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	Arch of Constantine
		The arch of Constantine was dedicated by the senate in AD 315 in honour of Constantine's victory over Maxentius.
		However, it is is generally understood that the arch is actually much older and was originally dedicated to emperor Hadrian.
		It appears to depict the Sun God, the very deity which was Constantine's father (Constantius Chlorus) worshipped and which is ascribed to Constantine prior to his conversion to Christianity.
	www.roman-empire.net /tours/rome/arch-of-constantine.html (116 words)

	Arch of Constantine, Rome [Introduction - part 1 of 6] (Photo Archive)
		The Arch of Constantine is a triumphal arch, erected c.
		The arch is located in the valley of the Colosseum, between the Palatine Hill and the Colosseum, along the road taken by the triumphal processions.
		The Arch of Constantine is a three-way arch, measuring 21m in height, 25.7m in width and 7.4m in depth.
	sights.seindal.dk /sight/299_Arch_of_Constantine.html (922 words)

	ARCH OF CONSTANTINE- Rome Italy
		Arches were built to either celebrate a triumph or in memorial, it is one of the greatest inventions of Roman architecture.
		The Arch of Constantine was erected near the Colosseum, decorated with a series of relief's and sculptures taken from other buildings.
		In 330 AD Constantine moved the Empire's capital to Byzantium, henceforth known as Constantinople, this event marked the end of classical, pagan Rome: from this time on the monuments of the former capital were gradually abandoned or converted to other purposes.
	www.goporta.com /rome/ArchCostantine.htm (117 words)

	Arch of Constantine - Rome, Italy
		The Arch of Constantine is a large triumphal arch in Rome next to the Colosseum.
		This arch is religiously significant because it commemorates the battle that led the Emperor Constantine to convert to Christianity, thereby changing the religious landscape of the western world.
		The clumsily sculptured Victories in the spandrels of the central arch, the river-gods over the side arches, the medallions of the rising and setting sun at the ends, the Victories on the pedestals of the giallo columns, and the bands over the side arches, are all of Constantine's time.
	www.sacred-destinations.com /italy/rome-arch-of-constantine.htm (693 words)

	Roman Emperors - DIR Constantine I
		Lactantius, whom Constantine appointed tutor of his son Crispus [[11]] and who therefore must have been close to the imperial family, reports that during the night before the Battle of the Milvian Bridge Constantine was commanded in a dream to place the sign of Christ on the shields of his soldiers.
		Constantine convened a synod of bishops to hear the complaint; the synod met in Rome's Lateran Council and is known as the Synod of Rome.
		Constantine without question began the construction of two major churches in Constantinople, Hagia Sophia (Holy Wisdom) and Hagia Eirene (Holy Peace); the foundation of a third, the Church of the Holy Apostles, may be attributed to him with a measure of certainty.
	www.roman-emperors.org /conniei.htm (5004 words)

	The Arch of Constantine - Bill Storage
		The inscription on the Arch of Constantine describes Maxentius as a tyrant; and the significant historians agree, including the ancient pagan writer (or editor/compiler), Zosimus,[6] although modern analysts point out that contrary views that may once have existed might not have survived.
		Constantine knew of this piece by Cicero and quoted from it in his speech, Ad sanctorum coetum, thus it is likely that Constantine's usage (or, more accurately, the Senate's usage on Constantine's behalf) includes a nod to the god of the Christians and the god(s) of the pagans.
		But to a greater degree, it reflects Constantine's boasting that he had known that the Maxentius problem would have to be addressed sooner or later, and that he was justified in having taken swift action to remedy this problem.
	www.bstorage.com /Rome/ArchConstantine (7417 words)

	[No title]
		As early as 313, that is two years before the arch was dedicated, Constantine was making fantastically large donations to the Christians of Rome so that they could administer to the needs of their community and build the huge cult and funeral buildings that began to appear on the outer edges of the city.
		Constantine's importance was also emphasized by the fact that his arch surpassed in size and lavishness all previous arches in the capital.
		For example, on the arch of Constantine the two scenes depicting Constantine performing his civic duties, the oratio and the donatio, are on the north facing into the city, while those devoted to his martial exploits are on the south facing away from the city center.
	www.reed.edu /~mkerr/papers/carch95.html (5326 words)

	Roma: Arc of Constantine (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Constantine was the emperor who brought a semblance of peace to a Rome that had been fraught with civil war on and off for a hundred years.
		The arch was built for Constantine by the Senate and people of Rome in 315 CE to commemorate his victory over Maxentius.
		The arch has three portals and is richly decorated with statues and carved reliefs, though many of them were pillaged from earlier structures.
	www.romainteractive.com /arcconst.htm (289 words)

