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Arachidonate dilates basilar artery by lipoxygenase-dependent mechanism and activation of K+ channels -- Faraci et al. ... inhibition by indomethacin of dilator responses to arachidonic inhibits dilatation of cerebral arterioles in response to arachidonic Vasodilatation in response to arachidonate is not inhibited by indomethacin. ajpregu.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/281/1/R246   (5456 words)

Arachidonate Brain incorporation from plasma of labeled arachidonic acid, an important second messenger, is increased in response to cholinergic and dopaminergic agonists in rat models of Alzheimer’s disease (chronic unilateral lesion of nucleus basalis) and Parkinson disease (chronic unilateral lesion of substantia nigra), respectively, reflecting upregulation of phospholipase A2 mediated signal transduction. Cell plasma membrane compositions of arachidonic and docosahexaenoic acids were therefore examined in cultured skin fibroblasts from 12 schizophrenic patients, 8 of whom were drug-naive and in a first episode of psychosis, 6 bipolar patients, and 8 normal control subjects. For example, recycling of arachidonate is specifically reduced by 80% in rats treated chronically with lithium, a drug effective against bipolar disorder; the effect reflects downregulation of gene expression of an arachidonate-specific phospholipase A2. www.thensome.com /stormybrain/arachidonate.htm   (2325 words)

Eicosanoids Arachidonate is released from phospholipids by hydrolysis catalyzed by The resulting tyrosine radical is proposed to extract a hydrogen atom from arachidonate, generating a radical species that reacts with O An iodinated analog of ibuprofen is seen in the structural diagram above, between the membrane-binding domain and the heme. www.rpi.edu /dept/bcbp/molbiochem/MBWeb/mb2/part1/prostag.htm   (1143 words)

Potassium channels mediate dilatation of cerebral arterioles in response to arachidonate -- Sobey et al. 275 (5): 1606 ... of cerebral arterioles in response to arachidonate is mediated in response to arachidonate is not mediated by the cytochrome Arachidonate metabolism on the cerebral surface of newborn pigs. ajpheart.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/275/5/H1606   (4347 words)

Norepinephrine stimulates arachidonic acid release from vascular smooth muscle via activation of cPLA2 -- LaBelle and ... The mechanism of agonist-activated arachidonate release was studied in segments of rat tail artery. Arachidonic acid and free fatty acids as second messengers and the role of protein kinase C. Cell. Arachidonic acid is functioning as a second messenger in activating the Ca entry process on H1-histaminoceptor stimulation in DDTMF-2 cells. ajpcell.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/274/4/C1129   (4340 words)

Arachidonate metabolism and the signaling pathway of induction of apoptosis by oxidized LDL/oxysterol -- Panini et al. ... Arachidonate metabolism and the signaling pathway of induction of apoptosis by oxidized LDL/oxysterol -- Panini et al. Arachidonate metabolism and the signaling pathway of induction of apoptosis by oxidized LDL/oxysterol Stimulation of arachidonate release by oxLDL in mouse peritoneal macrophages. www.jlr.org /cgi/content/full/42/10/1678   (5898 words)

Arachidonic Acid Arachidonic acid is released from phospholipids in cells stimulated by many first messengers, including neurotransmitters, neuromodulators, and neurohormones. This compound was shown to (a) inhibit the specific binding of a radiolabeled agonist to the cannabinoid receptor and (b) produce inhibition of the twitch response in mouse vas deferens, a typical response to cannabinoids. This clue led to the idea that arachidonic acid metabolites may be involved in inhibitory responses, and it prompted the study of a neurotransmitter with better-defined electrophysiological effects. www.acnp.org /g4/GN401000059/CH059.html   (5006 words)

Studies of the Role of Group VI Phospholipase A2 in Fatty Acid Incorporation, Phospholipid Remodeling, ... Effects of BEL and propranolol on insulin secretagogue-induced accumulation of nonesterified arachidonic acid in pancreatic islet incubations. ]arachidonic acid internal standard, and analyzed by RP-HPLC to isolate arachidonic acid, which was converted to a pentafluorobenzyl (PFBE) ester derivative and analyzed by GC/MS in negative ion electron capture mode with selected monitoring of the carboxylate anions of endogenous arachidonate (m/z 303) and of the internal standard (m/z 311). Endogenous arachidonate content was determined from the ratio of the integrated areas of the two ion current peaks at the appropriate retention time by interpolation from a standard curve and normalized to islet protein content. www.jbc.org /cgi/content/full/274/20/13915   (7555 words)

