement, which includes the return of the Golan Heights are the primary goals of President Asad's foreign policy.
	www.state.gov /outofdate/bgn/s/7798.htm (5284 words)

	Baath Party - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The assassination of Baathist colonel Adnan al-Malki by a member of the SSNP allowed the Baath and its allies to launch a crackdown on that party, thus eliminating one rival, but by the late 1950s the Baath itself was facing considerable problems, riven by factionalism and faced with ideological confusion among its base.
		The leadership line was reflected in the position the congress adopted in favour of "considered unity" as opposed to the demands for "immediate unity" launched by the Socialist Unity Vanguard (later the Socialist Unity Movement), the Nasserists and the Arab Nationalist Movement.
		In Lebanon, the party is led by Liberal Sunni MP for Tripoli Abdul-Majeed Al-Rafei and Nicola Y. Firzli, Beirut-based real estate entrepreneur and scion of a prominent Greek Orthodox Christian family that fought against Ottoman Turkish rule in the Middle East.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Ba'ath_party (3488 words)

	[No title]
		All three branches of government are guided by the views of the Ba'ath party, whose primacy in state institutions is assured by the constitution.
		The Ba'ath platform is proclaimed succinctly in the party's slogan: "Unity, freedom, and socialism." The party is both socialist--advocating state ownership of the means of industrial production and the redistribution of agricultural land--and revolutionary--dedicated to carrying a socialist revolution to every part of the Arab world.
		Relations with Other Arab Countries Syria's relations with the Arab world were strained by its support for Iran during the Iran-Iraq War, which began in 1980.
	www.umsl.edu /services/govdocs/backgroundnotes/syria.txt (5371 words)

	Syria: GOVERNMENT AND POLITICS (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		The party is both socialist (advocating state ownership of the means of industrial production and redistribution of agricultural land) and revolutionary (espousing the goal of carrying the socialist revolution to every part of the Arab world).
		The Baath Party is named “the vanguard party in the society and the state.” Governmental powers are divided among executive, legislative, and judicial branches, but the already formidable role of the presidency is strengthened by the constitution.
		The party is headed by a secretary general, a position held by both Hafiz al Asad and his son and successor, Bashar.
	www.mongabay.com /reference/new_profiles/306.html (3186 words)

	Michel Aflaq Summary
		The basic doctrine of the Ba'th party was summarized by its slogan: "Unity, liberation, socialism: One Arab nation having an immortal mission." This Arab nation was a permanent entity in history, and Arabism was defined as the feeling and consciousness of being Arab.
		The role of the party in 'Aflaq's conception was to be the vanguard of the people, and this vanguard represented the new Arab generation which would bring the people out of decades of neglect and backwardness into a new nation.
		While this party also failed to follow most of ‘Aflaq's teachings, he became a symbol for the regime of Saddam Hussein that Iraq was in fact the true Ba’athist country.
	www.bookrags.com /Michel_Aflaq (1813 words)

	sociology - Syria
		The Syrian Arab Republic or Syria is a country in the Middle East, bordering (from south to north) on Lebanon, Israel, Jordan, Iraq and Turkey.
		The Ba'ath platform is proclaimed succinctly in the party's slogan: "Unity, freedom, and socialism." The party is both socialist, advocating state ownership of the means of industrial production and the redistribution of agricultural land, and revolutionary, dedicated to carrying a socialist revolution to every part of the Arab world.
		Six smaller political parties are permitted to exist and, along with the Ba'ath Party, make up the National Progressive Front (NPF), a grouping of parties that represents the sole framework of legal political party participation for citizens.
	www.aboutsociology.com /sociology/Syria (4354 words)

	UNDP-POGAR: Programme on Governance in the Arab Region: Constitution
		The President, proposed by the Ba’th (Arab Socialist Resurrection) Party and then nominated by the People's Assembly, is voted into office by national referendum to serve a seven-year term.
		By Article 8 of the Constitution, the Arab Ba’th Socialist Party is the leading party in the state and society and heads the National Progressive Front.
		The purpose of the educational system is described as creation of “an Arab national socialist generation with scientific training.” The constitution sets forth a planned socialist economy that recognizes public, collective, and private property, but private property is subordinated to public interest.
	www.pogar.org /countries/constitution.asp?cid=19 (959 words)

