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Topic: Arachidic acid

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	Fatty acid - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In IUPAC nomenclature, fatty acids have an -oic acid suffix.
		Linoleic acid and arachidonic acid are omega-6 fatty acids.
		Oleic and erucic acid are omega-9 fatty acids.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Fatty_acid (1403 words)

	Carboxylic Acid Reactivity
		Acetic acid is ten times weaker an acid than formic acid (first two entries in the second row), confirming the electron donating character of an alkyl group relative to hydrogen, as noted earlier in a discussion of carbocation stability.
		Reactions in which the hydroxyl group of a carboxylic acid is replaced by another nucleophilic group are important for preparing functional derivatives of carboxylic acids.
		Acid catalysis is necessary to increase the electrophilic character of the carboxyl carbon atom, so it will bond more rapidly to the nucleophilic oxygen of the alcohol.
	www.cem.msu.edu /~reusch/VirtualText/crbacid1.htm (3475 words)

	Fats, Oils, Fatty Acids, Triglycerides - Chemical Structure (Page 1 of 3)
		Butyric acid (butanoic acid) is one of the saturated short-chain fatty acids responsible for the characteristic flavor of butter.
		Thus, "9,12-octadecadienoic acid" indicates that there is an 18-carbon chain (octa deca) with two double bonds (di en) located at carbons 9 and 12, with carbon 1 constituting a carboxyl group (oic acid).
		For arachidonic acid, we subtract 14 from 20 to obtain 6; therefore, it is an omega-6 fatty acid.
	www.scientificpsychic.com /fitness/fattyacids.html (889 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		acid, eleostearic acid, licanic acid, arachidonic acid, arachidic acid, eicosenoic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, behenic acid, erucic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, lignoceric acid, non-glyceryl esters thereof, and mixtures thereof.
		acid, arachidic acid, eicosenoic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, behenic acid, erucic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, lignoceric acid, and mixtures thereof.
		linoleic acid, eleostearic acid, licanic acid, arachidonic acid, arachidic acid, eicosenoic acid,
	www.wipo.int /cgi-pct/guest/getbykey5?KEY=05/16332.050224&ELEMENT_SET=DECL (5344 words)

	Fats, Fatty Acids, Consumption Ratios, Saturated, Monounsaturated, Polyunsaturated (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Saturated fatty acids most frequently occur in higher concentrations in animal foods such as butter, cheese, and fatty meats, however there are certain exceptions to this rule, and plant derived fats such as coconut and palm oils are also extremely high in saturated fatty acids.
		Saturated fatty acids (and all fatty acids) are comprised of chains of carbon atoms connected to one another by chemical bonds.
		In the case of linoleic acid (18:2n-6), there are 18 carbon atoms in the molecule, 2 double bonds (=), and the last double bond is located 6 carbon atoms down from the omega or methyl end of the fatty acid.
	www.thepaleodiet.com /nutritional_tools/fats.shtml (2283 words)

	BIOdotEDU
		Natural fatty acids, those found in organic tissues, usually have an even number of carbon atoms in the structure because of the way they are made or synthesized in the specialized adipose cells.
		Saturated fatty acids have a uniform rod-like shape and are often solids at room temperature, having higher melting points than similar sized unsaturated fatty acids.
		Free fatty acids are those not joined with any other kind of molecules and are usually formed from the breakdown of a larger, more complex lipid molecule such as a di- or triglyceride.
	www.brooklyn.cuny.edu /bc/ahp/LAD/C4d/C4d_fattyacids.html (592 words)

	Development of Low Saturate Canola Brassica Napus - ARDI - Manitoba Agriculture, Food and Rural Initiatives
		The demand for low saturated fatty acid content is driven by the increased risk of coronary heart disease associated with high levels of saturated fatty acids.
		Variation in total saturated fatty acid content (palmitic acid + stearic acid + arachidic acid + behenic acid) in canola oil was predominantly due to the independent effects of environment and variety.
		Palmitic acid and stearic acid, the two predominant saturated fatty acids in canola oil, were not associated between varieties, suggesting that the palmitic acid and stearic acid content in the oil are controlled by different genes.
	www.gov.mb.ca /agriculture/research/ardi/projects/98-023.html (786 words)

