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| | The Periphery of Francia: Spain, Britain, Eastern Europe, & Scandinavia |
 | | When the Kingdoms of León, Castile, and Aragón, and then Navarra, came under common rule, the combination began to be called, unofficially but reasonably, "España." The battle cry of 16th century Spanish troops was "Santiago, España" (the former referring to the pilgrimage site of Santiago de Compostela in Galicia). |
 | | on the other hand, it may be necessary to count him if the husband of Catherine is to be counted as John III of Navarre, which means that John II of Aragón was also John II of Navarre -- there was no earlier John (Jean/Juan) in Navarre to be John I, if not the Capetian. |
 | | After Naples was occupied by the French, 1495-1496, John's son, Ferdinand II, ended up deposing his cousin and annexing the Kingdom to Aragón (1501). |
| www.friesian.com /perifran.htm (692 words) |
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