	Strategic Resource Group
		The Provisional Regional Command of Hafiz al Asad’s Arab Ba’ath Socialist Party nominated a 173-member legislature, the People’s Council, in which the Ba’ath Party took 87 seats.
		The Ba’ath Party dominates the Parliament, which is known as the People’s Council.
		Christians are influential in the cities, professions, politics and the armed forces, but their percentage of the population is shrinking due to a high rate of emigration to the Americas and Africa.
	www.srginc.org /syria.html (1690 words)

	TruthNews
		According to the Syrian state-controlled press, thousands of Arabs took to the streets of Damascus, shouting their "grief" over the death of Assad and their devotion to his son, who inherits an insular nation still at war with Israel and struggling to find its place in a region that has passed it by economically.
		Tributes to the dead Syrian dictator continued to pour in from other Arab dictators, who described him as a tenacious ruler who clung to the ideals of Arab nationalism long after they were set aside as out-dated or impractical by other dictators.
		Assad was expelled from the army due to his opposition to the breakup of the UAR and was transferred to a civil job.
	www.truthnews.net /world/2000_06_assad.html (1772 words)

	Egypt - Egypt and the Arab World
		Nasser was skeptical at first and then insisted on strict conditions for union, including a complete union rather than a federal state and the abolition of the Baath (Arab Socialist Resurrection) Party, then in power, and all other Syrian political parties.
		There were too many problems to overcome: the two countries were not contiguous, their economies and populations were different, and the Syrian elite deeply resented being made subservient to Egyptian dictates.
		This was followed by the elimination of local autonomy and a plan for the unification of Egyptian and Syrian currencies, a move that would deal the final blow to Syrian economic independence.
	countrystudies.us /egypt/33.htm (486 words)

	Syria - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		With the unification of Hourani's Socialist Party with the Ba'ath in December 1952 and their vain attempt to overthrow the Syrian regime, Shishakli was forced to shelve any notion of accepting either a western defense alliance or settling Palestinian refugees in Syria.
		In addition, six other political parties are permitted to exist and, along with the Ba'ath Party, make up the National Progressive Front (NPF), a grouping of parties that represents the sole framework of legal political party participation for citizens.
		While modern-day Syrians are commonly described as Arabs by virtue of their modern-day language and bonds to Arab culture and history — they are in fact a blend of the various ancient Semitic groups indigenous to the region who in turn admixed with later arriving Arabs.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Syrian_Arab_Republic (6642 words)

	Syria nabs activists on 41st anniversary of Baath reign - Mar. 10, 2004
		The socialist pan-Arab party's celebrations were decidedly muted this year, prompting speculation that it is pulling in its horns after last year's US-led war ousted the only other Baathist regime, that of Iraq's Saddam Hussein.
		The arrests came as Syria's Arab Socialist Baath (resurrection) party marked its 41st year in power with low-key celebrations, standing alone after neighboring Iraq's branch lost control with the toppling of Saddam.
		The Baath party, inaugurated officially in 1947 in Damascus, preaches Arab unity.
	www.inq7.net /wnw/2004/mar/10/wnw_6-1.htm (561 words)

	Iraq - Government and Politics
		The country remained under the regime of the Baath (Arab Socialist Resurrection) Party, which had seized power through a coup d'etat in July 1968.
		The legality of government institutions and actions was based on the Provisional Constitution of July 16, 1970, which embodied the basic principles of the Baath Party-- Arab unity, freedom, and socialism.
		The Baath Party's objectives in establishing the front were to provide the semblance of broad popular support for the government as well as to provide the facade of alliance among the Baath and other parties.
	countrystudies.us /iraq/69.htm (852 words)