Exercise training reduces skeletal muscle membrane arachidonate in the obese (fa/fa) Zucker rat -- Ayre et al. 85 (5): ... of PL arachidonate, whereas exercise in the lean rats caused it Phospholipid arachidonate [PL 20:4(n-6)] for extensor digitorum longus (EDL), soleus, and white gastrocnemius (WGast) and heart by genotype in exercise-trained (Ex) and sedentary (Sed) animals. Arachidonate response to exercise differed between genotype (P < 0.03 in all 4 muscles). jap.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/85/5/1898   (2903 words)

Dual signaling by the {alpha}v{beta}3-integrin activates cytosolic PLA2 in bovine pulmonary artery endothelial cells -- ... Unexpectedly, the arachidonate release was inhibited by the blockade of two different signaling pathways. The role of calcium and phosphorylation of cytosolic phospholipase A2 in regulating arachidonic acid release in macrophages. Arachidonic acid activates the noncapacitative entry of Ca during [Ca ]i oscillations. ajplung.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/280/5/L1049   (3520 words)

Activation and priming of neutrophil nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase and phospholipase A2 are ... Rubinek T, Levy R. Arachidonic acid increases the activity of the assembled NADPH oxidase in cytoplasmic membranes and endosomes. Arachidonic acid and free fatty acids as second messengers and the role of protein kinase C. Cell Signal. Stimulation of p38 phosphorylation and activity by arachidonic acid in HeLa cells, HL-60 promyelocytic leukemic cells, and human neutrophils: evidence for cell type-specific activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases. www.bloodjournal.org /cgi/content/full/97/8/2469   (5628 words)

Journal of Inflammation | Full text | Different roles for non-receptor tyrosine kinases in arachidonate release induced ... Arachidonate release from murine peritoneal macrophages was measured by prior radiolabeling. Arachidonate release initiated by either Staphylococcus aureus or yeast-derived zymosan beads was shown to depend on members of the Src kinase family as well as Btk. Arachidonate release induced by either Staphylococcus aureus or zymosan was found to depend on Src family kinases as well as Btk. www.journal-inflammation.com /content/3/1/8   (4296 words)

Activation of {beta}{gamma} Subunits of Gi2 and Gi3 Proteins by Basic Secretagogues Induces Exocytosis Through ... A, One hundred percent induced arachidonate release from permeabilized cells in the absence of Ab was 1086 ± 52 dpm (mastoparan) or 1331 ± 63 dpm (spermine). B, One hundred percent induced arachidonate release from permeabilized cells in the absence of Ab was 1055 ± 26 dpm (mastoparan) or 1057 ± 20 dpm (spermine). One hundred percent arachidonate release in the absence of LY294002 treatment corresponds to 1153 ± 45 dpm (mastoparan) and 1098 ± 51 dpm (spermine). www.jimmunol.org /cgi/content/full/167/9/4805   (4372 words)

Depletion of phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase up-regulates arachidonate metabolism by ... Depletion of phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase up-regulates arachidonate metabolism by 12(S)-lipoxygenase and cyclooxygenase 1 in human epidermoid carcinoma A431 cells -- CHEN et al. C] arachidonic acid (0.125 µCi) and 10 µM calcium ionophore A23187 in 0.5 mL of HEPES buffer for 30 min. The intensity of fluorescence of DCF in cells was quantified by flow cytometry. www.fasebj.org /cgi/content/full/17/12/1694   (1043 words)

Structural characterization of oxidized phospholipid products derived from arachidonate-containing plasmenyl ... of arachidonic acid and ion at m/z 242 corresponding to the ion at m/z 303 corresponding to the arachidonate carboxylate (A) The elution of monooxygenated derivatives of arachidonic acid as the corresponding carboxylate anions are indicated at the corresponding retention times and ion transitions. www.jlr.org /cgi/content/full/41/4/564   (3554 words)

