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Topic: Araucanian languages

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	Araucanian (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		One of the Amerind languages, Araucanian is still spoken by one of the larger linguistic communities of the southern half of South America.
		Araucanian was once spoken over most of central Chile, from Copiapo, five hundred kilometres North of Santiago, southwards to the Island of Chiloe, and all the way across Argentina to the Bay of Comodoro Rivadavia.
		Araucanian has contributed to Spanish - thus to English - the word Gaucho (Araucanian caucho - nomad, adventurer) which became the named for the mixed Arcaunian origin and Spanish nomadic population of the Pampas.
	www.flw.com /languages/araucanian.htm (105 words)

	Araucanian languages - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Araucanian (also Mapudungu) is an indigenous language family of central Chile and west central Argentina in South America.
		The most widely spoken is Mapudungun (also Araucano, Mapuche), the language of the Mapuche people.
		There are an estimated 275,000 active users of the language, 200,000 in Chile and 75,000 in Argentina.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Araucanian_languages (154 words)

	MapZones.com : Chile And Easter Island Map
		Language and a common history have promoted cultural homogeneity in the country.
		The major landforms of Chile are arranged as three parallel north—south units: the Andes mountains to the east; the intermediate depression, or longitudinal valley, in the centre; and the coastal ranges to the west.
		Spanish is the official language of Chile and is spoken by virtually the entire population.
	atlas.mapzones.com /chile_and_easter_island/chile_and_easter_island.php (1899 words)

	Language families and languages - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Language families can be subdivided into smaller units, conventionally referred to as "branches" (because the history of a language family is often represented as a "tree" diagram).
		Thus, provincial dialects of Latin ("Vulgar Latin") gave rise to the modern Romance languages, so the Proto-Romance language is more or less identical with Latin (if not exactly with the literary Latin of the Classical writers), and dialects of Old Norse are the protolanguage to Norwegian, Swedish, Danish and Icelandic.
		Languages that cannot be reliably classified into any family are known as language isolates.
	www.kernersville.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/Language_families_and_languages (787 words)

	Ellipsis - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		In Polish language ellipsis (called wielokropek which means multidot) is always composed of three dots without any spaces between.
		There is also no space between the ellipsis and the preceding word, but there is always a space after ellipsis, unless the next character is a closing bracket or quote mark, in which case the space is used after that character.
		In some programming languages (Perl, Ada etc), a shortened 2-character ellipsis is used to represent a range of numbers.
	lighthousepoint.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/... (1003 words)

	Native American languages -> Languages of South America and the West Indies on Encyclopedia.com 2002 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		When more is known about the indigenous South American languages, some of the stocks may turn out to be sufficiently closely related so as to allow linguists to group them together and thus reduce the number of basic stocks.
		In the aboriginal period the Cariban languages were important in the West Indies, Brazil, Peru, the Guianas, Venezuela, and Colombia.
		A number of languages, the most important of which is Mapuche, make up the Araucanian family, which thrives in Chile and Argentina.
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/section/NatvAmlang_LanguagesofSouthAmericaandtheWestIndies.asp (1102 words)

	wikien.info: Main_Page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Native American languages are the indigenous languages of the Americas, spoken from Alaska and Greenland to the southern tip of South America.
		The Native American languages consist of dozens of distinct language families as well as many language isolates; proposals to group these into higher-level families have been made by some linguists, but are not generally accepted.
		Native American languages vary greatly in the number of speakers, from Quechua, Aymara, Guarani, and Nahuatl with millions of active speakers to a number of languages with only a handful of elderly speakers.
	www.hostingciamca.com /index.php?title=Native_American_languages (324 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Sign language interpreters provided in court, for college students, at important public events, in job training, at social services programs, in mental health service programs, some instruction for parents of deaf children, many sign language classes for hearing people.
		The sign language used in the classroom and that used by adults outside is the same.
		Mountains.") ;; DUTCH-BASED CREOLE LANGUAGES (4 Languages) (subclass DutchBasedCreoleLanguage CreoleLanguage) (documentation ArabicBasedCreoleLanguage "A &%DutchBasedCreoleLanguage is a &%CreoleLanguage using a grammatical and core lexical foundation of the &%DutchLanguage.") (instance BerbiceCreoleDutchLanguage DutchBasedCreoleLanguage) (documentation BerbiceCreoleDutchLanguage "The &%BerbiceCreoleDutchLanguage is a &%DutchBasedCreoleLanguage of &%Guyana.
	cvs.sourceforge.net /viewcvs.py/sigmakee/KBs/People.kif?rev=1.2 (12614 words)