	JAFARIYANEWS, Shi'as in Iraq
		During the 1970s this viewpoint led to poor relations with some conservative Arab states whose leaders were reluctant to relinquish their national identity for unity in an all-Arab federation to be led, presumably, by Egypt or Iraq.
		Party membership is selective and usually requires a long period of apprenticeship.
		The ruling Ba'ath party views the Shi'a as a threat because most Shi'a advance the notion that Islam should be used as a guiding force in everyday life.
	www.jafariyanews.com /iraqshia.htm (5716 words)

	MAR \| Data \| Chronology for Sunnis in Iraq (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		The Kurds launch an armed rebellion against the Sunni Arab dominated government, Persians fight a protracted war with Arabs, Turks fight with Kurds, and the Shi'i fight with Sunnis.
		Out of this domestic violence, the pro-Syrian Arab socialist Resurrection Party (Ba'ath) establishes itself politically and seizes control of the government.
		The National Assembly legalizes all opposition parties that defend Iraq, support the revolutions of 1958 and 1968, are not based on race, regionalism, sectarianism or express anti-Arab positions.
	www.cidcm.umd.edu /inscr/mar/chronology.asp?groupId=64507 (5811 words)

	Saddam Hussein killer file - page 1 of 2
		Meanwhile Hussein is recruited by his uncle to assassinate a prominent communist in Tikrit, killing his victim, a distant cousin, with a single shot to the head.
		He is confirmed as deputy chairman of the Revolutionary Command Council, made deputy to the president and deputy secretary-general of the Baath Party Regional Command (the party's executive), and placed in charge of internal security.
		In a Shia uprising sparked by the assassination 40 Baath Party officials are killed.
	www.moreorless.au.com /killers/hussein.html (6424 words)

	Library of Congress / Federal Research Division / Country Studies / Area Handbook Series/ Libya / Glossary
		Muammar al Qadhafi's ideological testament, containing his political, economic, and social thought, revolutionary precepts, and definition of "Arab socialism." The first volume was published in 1976 and the second in 1978.
		Literally, "the time or place of the sunset--the west." For its Arab conquerors, the region was the "island of the west" (jazirat al maghrib), the land between the "sea of sand" (Sahara) and the Mediterranean Sea.
		In Tripolitania (q.v.), an urban Arab during the dynastic and Ottoman periods.
	lcweb2.loc.gov /frd/cs/libya/ly_glos.html (2029 words)

	FREE In-depth report - The Iran-iraq War - Iran
		The revolutionary leaders viewed the Arab countries of the Gulf, along with Iraq, as having tyrannical regimes subservient to one or the other of the superpowers.
		Throughout the first half of 1980, Radio Iran's increasingly strident verbal attacks on the ruling Baath (Arab Socialist Resurrection) Party of Iraq irritated that government, which feared the impact of Iranian rhetoric upon its own Shias, who constituted a majority of the population.
		By the summer of 1987, most European and Arab governments were blaming Iran for the tensions in the Gulf, and Iran again found itself diplomatically isolated.
	www.exploitz.com /Iran-The-Iraniraq-War-cg.php (1063 words)

	Syria - Atlapedia Online (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		PEOPLE: The principal ethnic majority are the Arabs who account for around 89% of the population while the remainder consist of minority groups such as the Kurds, Armenians, Turkmens, Circassians and Assyrians.
		In 1953 the Arab Socialist Party and the Arab Resistance Party merged to form the Arab Socialist Resurrection Party or Baath Party.
		In July 1993 a meeting of the Arab Boycott of Israel held in Damascus announced a ban on the former Yugoslavia as well as a Bulgarian company.
	www.atlapedia.com /online/countries/syria.htm (1335 words)

	National Alliance of Gang Investigators' Associations
		The SARG provided minimal cooperation to the UN Independent International Investigation Commission, headed by Detlev Mehlis, which investigated the killing of Hariri.
		Members of President Asad's own minority sect, the Alawis, hold most of the important military and security positions, while Sunnis in 2005 control ten of 14 positions on the powerful Ba’ath Party Regional Command.
		Since August 1990, however, the party has tended to de-emphasize socialism and to stress both pan-Arab unity and the need for gradual economic reform of the Syrian economy.
	www.nagia.org /international/Syria.htm (6703 words)

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