	ARCH OF CONSTANTINE : Encyclopedia Entry
		The Arch of Constantine is a triumphal arch in Rome, situated between the Colosseum and the Palatine Hill.
		It has been suggested that the lower part of the arch is re-used from an older monument, probably from the times of the emperor Hadrian (Conforto et al., 2001; for a defence of the view that the whole arch was constructed in the 4th century, see Pensabene and Panella).
		They are usually read as sign of Constantine's shifting religious affiliation: The Christian tradition, most notably Lactantius and Eusebius of Caesarea, relate the story of a vision of the Christian God to Constantine during the campaign, and that he was victorious in the sign of the cross at the Milvian Bridge.
	www.bibleocean.com /OmniDefinition/Arch_of_Constantine (1567 words)

	Arch of Constantine
		Constantine and Licinius eventually became foes, and in 324 Constantine defeated and executed Licinius near Byzantium (modern Istanbul, Turkey).
		Constantine was now unchallenged ruler of the whole Roman Empire, and shortly after the death of Licinius, Constantine founded a "New Rome" on the site of Byzantium and named it Constantinople (the city of Constantine).
		The second-century reliefs were, however, refashioned to honor Constantine by recutting the heads of the earlier emperors with the features of the new ruler and by adding labels to the old reliefs.
	ah.phpwebhosting.com /a/OUTofBFLO/italy/rome/archcon/index.html (602 words)

	Visit the arch of Constantine with a personal driver guide
		Constantine is considered the first Christian emperor and ruled in the IV century AD.
		When he defeated his colleague Maxentius in a battle on the Tiber river (battle of the Milvian Bridge), the senators dedicated this arch to him and to his faith, which we have reasons to believe it was christianity.
		The arch is a marvellous example of the ways in which the romans could use the vaults to built aqueducts, porches and bridges.
	www.rome-tours.org /english/constantine-arch.html (345 words)

	The Arch Of Constantine - Ancient World Rome
		Constantine's Arch is located next to The Colosseum on the Piazza Dei Colosseum, at the end of Via Di San Gregorio VII.
		The Arch Of Constantine is a good example of Roman building practices - most of the building materials and decorations were "recycled", taken from previous buildings and monuments.
		Victory processions would start South of the Arch of Constantine, go through it and turn left after the arch, and up the road to and through the Arch of Titus, and down through the Forum end and at the Temple of Jupiter.
	www.ancientworldrome.com /arch-of-constantine-rome.html (122 words)

	THE ARCH OF CONSTANTINE AS A 'COMPOSITE' MONUMENT
		THE ARCH OF CONSTANTINE AS A 'COMPOSITE' MONUMENT
		Constantine defeated Maxentius on 28 October 312 and the Arch was in all likelihood dedicated when he returned to Rome for a couple of months in 315.
		The Arch of Constantine, therefore, was part of this process of negotiation between the new ruler Constantine on the one hand and the Senate and People of Rome on the other.
	www.clas.canterbury.ac.nz /nzact/constantine.htm (1934 words)

	The Arch of Constantine, Rome, Sight-Seeing on your Holiday to Italy
		The Arch of Constantine is a triumphal arch in Rome, situated between the Colosseum and the Palatine Hill.
		They are usually read as sign of Constantine's shifting religious affiliation: The Christian tradition, most notably Lactantius and Eusebius of Caesarea, relate the story of a vision of the Christian god to Constantine during the campaign, and that he was victorious in the sign of the cross at the Milvian Bridge.
		The Arches of Rome were splendid monuments of triumph, erected in honour of her illustrious generals.
	www.magicaljourneys.com /Italy/italy-attractions-lazio-rome-constantine.html (1985 words)

	Arch of Constantine lecture hum110 Sp 1997
		For example, on the arch of Constantine, the two scenes depicting Constantine performing his civic duties, the oratio and the donatio, are on the north facing into the city (the side we see now on the screen), while those devoted to his martial exploits are on the south facing away from the city center.
		What we have found here in the siting of the arch of Constantine was standard fare for the urban design of Roman cities and one that had a long history going back, as I pointed out in one of my lectures earlier in the semester, to at least to the earliest Roman emperor Augustus.
		Though Constantine could trace his family lineage directly back to the Flavians, the dynasty that had ruled the empire for the thirty or so years after Nero's death, he was not of the same blue aristocratic blood as the senatorial class who dominated the political landscape of the city of Rome.
	people.reed.edu /~mkerr/papers/carch97.html (5503 words)

	Fori Imperiali di Roma - Rome's Imperial Forums.
		With three barrel vaults, the arch is one of the largest erected in ancient Rome.
		Reliefs above the smaller arches depict epidsodes from the Emperor's victorious wars against the Parthians and the Arabs of Mesopotamia.
		Built by the Romans in 81 A.D. to commemorate the conquest of Jerusalem by Vespasian and Titus.
	www.roma-rome.com /roman_arches.html (211 words)

