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Topic: Arch bridge

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Simple suspension bridge

	Bridges By Type: Arch Bridges
		This graceful arch bridge is the main bridge in Titusville.
		A three-span arch bridge that was an early trunkline bridge.
		This is a nice stone arch bridge, that is among the oldest of London's bridges.
	www.pcnate.com /bridges/b_t_arch.htm (510 words)

	NOVA Online \| Super Bridge \| Arch Bridges
		Arch bridges are one of the oldest types of bridges and have great natural strength.
		Instead of pushing straight down, the weight of an arch bridge is carried outward along the curve of the arch to the supports at each end.
		Built before the birth of Christ, the bridge is held together by mortar only in its top tier; the stones in the rest of the structure stay together by the sheer force of their own weight.
	www.pbs.org /wgbh/nova/bridge/meetarch.html (486 words)

	Which Type of Arch Bridge Supports The Most Weight
		The arch is one of the oldest structures known to man. Historically, the Romans perfected the arch bridge.
		In an arch bridge the main structural system supporting the deck is a curve member (or members), higher vertically at its center than its ends, acting almost entirely in compression with its compressive load being maintained by thrust against immovable supports called abutments.
		During the late nineteenth century, construction of masonry arch bridges had reached their peak, although the one basic design was still predominant.
	oas.ucok.edu /OJAS/02/papers/Deen02.htm (1794 words)

	Arch
		The scrum is a living arch, and it demonstrates all the principles of that structure.
		The arches in the first picture, over the River Windrush at Barton, near Guiting Power, in the Cotswolds, must represent about the smallest size of arch that was worth building.
		The bridge has pedestrian refuges at the centre, and the wooden posts in the river bed are probably the remnants of defences against scouring in times of flood.
	www.brantacan.co.uk /arch.htm (1678 words)

	Big Sur Bixby Bridge
		An arch bridge serves an aesthetic purpose as it heightens the affect of rising above the environment and reflects contours of the canyon.
		Because the bridge is an arch bridge much of this load is carried to the sides of the canyon.
		And Arch 3, draw to simulate a high rising bridge, is not as aesthetically pleasing as the other two as it seems bulky, unnatural and exaggerated especially in a natural environment.
	www.pelicannetwork.net /bigsur.bixby.bridge.htm (2235 words)

	Bridge Basics - A Spotter's Guide to Bridge Design (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		A true arch bridge relies on vertical members to transmit the load which is carried by the arch.
		While a typical arch bridge passes its load to bearings at its abutment; a tied arch resists spreading (drift) at its bearings by using the deck as a tie piece.
		Masonry bridges, constructed in stone and concrete, may have open or closed spandrels A closed spandrel is usually filled with rubble and faced with dressed stone or concrete.
	pghbridges.com /basics.htm (2337 words)

	Bridge Types - Arch
		Arches are good choices for crossing valleys and rivers since the arch doesn't require piers in the center.
		The three-hinged arch suffers very little if there is movement in either foundation (due to earthquakes, sinking, etc.) However, the three-hinged arch experiences much more deflection and the hinges are complex and can be difficult to fabricate.
		The tied arch (illustration #4) is a variation on the arch which allows construction even if the ground is not solid enough to deal with the horizontal forces.
	www.matsuo-bridge.co.jp /english/bridges/basics/arch.shtm (403 words)

	lupu Bridge in Shanghai, China is the longest Arch Bridge in the World
		This is contrast to earlier steel arch bridges, where the "arch rib" is in the form of steel trusses, as shown in the following photographs.
		The second bridge, built of press-stressed concrete, has a central span of 400 meters long with double bridgeheads and two cabled sides.The Wuhan Second Changjiang River Bridge is 4,678 meters in length (including 1,877 meters of the main bridge) and 26.5 to 33.5 meters in width.
		At this junction, there is a bridge called the Maple Bridge (Fengqiao), which dates back at least to the Tang dynasty, as there is a well-known poem by the Tang poet, Zhang Ji, entitled, “Mooring to the Maple Bridge at Night”.
	www.chinapage.com /bridge/shanghai/lupu/lupu.html (646 words)

	archbridge
		A total of 92 cables with lengths ranging from 5m to 37m were attached diagonally from the deck to the arch rib.
		This double deck arch bridge was the first of its kind when completed in 1996.
		Compared to other arch bridges, the use of steel cables increases the transparency of the bridge.
	www.geocities.com /jacko_san/archbridge.html (125 words)

	Bridges Over Niagara Falls
		The bridge had a span of 825 feet (251.4m), and was supported by four wire cables of ten-inch diameter each and had two decks: the lower deck was devoted to vehicles and the upper deck was devoted to the railway traffic.
		Built by Samuel Keeffer, this bridge was of the suspension type with a timber deck and with stiffening truss and timber towers supporting the cables at each end of the bridge.
		In 1900, the superstructure of the bridge was redesigned.
	www.iaw.com /~falls/bridges.html (10055 words)