	KU Kechwa Resource Center - Language (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Learning a language completely different from your own can be like walking into a second life, and discovering a new set of feelings, images, manners and ideas, to draw upon.
		One was the language of the early Inkas.
		As the Inkas expanded their empire in the 1400s, their language became the administrative and commercial language for a huge territory--over 3,200 kilometers from what is now southern Columbia through the Andes and Pacific coast of what is today Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia and northern Chile.
	www.ku.edu /~kechwa/language (1094 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		DEAF SIGN LANGUAGES (114 Languages) (subclass DeafSignLanguage ManualHumanLanguage) (documentation DeafSignLanguage "A &%DeafSignLanguage is a &%ManualHumanLanguage primarily intended for communication between a deaf individual and a hearing individual or between deaf individuals.(extract from http://www.ethnologue.com/)") (instance AdamorobeSignLanguage DeafSignLanguage) (documentation AdamorobeSignLanguage "&%AdamorobeSignLanguage is a &%DeafSignLanguage of &%Ghana.
		Bible portions 1983-1985.(extract from http://www.ethnologue.com/)") ;; ASSAMESE-BASED CREOLE LANGUAGES (1 Language) (subclass AssameseBasedCreoleLanguage CreoleLanguage) (documentation AssameseBasedCreoleLanguage "An &%AssameseBasedCreoleLanguage is a &%CreoleLanguage using a grammatical and core lexical foundation of the &%AssameseLanguage.(extract from http://www.ethnologue.com/)") (instance NagaPidginLanguage AssameseBasedCreoleLanguage) (documentation NagaPidginLanguage "The &%NagaPidginLanguage is an &%AssameseBasedCreoleLanguage of &%India.
		Mountains.(extract from http://www.ethnologue.com/)") ;; DUTCH-BASED CREOLE LANGUAGES (4 Languages) (subclass DutchBasedCreoleLanguage CreoleLanguage) (documentation ArabicBasedCreoleLanguage "A &%DutchBasedCreoleLanguage is a &%CreoleLanguage using a grammatical and core lexical foundation of the &%DutchLanguage.(extract from http://www.ethnologue.com/)") (instance BerbiceCreoleDutchLanguage DutchBasedCreoleLanguage) (documentation BerbiceCreoleDutchLanguage "The &%BerbiceCreoleDutchLanguage is a &%DutchBasedCreoleLanguage of &%Guyana.
	cvs.sourceforge.net /viewcvs.py/checkout/sigmakee/KBs/People.kif?rev=1.3 (12360 words)

	University of Arizona Press - American Indian Languages
		This comprehensive survey of indigenous languages of the New World introduces students and general readers to the mosaic of American Indian languages and cultures and offers an approach to grasping their subtleties.
		Their text reveals the linguistic richness of languages found throughout the Americas, emphasizing those located in the western United States and Mexico, while drawing on a wide range of other examples found from Canada to the Andes.
		American Indian Languages: Cultural and Social Contexts is a comprehensive resource that will serve as a text in undergraduate and lower-level graduate courses on Native American languages and provide a useful reference for students of American Indian literature or general linguistics.
	www.uapress.arizona.edu /books/BID1066.htm (448 words)

	The Rosetta Project: the 1000 language archive (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		ALL Language Project begins with NSDL grant: Rosetta recently received a $1,000,000 grant from the National Science Digital Library program at the National Science Foundation.
		We are currently at 1,300 of 7,000 languages and know of sources to get us to around 4,000.
		A Rosetta Language Disk is on board the Feb. 26th 02004 ESA Rosetta Mission Launch.
	www.rosettaproject.org /live/search/languagesearch (187 words)

	Map Zones : Chile And Easter Island Map
		The Spaniards encountered fierce resistance to their occupation efforts from one of the main indigenous groups, the Araucanians, who lived in the south-central part of the country.
		In the sampled reservation communities, the literacy rate was 81.2 percent for all residents over five years of age, and yet the rate was more than 96.2 percent for the age-group between ages ten and thirty-four.
		The acquisition of language and literacy skills is, of course, a principal means of acculturation.
	kids.mapzones.com /world/chile_and_easter_island/chile_and_easter_island.php (7031 words)

	Wikiversity:School of Linguistics - Wikibooks
		The study of human language(s) by scientific method(s) in the spoken, written and preconscious form.
		Sub Departments Languages that cannot be reliably classified into any family are known as language isolates.
		In the scientific practice of linguistics, several distinct areas of study are recognized, each representing a different aspect or level of abstraction.
	en.wikibooks.org /wiki/Wikiversity:School_of_Linguistics (318 words)

	Araucanian languages (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The Araucanian languages are an indigenous language family of central Chile and west central Argentina in South America.
		The most widely spoken is Mapudungun, the language of the Mapuche people.
		There are an estimated 240,000 active users of the language, 200,000 in Chile and 40,000 in Argentina.
	www.sciencedaily.com /encyclopedia/araucanian_languages (150 words)

	[No title]
		However, it is possible to recover many of the features of the common ancestor of related languages by applying the comparative method -- a reconstructive procedure worked out by 19th-century
		Languages that cannot be reliably classified into any family are known as
		Besides the above languages that have arisen spontaneously out of the capability for vocal communication, there are also languages that share many of their important properties.
	en-cyclopedia.com /wiki/Family_of_languages (417 words)