	fatty acid structure
		Fatty acids with 4 to 12 carbon atoms are found mainly in milk fats (mainly butyric acid in cow and decanoic acid in sheep) but those with 10 and 12 carbon atoms are found also in certain seed oils such as coconut and other kernel fats of the palm family.
		The presence of a particular branched fatty acid with unexpected optical activity (dextrorotatory) was detected as early as 1929 in lipid extracts of tubercle bacteria (Anderson RJ, J Biol Chem 1929, 83, 169).
		A new unsaturated methyl-branched fatty acid, 9-methyl-16:1(n-6) and the uncommon 11-methyl- 18:1(n-6) were found in the lipid extract of a new strain of bacterium Vibrio alginolyticus associated with the alga Cladophora coelothrix (Carballeira NM et al., Lipids, 1997, 32, 1271).
	www.cyberlipid.org /fa/acid0001.htm (4793 words)

	Chemical properties of biodiesel (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Fatty acids are designated by two numbers: the first number denotes the total number of carbon atoms in the fatty acid and the second is the number of double bonds.
		The dominant fatty acid in tung oil is a conjugated isomer of linolenic acid called eleostearic acid.
		The three double bonds in eleostearic acid are located at 9:10, 11:12, and 13:14 instead of at 9:10, 12:13 and 15:16 as in linolenic acid.
	www.me.iastate.edu /biodiesel/Pages/bio2.html (310 words)

	FRACTIONATION OF MACADAMIA OIL BY REFRIGERATION
		The fatty acid composition of the oil was determined by gas liquid chromatography of methyesters prepared as described by Metcalf et al.
		Palmitoleic acid was reduced from 23.6% to 17.17% oleic acid from 56.30% to 49.94%.
		In the clear fraction, myristic acid was only slightly reduced from 0.60% in the extracted to 0.56% in the solid fraction, palmitoleic acid from 23.6% to 23.1 5%, and arachidic acid from 2.70% to 1.38%.
	www.coopersnuthouse.com /maclib/FractionationOfMacadamiaOilByRefrigeration.htm (688 words)

	Chemical Preparation \| Procedures \| Surface Neutron and X-Ray Scattering Group \| Ames Laboratory
		These instructions are for the preparation of arachidic acid.
		The molecular weight (MW) for arachidic acid is 312.5 g/mol and the molecular formula is C
		The molecular area of arachidic acid on the surface of water is about 20 angstroms (A).
	www.reflec.ameslab.gov /chemprep.php (267 words)

	The fatty acid composition of the lymphocyte cell membrane. Influence on interactions with high endothelium and the ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The fatty acid composition of the lymphocyte cell membrane.
		By incubating mouse lymphocytes in vitro with various fatty acids in an otherwise lipid-free medium, the lipid composition of the cell membrane was varied.
		Incubation with linoleic acid (18:2) resulted in an increased adherence of T and B lymphocytes, linolenic acid (18:3) had no influence and both arachidonic acid (20:4) and arachidic acid (20:0) resulted in a decreased adherence of the two cell types when the adherence assay was performed using HEV from peripheral lymph nodes.
	www.ihop-net.org /UniPub/iHOP/gp/7089548.html (276 words)

	Chemical Reactivity (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Since nature makes these long-chain acids by linking together acetate units, it is not surprising that the carbon atoms composing the natural products are multiples of two.
		Carboxylic acids and salts having alkyl chains longer than six carbons exhibit unusual behavior in water due to the presence of both hydrophilic (CO) and hydrophobic (alkyl) regions in the same molecule.
		In general, the hydroxyl group proved to be a poor leaving group, and virtually all alcohol reactions in which it was lost involved a prior conversion of -OH to a better leaving group.
	www.cem.msu.edu /~reusch/VirtualText4/crbacid1.htm (3291 words)

	Bodybuilding.com - Molecular Nutrition X-Factor - Arachidonic Acid! On sale now!
		Arachidonic acid is stored in the outer phospholipid layer of each muscle cell, and is released as the cell is disrupted during exercise.
		Many fatty acids are released during this process, and the higher the concentration is of arachidonic acid is, the more will be liberated.
		Avoid the regular consumption of foods known to be high in omega 3 fatty acids or anti-inflammatory nutrients, such as cold-water fish, peanut butter, and sesame, olive or peanut oils.
	www.bodybuilding.com /store/mn/xfactor.html (1366 words)

	acid - Wiktionary
		Sour, sharp, or biting to the taste; tart; having the taste of vinegar: as, acid fruits or liquors.
		Of or pertaining to an acid; as, acid reaction.
		In certain cases, sulphur, selenium, or tellurium may take the place of oxygen, and the corresponding compounds are called respectively sulphur acids or sulphacids, selenium acids, or tellurium acids.
	en.wiktionary.org /wiki/acid (238 words)