BMS-229724 Is a Tight-Binding Inhibitor of Cytosolic Phospholipase A2 That Acts at the Lipid/Water Interface and ... Leukotrienes and prostaglandins are derived from arachidonic acid and are potent lipid mediators of inflammation and pain. For measurements of arachidonate and eicosanoids in platelets, neutrophils, mast cells, and keratinocytes, the procedures Nakamura T, Fonteh AN, Hubbard WC, Triggiani M, Inagaki N, Ishizaka T and Chilton FH (1991) Arachidonic acid metabolism during antigen and ionophore activation of the mouse bone marrow derived mast cell. jpet.aspetjournals.org /cgi/content/full/298/1/376   (5541 words)

Unsaturated fatty acids inhibit transcription of the sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c) gene by ... On day 3, the cells were switched to medium B and preincubated for 6 h in the absence or presence of 100 µM sodium arachidonate in a final concentration of 0.1% BSA. After incubation for 6 h in medium B with or without 100 µM sodium arachidonate (A) in the absence or presence of 1 µM T0901317 (T) as indicated, the cells from four 150-mm dishes were pooled, lysed, and subjected to nuclear run-on assay as described in Materials and Methods. Arachidonate competitively inhibits LXR activation by 24(S),25-epoxycholesterol as measured by fluorescence polarization. www.pnas.org /cgi/content/full/98/11/6027   (5258 words)

A Postsynaptic Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter with Chloride Conductance Functionally Regulated by Neuronal Activity ... Arachidonate mimics the facilitating effect of membrane depolarization on the transporter-mediated current. Barbour B, Brew H, Attwell D (1988) Electrogenic glutamate uptake in glial cells is activated by intracellular potassium. Brew H, Attwell D (1987) Electrogenic glutamate uptake is a major current carrier in the membrane of axolotl retinal glial cells. www.jneurosci.org /cgi/content/full/17/18/7017   (4692 words)

A novel arachidonate-preferring acyl-CoA synthetase is present in steroidogenic cells of the rat adrenal, ovary, ... In arachidonate metabolism, ACS plays a key role in esterification of free arachidonate into membrane phospholipids. arachidonate in its cholesterol ester fatty acids (36, 37): its biological role in the metabolism of arachidonate and eicosapentaenoate. www.pnas.org /cgi/content/full/94/7/2880   (3979 words)

Anti-CD3 and Concanavalin A-induced Human T Cell Proliferation Is Associated with an Increased Rate of ... is usually involved in the regulation of cellular arachidonic acid release in acutely stimulated cells on arachidonate remodeling was confirmed in cells incubated with Indeed, arachidonic acid metabolites are involved in the regulation www.jbc.org /cgi/content/full/276/20/17568   (5237 words)

Expression of Arachidonate 12-Lipoxygenase in Rat Tissues: A Possible Role in Glucagon Secretion -- Kawajiri et al. 48 ... Nishiyama M, Watanabe T, Ueda N, Tsukamoto H, Watanabe K (1993) Arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase is localized in neurons, glial cells, and endothelial cells of the canine brain. Nugteren DH (1975) Arachidonate lipoxygenase in blood platelets. Piomelli D, Volterra A, Dale N, Siegelbaum SA, Kandel ER, Schwartz JH, Belardetti F (1987) Lipoxygenase metabolites of arachidonic acid as second messengers for presynaptic inhibition of Aplysia sensory cells. www.jhc.org /cgi/content/full/48/10/1411   (3384 words)

Sodium arachidonate can induce platelet shape change and aggregation which are independent of the release reaction -- ... Sodium arachidonate can induce platelet shape change and aggregation which are independent of the release reaction -- Kinlough-Rathbone et al. Sodium arachidonate causes shape change and aggregation of rabbit or human platelets that have been washed and then degranulated by treatment with thrombin. Since aggregation of these platelets induced by sodium arachidonate is inhibited by acetylsalicylic acid or indomethacin, it seems likely that products (such as prostaglandin G2) formed from sodium arachidonate are responsible for aggregation. www.sciencemag.org /cgi/content/abstract/192/4243/1011   (313 words)

Induction of Monocyte Binding to Endothelial Cells by MM-LDL : Role of Lipoxygenase Metabolites -- Honda et al. 19 (3): ... The inhibition of monocyte binding seen with CDC was reversed by the addition of 12(S)-HETE but not by arachidonic acid. DiMarzo V. Arachidonic acid and eicosanoids as targets and effectors in second messenger interactions. Regulation of arachidonic acid release in vascular endothelium: Ca -dependent and independent pathways. atvb.ahajournals.org /cgi/content/full/19/3/680   (4390 words)