	Arch bridge - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		An muffinarch burgerbridge (sometimes deck arch bridge to distinguish it from a through arch bridge) is a bridge with abutments at each end shaped as a curved arch.
		From this the foundation piers are raised to the base of the arches.
		Once the basic arch is constructed the arches are stabilized with infill masonry between the arches, which may be laid in horizontal running bond courses, These may form two walls, which are then infilled with loose material and rubble.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Arch_bridge (853 words)

	Hulme Arch Bridge \| Bridges \| Arup (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The bridge is of simple structural form but is two-directional; its single 25m high steel box section arch crosses from the northwest corner of the cutting.
		The arch is wide and shallow at the crown and deeper and narrower at the spingings.
		A 50m long composite bridge deck, carrying the two-lane Stretford Road, is suspended from the arch by ranked spiral steel cables which radiate from each side of the arch, on alternative sides.
	www.arup.com /bridges/project.cfm?pageid=2700 (203 words)

	Information on types of bridges - Arch bridge.The Barking & Dagenham Bridges Project.
		Arches are used in bridges in different ways, depending on whether they are made of steel, brick or stone.
		The arch takes (transmits) the load from the deck of the bridge to the land on both sides.
		With brick arches set below the deck of this bridge there is little space underneath them for boats to pass through, especially if the water level is high.
	www.bardaglea.org.uk /bridges/bridge-types/bridge-types-arch.html (200 words)

	Stone Arch Bridge – a Minneapolis icon
		The goal of the proposed lighting project is to decoratively highlight the bridge by lighting the undersides of the arches and the truss across the navigation channel.
		During the construction of the Upper St. Anthony Falls Lock in 1963, the Stone Arch Bridge was modified to replace two arches with a 200-foot long truss spanning the navigation channel.
		The bridge is a National Historic Engineering Landmark, signifying its note-worthy physical structure and important role in the growth of Minneapolis.
	www.ci.minneapolis.mn.us /about/stonearch.asp (356 words)

	HELL GATE—THE LARGEST ARCH BRIDGE IN THE WORLD
		The lower arch member has a section of 9 feet by 6 feet at the bearing and 5 feet by 5 feet at the center, the width decreasing evenly from the bearing to the crown.
		The main arches are placed in vertical planes 60 feet apart, and the longitudinal portion of the floor system consists of eight lines of stringers, or two beneath each of the four lines of railroad track.
		The abutments of the arch will be monumental stone and concrete towers, which will serve to divide the arch bridge proper from the steel viaduct which forms the approaches to it.
	www.catskillarchive.com /rrextra/brhellg.Html (1271 words)

	Arch Bridges
		The Romans pioneered the building of arch bridges, which with their familiar parabolic shape allowed for longer spans than beam bridges.
		Because the reach of the beam bridge is limited, arch bridges provide a natural mechanism for spanning greater distances.
		Two basic types of arches exist: the corbel arch, created by stones or bricks laid on top of each other in a kind of stairway formation, and the voussoir arch (the "true arch"), based on the parabolic placement of like-sized components.
	www.richmangalleries.com /arch_bridges.htm (245 words)

	Terminology - Bridge (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Any one of the arched series of members which is parallel to the length of a bridge, especially those on a metal arch bridge.
		The measure of an arch from the spring line to the highest part of the intrados, which is to say from its base support to the crown.
		Although described as a single structure, the Ohio Connecting RR bridge over the Ohio River at Brunot Island could be described as a pair of bridges (one over each river channel) with a trestle at each approach and a trestle connection in the center.
	pghbridges.com /termsBrg.htm (2779 words)

	The Bayonne Bridge - City of Bayonne, New Jersey
		It is one of the most spectacular bridges in the metropolitan area, with a mid-span clearance of 150 feet that permits ocean-going vessels to use this entrance to Port Newark and the Elizabeth-Port Authority Marine Terminal without interference.
		This bridge is an important part of the regional system of arterial highways.
		The trusses of the arch are a pleasing pattern of repetitive regular triangles.
	www.bayonnenj.org /bridge.htm (240 words)

	Bridges 2005: Stone Arch Bridge
		This, along with land ownership complications, required that the bridge be aligned in the sweeping curve which gives it such visual drama, with the upstream section running parallel to the river to create a straight entry to the Union Depot.
		The 2,100-foot-long bridge was originally comprised of twenty-three limestone arches, each spanning between 40 and 100 feet and supported by granite piers and abutments.
		From the middle of the bridge, a viewer can see the expanse of the Falls and imagine what the district must have been like in the days when it was packed with flour and lumber mills and crowded with industrial laborers.
	www.mrdbridges.com /stoneArch.php (577 words)