	Lingva Prismo
		Language Family — Mapudungun belongs to the Araucanian languages, to which additionally only Hulliche belongs.
		— There are roughly 440,000 people who have a knowledge of the Mapudungun language, 400,000 of those are in Chile while the remaining 40.000 live in Argentina.
		As with many of the indigenous or tribal people the Mapuche believe that the liver is the most important human organ and has a similar significance as the heart has for us.
	www.lingvo.info /lf/mapudungun.php?lingvo=en (156 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The sign language used in class and that used by adults outside class are different.
		Professionals are required to know sign language in job training and social services programs.
		Comments: Different sign languages are used in the classroom and by adults outside.
	cvs.sourceforge.net /viewcvs.py/checkout/sigmakee/KBs/People.kif?... (12360 words)

	Ethnologue report for Argentina
		The number of languages listed for Argentina is 27.
		Of those, 25 are living languages and 2 are extinct.
		Dialects: A distinct language from Iyo'wujwa Chorote (Drayson).
	www.ethnologue.com /show_country.asp?name=Argentina (338 words)

	dictionary - Native American languages (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Native American languages are the indigenous languages of the Americas, spoken by Native Americans from Alaska and Greenland to the southern tip of South America.
		The Native American languages consist of dozens of distinct language families as well as many language isolates.
		The language or languages spoken by these early migrants, and the process by which the current diversity of Native American languages emerged, are a matter of speculation.
	www.medicalrace.com /dictionary/Native_American_languages (599 words)

	Araucanian - MavicaNET (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The Mapuche call their language Mapudungun (or Mapudungu), which is composed of "mapu" (land) and "dungun" (speech).
		Another word that is sometimes used is the Spanish word for the Mapuche and their language, which is "Araucano" (or in English, "Araucanian").
		In this article, I will tell you a little bit about the language of the Mapuche.
	www.mavicanet.com /directory/nld/2129.html (103 words)

	Huilliche language resources
		Tsesungun -- Tsesungun is a dialect of Huilliche, an Araucanian...
		Tsesungun is a dialect of Huilliche, an Araucanian language spoken in
		What are the most spoken languages on earth?
	mongabay.com /indigenous_ethnicities/languages/languages/Huilliche.html (455 words)

	List of Languages
		To proceed with your search, select a language.
		You may also specify the type of material and/or the level of instruction you are seeking.
		This database is provided in collaboration with the Center for Applied Linguistics, Washington, DC.
	www.lmp.ucla.edu /lmd/cals.htm (77 words)

	Ethnologue report for Chile
		[See also SIL publications on the languages of Chile.]
		The number of languages listed for Chile is 11.
		Of those, 9 are living languages and 2 are extinct.
	www.ethnologue.com /show_country.asp?name=Chile (262 words)

	University of Arizona Press/f00/American Indian Languages (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Highly readable and accessible to a general audience, it is a fine read for anyone interested in the subject." --Native California
		Along with topics long familiar to specialists--such as Sapir's discussion of the northern origin of the Navajo, and Haas's work on Koasati genderlects--there is much fresh material from Silver's and Miller's own field research." --Language in Society
		Wick R. Miller taught anthropology at the University of Utah from the early 1960s until his death in 1994.
	www.uapress.arizona.edu /CATALOGS/Fall00/pg29.htm (223 words)

	[No title]
		C %%%P%P%P%%%% Caddoan Languages. Cahuapanan Languages. Cambodian. See Khmer. Cariban Languages. Case. Overview. Case Theory. Case Alignment. Case Grammar. See Case. Principles and Parameters. Formal Grammar. Case Theory. Categorial Grammar. Caucasian Languages.
		M %%%P%P%P%%%% Maban Languages. Machine Translation. Macro-Ge Languages. Madang Languages. Main Clause. See Clause. Mairasi-Tanahmerah Languages. Maku Languages. Malay and Indonesian. Malayalam. Malayic Languages. Malayo-Polynesian Languages. Mamfe Languages.
		N %%%P%P%P%%%% Na-Dené Languages. Naga Languages. Nahuatl. Nambiquaran Languages. Names. See Philosophy of Language. Semantics. Narrative. See Linguistics and Literature. Discourse. Narrow Bantu `A'. Narrow Bantu `B'. Narrow Bantu `C'. Narrow Bantu `D'.
	www.udel.edu /billf/headwords.doc (867 words)

	MavicaNET - Araucanian (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Stats: links: 378427, categories: 31628, languages supported: 30
		Luettelo / Kulttuuri / Kielet / Language Families of American Indians / Araucanian
		The Mapuche are an indigenous people who live in southern Chile and Argentina.
	www.mavicanet.com /lite/fin/2129.html (124 words)

	Codes for the representation of names of languages (Library of Congress) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Codes for the representation of names of languages (Library of Congress)
		Alpha-3 codes arranged alphabetically by English name of language:
		For those 22 languages with alternative codes (bibliographic and terminology codes), ISO 639-2/B is given first followed by a slash ("/") and the ISO 639-2/T code.
	www.loc.gov /standards/iso639-2/englangn_ascii.html (115 words)

	ClayGate 496-499 : African, North & South American native & Austronesian languages (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Suite101.com : 499 - Non-Austronesian languages of Oceania, Austronesian languages, miscellaneous languages
		Katherine Munro's Language Teaching Resources : Indonesian
		The Georgian Language : an outline grammatical description
	library.bendigo.latrobe.edu.au /irs/webcat/496.htm (318 words)

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