H IKAWA AND OTHERS . Arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase in gonadotrophs   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10) Arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase in porcine anterior pituitary cells: its localization and possible function in gonadotrophs Arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase, which oxygenates the positions-12 and -13 of arachidonic and linoleic acids, is present in porcine anterior pituitary cells. Colocalization of the 12-lipoxygenase with various pituitary hormones was examined by immunohistochemical double-staining using antibodies against 12- lipoxygenase and various anterior pituitary hormones. journals.endocrinology.org /joe/148/joe1480033.htm   (276 words)

Predominant Expression of an Arachidonate Epoxygenase in Islets of Langerhans Cells in Human and Rat Pancreas -- Zeldin ... Predominant Expression of an Arachidonate Epoxygenase in Islets of Langerhans Cells in Human and Rat Pancreas -- Zeldin et al. Ojeda SR, Urbanski HF, Junier MP, Capdevila J 1989 The role of arachidonic acid and its metabolites in the release of neuropeptides. Turk J, Colca JR, Kotagal N, McDaniel ML 1984 Arachidonic acid metabolism in isolated pancreatic islets: the effects of glucose and of inhibitors of arachidonate metabolism on insulin secretion and metabolite synthesis. endo.endojournals.org /cgi/content/full/138/3/1338   (4795 words)

NIH Guide: FINDINGS OF SCIENTIFIC MISCONDUCT JBC paper Table III entitled “Changes in inter-nitroxide differences between PGHS-2 holoenzyme and the apoenzyme, and the arachidonate, flurbiprofen, and SC58125 complexes” (and corresponding Dissertation Table 7), entitled “Relative changes in inter-nitroxide distances for NSAID and arachidonate complexes compared to the unliganded enzyme”); III. First, the JBC paper was novel in that it reported that binding of arachidonate and NSAIDs induced structural changes in PHS-2. For the naturally occurring fatty acid arachidonate, this had not previously been shown. grants.nih.gov /grants/guide/notice-files/NOT-OD-04-006.html   (476 words)

Identification of Arachidonate P-450 Metabolites in Human Platelet Phospholipids -- Zhu et al. 25 (4): 854 -- ...   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10) arachidonate metabolites was dependent on the presence of phospholipase, Balazy M. Peroxynitrite and arachidonic acid: identification of arachidonate epoxides. Arachidonic acid epoxygenase: structural characterization and quantification of epoxyeicosatrienoates in plasma. hyper.ahajournals.org /cgi/content/full/25/4/854   (2997 words)

Eicosanoids hydrolyzes the ester linkage between a fatty acid and the hydroxyl at carbon 2 of the glycerol backbone, releasing the fatty acid (e.g., arachidonate) and a lysophospholipid as products. (which catalyzes release of arachidonate from phospholipids) form a complex in association with the This is in contrast to other types of signal protein complexes that associate with the plasma membrane. www.dentistry.leeds.ac.uk /biochem/MBWeb/mb2/part1/prostag.htm   (941 words)

In vivo aspirin supplementation inhibits nitric oxide consumption by human platelets -- Williams et al. 106 (8): 2737 ... Effect of prostaglandin E2 and 3-morpholinosydnonimine (SIN-1) on arachidonic acid metabolism in fMLP-stimulated rat neutrophils and on thrombin-induced human platelet aggregation. Gassama-Diagne A, Simon MF, Chap H. Inhibition of platelet arachidonic acid liberation by endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF) as studied with sin-1, a nitric oxide generating drug. Cyclic GMP analogs inhibit gamma thrombin-induced arachidonic acid release in human platelets. www.bloodjournal.org /cgi/content/full/106/8/2737   (5240 words)

Mitochondrial Reactive Oxygen Species Regulate Spatial Profile of Proinflammatory Responses in Lung Venular Capillaries ... Recombinant human tumour necrosis factor increases cytosolic free calcium in murine fibroblasts and stimulates inositol phosphate formation in L-M and arachidonic acid release in 3T3 cells. Phosphorylation of Syk activation loop tyrosines is essential for Syk function: an in vivo study using a specific anti-Syk activation loop phosphotyrosine antibody. Arachidonic acid and phosphorylation synergistically induce a conformational change of p47 www.jimmunol.org /cgi/content/full/169/12/7078   (4422 words)

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