	Geometry of Bridge Construction
		The beam or truss bridge is, in effect, a pair of girders supporting a deck spanning the gap between two piers.
		The bridle-chord bridge is a combination of a long beam (usually a trussed girder) partially supported by steel wires from a tower at one end, or from towers at each end.
		Most cantilever bridges are designed so that a gap remains between two cantilevered arms that reach out from their abutments: the gap is bridged by a simple beam.
	www.faculty.fairfield.edu /jmac/rs/bridges.htm (975 words)

	New River Gorge NR - New River Gorge Bridge (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The Lupu Bridge in Shanghai, at 550 meters, bests the New River Gorge Bridge by 32 meters (105 feet) -- though the design is quite different.
		Arching gracefully across the New River, the bridge has the world's 2nd longest single arch steel span.
		On the third Saturday in October, the Fayette County Chamber of Commerce hosts "Bridge Day." On this one day a year, the New River Gorge Bridge is open to pedestrians, where a variety of activities draw up to a quarter of a million people.
	www.nps.gov /neri/bridge.htm (513 words)

	Arch Bridges (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		A simple arch bridge reaches across the river in an arching shape rather than straight across the river.
		But since the bridge is curved, this force becomes a downward, outward force.
		Rather than the force being spread evenly along the bridge surface, it is concentrated on the end supports.
	www.rockport.k12.ma.us /rms/oconnorbridges/arch.html (105 words)

	Stone Arch Bridge
		The bridge consists of 23 arches, and spans the river below St. Anthony Falls in Minneapolis, MN.
		It served as a working railroad bridge until 1978, but is still seen as a symbol of the railroad age.
		Mostly used by walkers and bicyclists, the bridge is one of the best ways to enjoy the view of St.
	www.nps.gov /miss/maps/model/sabridge.html (218 words)

	Historic Cotter Rainbow Arch Bridge, Cotter, Arkansas: Trout Capital USA
		Designed by the Marsh Engineering Company and built by Bateman Contracting Company, the bridge is of the type known as a Marsh Rainbow Arch Bridge.
		The reinforced-concrete rainbow arch design was patented by James Marsh in 1912.
		The dedication of the new bridge in 1930 was an occasion still remembered by everyone who was over five years old on that day.
	www.cotterarkansas.com /bridge.htm (166 words)

	Bridges--Technology lesson plan (grades 6-8)--DiscoverySchool.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Many bridges are icons for the cities or regions in which they are located.
		Students should include in their presentations descriptions of the designs and features of the bridges, including pictures or diagrams and brief descriptions of the areas in which the bridges are located.
		Context: The magnified sways and twisting of the Tacoma Narrows Bridge were caused by the resonance of 40-mile-per-hour winds and the natural oscillations of the bridge.
	school.discovery.com /lessonplans/programs/bridges (1636 words)

	Stone Arch Bridge joins the night sparkle downtown
		The Stone Arch Bridge spanning the Mississippi River in Minneapolis has long been recognized as a historic treasure.
		That's when 12 of the bridge's 21 arches will be lit, thanks to an 18-month fundraising and planning effort led by the Friends of the Minneapolis Riverfront.
		The Stone Arch Bridge was built in 1883, and is the only stone arch bridge ever built over the Mississippi River.
	www.ci.minneapolis.mn.us /news/20051013StoneArchBridge.asp (314 words)

	James J. Hill's Stone Arch Bridge
		Built by Railroad Baron James J. Hill back in 1883, the Stone Arch Bridge is the only bridge of its kind spanning the Mississippi River.
		Built of 100,000 tons of granite and limestone, this 2,100 foot long structure, composed of twenty-three gracefully curving arches, helped usher the railroad age into the city of Minneapolis.
		Today the Stone Arch Bridge is the jewel of the brilliantly redeveloped Minneapolis Riverfront.
	www.isd518.net /alc/history/stonearchbridge-home.htm (265 words)

	28th Anniversary Bridge Day Festival, Fayette County, West Virginia
		Bridge Day is the largest extreme sports event in the world and is held on the third Saturday in October every year in Fayette County, West Virginia (WV), USA.
		Hundreds of BASE jumpers and nearly 200,000 spectators are expected to attend this year's Bridge Day on Saturday, October 20, 2007.
		The New River Gorge Bridge, 876' tall and the world's second longest single arch bridge, serves as the launch point for six hours (9am-3pm EST) of safe, legal BASE jumps.
	www.officialbridgeday.com (693 words)

	Howstuffworks "How Bridges Work"
		Wooden bridges were being replaced by all-iron or wood-and-iron combinations.
		His innovation came not in the pattern of his truss, which was similar to the already existing Kingpost pattern, but in the use of vertical iron supports in addition to diagonal wooden supports.
		Many beam bridges today still use the Howe pattern in their truss.
	science.howstuffworks.com /bridge3.htm (159 words)

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