	ARS \| Publication request: Triacylglycerol and Phospholipid Fatty Acid Compositions of the Silverleaf Whitefly, Bemisia ...
		The fatty acids of each lipid class were analyzed as fatty acid methyl esters by capillary gas chromatography.
		All lipid classes contained variable distributions of eight fatty acids: the saturated fatty acids, myristic acid (14:0), palmitic acid (16:0), stearic acid (18:0), arachidic acid (20:0); the monounsaturated fatty acids, palmitoleic acid (16:1), oleic acid (18:1); the polyunsaturated fatty acids, linoleic acid (18:2), linolenic acid (18:3).
		The fatty acid distributions, as percentage composition, for each lipid class were the same for the pooled groups of 3rd and 4th instar nymphs.
	www.ars.usda.gov /research/publications/publications.htm?SEQ_NO_115=139429&pf=1 (544 words)

	Omegacin provides essential fatty acids and essential lipids to rebuild your cell membrane
		38 Essential fatty acids serve as precursors to prostaglandins and other eicosanoids that affect blood aggregation, vasodilation and vasoconstriction; are essential for the development and function of brain and retina cells, as well as sperm formation; and play a vital role in the structure of all cell membranes, including the skin.
		Bile acids are powerful emulsifying agents not only essential for lipid digestion but critically important for their assimilation, expediting the absorption of the nutritionally edifying pieces of broken-down lipids.
		Pycnogenol® is 80% to 85% PACs, 5% catechin and epicatechin, and 2%-4% organic acids including caffeic acid (onions), ferulic acid (found in spinach and parsley), fumaric acid (chives and beet root) and gallic acid (eggplant), vanillic acid, taxifolin, protocateuhuic acid and cinnamic acid.
	www.souzaoenterprises.com /Omegacin.html (2019 words)

	when is mineralization template directed?
		In all cases, the surfactant is arachidic acid (CH COOH): when spread from chloroform solution onto an aqueous subphase and compressed in a Langmuir trough, the molecules stand up to form a monolayer at the air-water interface.
		A reflectivity curve from a compressed arachidic acid monolayer on pure water is shown in Figure 3(a) (open circles).
		For each of these cases, the additional charge density (relative to the case of arachidic acid on pure water) is determined from the model fits.
	www.solids.bnl.gov /~dimasi/bones/template (2735 words)

	US FDA/CFSAN: Note to the File for BNF No. 000097
		amino acids (alanine, arginine, aspartic acid, cysteine, glutamic acid, glycine, histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, proline, serine, threonine, tryptophan, tyrosine, and valine)
		fatty acids (palmitic (16:0), palmitoleic (16:1) stearic (18:0), oleic (18:1), linoleic (18:2), linolenic (18:3), arachidic (20:0), eicosenoic (20:1), and behenic (22:0))
		However, the differences in linolenic acid and arachidic acid were not observed when the data were expressed on a dry matter basis.
	www.cfsan.fda.gov /~rdb/bnfm097.html (1271 words)

	Holistic Bird Newsletter (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Eicosapentaenoic acid - (EPA) and Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) essential, found in the body oils of cold water fish and marine animals - Salmon, trout, mackerel, sardines.
		Arachidic acid - (not arachidonic acid) found in peanuts.
		Omega 6 and Omega 3 are essential fatty acids (EFA).
	www.holisticbirds.com /HBN01/june/pages/efa3.htm (826 words)

	Structure of CdS-Cd-Arachidate/Arachidic Acid Composite Multilayers
		The structures of the precursor multilayers and the modified multilayers were studied by grazing incidence reflection/diffraction using X-rays from a conventional generator and a synchrotron source.
		The formation of CdS in arachidic acid/Cd-arachidate composite multilayers resulted in the introduction of a new layered structure with a period of 4.37 nm compared to the precursor multilayer period of 5.55 nm.
		The reduction in the period of the multilayers is consistent with the observation of a tilted structure found in alkanethiol and H
	pubs.acs.org /cgi-bin/abstract.cgi/langd5/1998/14/i07/abs/la9709352.html (256 words)