	Arch Of Constantine \| Colosseum in Rome, Italy \| Byzantium (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Constantine the Great, also known as Constantine I, was born about A.D. 275 and died in 337.
		Constantine had liberated the city and the state from the tyrant Maxentius by his victory in the battle of Milvian Bridge.
		The arch is decorated with sculptures taken from earlier monuments erected by Trajan, Hadrian and others, and only the small reliefs which run around the monument actually depict events from the life of Constantine.
	www.padfield.com /2002/constantine.html (173 words)

	Christian History - Constantine - 131 Christians Everyone Should Know
		Once supreme in the West, Constantine met Licinius, the ruler of the Balkan provinces, and issued the famous Edict of Milan that gave Christians freedom of worship and directed the governors to restore all the property seized during the severe Diocletian persecution.
		For example, on the Arch of Constantine, which celebrates his Milvian Bridge victory, pagan sacrifices usually depicted on Roman monuments are absent.
		Constantine waited until death drew near to be baptized as a Christian.
	www.christianitytoday.com /history/special/131christians/constantine.html (1398 words)

	Phototour
		The arch served as the triumphal entryway to the Forum, through which victorious generals passed on their way to the steps of the Temple of Jupiter Optimus Maximus located on the Capitoline.
		The triple arched structure was decorated with fragments from older Roman monuments, testifying to the decline of the arts in the Late Empire.
		The triple Arch of Septimius Severus, nearly 21m high and over 23m wide is entirely faced with marble and was erected in AD 203 to honor the 10th anniversary of the emperor's ascension.
	www.architectour.com /1.htm (702 words)

	UWM News Release (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Differences between the arch’s two creators, both in architecture and embellishment, are revealed in a lecture by distinguished classical archaeologist R. Ross Holloway at the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee (UWM) on Tuesday, Sept. 14.
		A recent detailed study of the arch shows that there are two phases in its construction, which was begun in the early fourth century A.D. It is therefore possible to attribute the beginning of work on the arch to the Emperor Maxentius, who was in control of Rome from 306 to 312.
		The elaborate sculptural decoration of the arch can also be divided between the original Maxentian program and the additions, with different emphasis, made by Constantine.
	www.uwm.edu /News/PR/04.09/archaeol.html (311 words)

	raceandhistory.com - The Arch of Constantine
		North face of the arch from the third level of the Colosseum as it appeared in November of 1999.
		To the emperor Flavius Constantine, the Great, pious and fortunate, the Senate and People of Rome, because by divine inspiration and his own great spirit with his army on both the tyrant and all his faction at once in rightful battle he avenged the State, dedicated this arch as a march of triumph.
		The eight panels on the attic to the sides of the inscription were taken from a monument to Marcus Aurelius and the emperor's head was recut to resemble Constantine.
	www.raceandhistory.com /Europe/constantine.html (790 words)

	Arch of Constantine
		The Arch of Constantine was erected in honor of Emperor Constantine after his defeat of Maxentius in the year 315 AD.
		The Arch is decorated with many reliefs, although many were taken from earlier structures.
		The reliefs made especially for the arch tell stories of the life of Constantine, though more poorly sculpted then the earlier sculptures because of the decline in artisanship during the civil wars or the century past.
	members.tripod.com /jet_power/id23.htm (71 words)

	Arch of Constantine Rome
		The Arch of Constantine is located between the Arch of Titus and the Circus Maximus, along the road where the Triumphal Parades passed.
		It was dedicated to Constantine by the Senate in 315 AD to commemorate his victory over Maxentius in the battle of the Milvian Bridge which took place 3 years earlier.
		The arch was Constantine's attempt to restore the Empire to its former glory; however, by the time it was erected, Rome had already lost its place as the Empire's Capital.
	www.romaviva.com /Colosseo/arch_of_constantine.htm (224 words)

	Rome - Triumphal Arch of Constantine
		The testimony of all beholders of this arch has been that they were fascinated by its beauty and by the strength and harmony of its proportions.
		While the Arch of Titus is conceded by experts to be the most perfect in existence, to the ordinary beholder this is by far the most attractive.
		Through and beyond the arch to the left is the Esquiline Hill, and through the smaller opening on the left we see part of the fence surrounding the fountain, Meta Sudans.
	www.oldandsold.com /articles26/rome-37.shtml (559 words)

	Arch of Constantine (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The Arch of Constantine is located right next to the Colosseum.
		The Senate built this arch in 315 AD to honor Constantine's defeat of the pagan Maxentius.
		Many of the carvings on this arch have nothing to do with Constantine or his works, but were taken from other long forgotten memorials.
	ancient-rome.tripod.com /archofc/archofc.htm (51 words)

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