	In vitro mimicry of essential fatty acid deficiency in human endothelial cells by TNF{alpha} impact of {omega}-3 versus ...
		-6, all-cis-9,12-octadecadienoic acid, linoleic acid; 20:0, eicosanoic acid, arachidic acid; 20:1
		compensatory increase in mead acid in the TNF
		Alteration in the membrane fatty acid composition of human lymphocytes and cultured transformed cells induced by interferon.
	www.jlr.org /cgi/content/full/43/6/944 (3851 words)

	Neutrophil Oxygen Radical Generation . Synergistic Responses to Tumor Necrosis Factor and Mono/Polyunsaturated Fatty ...
		acid, oleic acid, gave rise to a synergistic superoxide response.
		Poulos (1993) Polyunsaturated fatty acids increase neutrophil adherence and integrin receptor expression.
		Poulos, and A.W. Murray (1995) Activation of mitogen activated protein kinase C by arachidonic acid in rat liver epithelial WB cells by a protein kinase C dependent mechanism.
	www.jci.org /cgi/content/full/97/7/1605 (2820 words)

	Virgin Coconut Oil from the Phillipines
		If you have tasted a traditional Philippine coconut oil in the past that tasted sour or fermented, it is because some of the acids of fermentation have remained in the oil.
		The medium-chain fatty acids in coconut oil are much different than the long-chain fatty acids found in seed oils.
		If medium chain fatty acids are the most important thing to you, especially lauric acid, then the centrifuged virgin coconut oil we carry will give you a higher percentage of lauric acid than any other coconut oil.
	www.wildernessfamilynaturals.com /virgin_coconut_oil_traditional.htm (1575 words)

	[No title]
		Be able to explain how the melting point of a fatty acid varies depending on the number of carbon and the number of double bonds.
		Be able to draw the structure of a triacylglycerol using three of the fatty acids listed in objective 2.
		Be able to name or draw: phosphatidic acid, phosphatidylehtanolamine, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylserine, phosphatidylglycerol, cardiolipin.
	a-s.clayton.edu /shornbuckle/CHEM4202/CHEM4202ObjectivesChapter11.doc (433 words)

	Ethanol toxicity in pancreatic acinar cells: Mediation by nonoxidative fatty acid metabolites -- Criddle et al. 101 ...
		unsaturated metabolite arachidonic acid ethyl ester, the saturated
		fatty acid ethyl esters (FAEEs), nonoxidative metabolites of
		ethyl ester and the saturated arachidic acid ethyl ester, derived
	www.pnas.org /cgi/content/full/101/29/10738 (4216 words)

	Nima Technology Newsletter
		The micrograph (Figure 1) shows an LB monolayer of arachidic acid which was transferred onto a fused silica substrate without metal counter ions in the subphase (pH 5.5, 22°C, 32 mNm-1).
		In fresh films of arachidic acid, only a small SF intensity was then observed.
		But in the case of arachidic acid, the small CH2-intensities from the fresh films did not increase significantly during aging.
	www.nima.co.uk /results/munster.htm (670 words)

	Dorlands Medical Dictionary
		(ə-rak”ĭ-don´āt) a salt, ester, or anion of arachidonic acid.
		The reaction occurs primarily in platelets and is the first step of the lipoxygenase pathway for conversion of arachidonic acid to the leukotriene 12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (12-HETE).
		The reaction occurs primarily in vascular endothelium and is the first step in the conversion of arachidonic acid to 15-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (15-HETE) and to lipoxins.
	www.mercksource.com /pp/us/cns/cns_hl_dorlands.jspzQzpgzEzzSzppdocszSzuszSzcommonzSzdorlandszSzdorlandzSzdmd_a_56zPzhtm (1418 words)

	Fats in the Diet
		Fatty acids differ in the location of their double bonds.
		The chemistry of fatty acids influences the properties of foods.
		Firmness: Depending on the saturation of fatty acids, the fats may be solid or liquid at room temperature.
	www.ucs.mun.ca /~skaur/3200/Notes/fats_diet.htm (797 words)

	[No title]
		Pyrrole was converted to dipyrromethane 1 by treatment with benzaldehyde in the presence of trifluoroacetic acid in 55% yield.
		In order to construct the films, a 1:5 molar mixture of compound 5 and arachidic acid, respectively, has been used in chloroform as spreading solvent.
		/molecule, thus indicating that the floating film probably consist of an arachidic acid monolayer with the dyad molecules lying onto it, as already observed for similar mixtures.
	web.tiscali.it /biosensor/AbstractP16.htm (606 words)

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