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Topic: Archaeological context

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Archaeological Methods, Theory, and Practice: An Overview of Theory Stewardship (theory frames all our work and is therefore essential to understanding the value of the archaeological record) and Diverse Interests (recognition of the social context of archaeology). This module provides a general overview of contemporary archaeological theory that frames material presented throughout the course. The debate can be placed within the larger context of the “science wars” as well as the larger historical context of anthropology, with its persistent debates over evolutionary or comparative versus historical approaches, or emphases on studying meaning versus behavior. www.indiana.edu /~arch/saa/matrix/amtp/amtp_mod04.html

Archaeology - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Archaeological excavation existed when the field was still the domain of amateurs, and it remains the source of the majority of data recovered in most field projects. Scaled plans and sections of individual features are all drawn on site, black and white and colour photographs of them are taken, and recording sheets are filled in describing the context of each. The first major phase in the history of archaeological theory is commonly referred to as cultural, or culture, history, which was developed during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Archaeology   (4587 words)

'Hotties', St Helens, Merseyside, research seminar Moreover, St Helens is a single industry town, still almost totally reliant on the glass industry and this project is especially relevant in the local context. The seminar, held in July 1995, was organised by Lancaster University Archaeological Unit in conjunction with the 'Hotties' Science and Arts Centre. Comparative evidence for glass manufacturing in the North East and West Midlands was considered, and the deficiencies of the archaeological record for the 19th-century period were highlighted. www.eng-h.gov.uk /ArchRev/rev95_6/hotties.htm   (471 words)

The Historicity and Historicisation of Arthur In the same way, conclusions regarding historicity can only be drawn from looking at the 'historical Arthur' texts in the context of the whole body of early material. The only piece of archaeological data which might have been significant to the debate is the Glastonbury cross naming King Arthur as the occupant of the grave it was supposedly found in by the monks of Glastonbury in 1191. If, however, this charter is looked at in the context of all the other charters from that monastery then the situation is rather different: thus if, for example, all the other charters from that monastery appear to be forgeries then it seems very likely indeed that this charter too is a forgery. www.arthuriana.co.uk /historicity/arthur.htm   (471 words)

Training in Archaeometry In the U.S., archaeological science is not usually a separate degree program but is taught within the context of anthropology, archaeology, chemistry, materials science, or geology. Working together with these colleagues, the MIT SIMSMC faculty demonstrate, through modules that explore materials engineering in the context of material culture, how undergraduate teaching can incorporate the subject matter of materials science in imaginative and intellectually stimulating ways that are congruent with and relevant to the pursuits of liberal arts institutions. Degrees in Archaeological Materials offered through Materials Science at M.I.T. Summer Institute in the Materials Science of Material Culture (SIMSMC) www2.uiuc.edu /unit/ATAM/train/home.html   (647 words)

List of famous archaeological discoveries - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Some archaeological discoveries may be associated with a particular archaeological site; others are equally relevant out of context. However, some such discoveries may later have their meaning reassessed in the context of later discoveries, or even be discredited at a later date (e.g., Piltdown Man). Most of the archeological discoveries listed below had significance for the development of archaeology as a discipline and added to human knowledge. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/List_of_famous_archaeological_discoveries   (103 words)

2004 Achill Archaeological Field School Programme Fieldwork (survey and excavation), architectural survey, EDM / Total Station, Theodolite and Level, lectures, seminars, finds processing and cataloguing, context sheet recording, artefact identification and Field Trip. Draughtsmanship, lectures, finds processing and cataloguing, context sheet recording, EDM / Total Station, Theodolite and Level, and Field Trip. Survey of houses and other structures at Annagh Booley Village www.achill-fieldschool.com /html/site/2004fieldschool.htm   (103 words)

List of famous archaeological discoveries - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Some archaeological discoveries may be associated with a particular archaeological site; others are equally relevant out of context. However, some such discoveries may later have their meaning reassessed in the context of later discoveries, or even be discredited at a later date (e.g., Piltdown Man). Most of the archeological discoveries listed below had significance for the development of archaeology as a discipline and added to human knowledge. www.wikipedia.org /wiki/List_of_famous_archaeological_discoveries   (103 words)

Brownfield Sites 2) " Sites" -- In the context of Brownfield Sites 1) " Brownfield" -- In the context of Brownfield Sites For historical reasons, many brownfield sites are located close to important thoroughfares such as highways and rivers ; their reclamation can therefore be a major asset to a city. www.lottery-news.net /dust35540-brownfield_sites.html   (616 words)

ICOMOS Charter for the Protection and Management of the Archaeological Heritage The overall objective of archaeological heritage management should be the preservation of monuments and sites in situ, including proper long-term conservation and curation of all related records and collections etc. Any transfer of elements of the heritage to new locations represents a violation of the principle of preserving the heritage in its original context. Other elements of the archaeological heritage constitute part of the living traditions of indigenous peoples, and for such sites and monuments the participation of local cultural groups is essential for their protection and preservation. The archaeological heritage is common to all human society and it should therefore be the duty of every country to ensure that adequate funds are available for its protection. www.international.icomos.org /charters/arch_e.htm   (616 words)

What is an Archaeological Site? Archaeological sites are distinguished from other heritage sites due to the fact that they tend to be the relics and ruins of our past. The Historic Places Act 1993 defines an archaeological site as a place associated with pre-1900 human activity, where there may be evidence relating to the history of New Zealand. Archaeology is all about the discovery, recovery and interpretation of the surviving evidence of past human activity in its context in or above the ground. www.historic.org.nz /heritage/archsites_intro.html   (616 words)

Archaeological Protection Act of 1979 Nonfossilized and fossilized paleontological specimens, or any portion or piece thereof, shall not be considered archaeological resources, under the regulations under this paragraph, unless found in archaeological context. (4) there is a wealth of archaeological information which has been legally obtained by private individuals for noncommercial purposes and which could voluntarily be made available to professional archaeologists and institutions. (3) a determination by any court that such archaeological resources, vehicles, or equipment were involved in such violation. www.cr.nps.gov /hps/laws/archprotect.htm   (616 words)

Archaeological field survey - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Surveys can be a practical way to decide whether or not to carry out an excavation (as a way of recording the basic details of a possible site) and may also be ends in themselves, as they produce important information about past human activities in a regional context. archaeological sites across a large area, whereas intensive surveys are designed to provide a more comprehensive picture of the location of sites and the nature of off-site data (e.g. archaeological evidence if intrusive methods are used) and; (b) extensive or intensive depending on the types of research questions being asked of the landscape in question. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Archaeological_survey   (616 words)

Chapter II This central structural aspect of traditional culture was alleged to be recoverable and interpretable from the archaeological context. Culture Areas and Culture Dynamics: Culture area emerged as a critical concept to the regional organization of archaeological knowledge that was derived primarily from the ethnographic evidence of the distribution of cultures upon the American landscape. Behind this paradigm was an on-going dialectic of archaeological and anthropological theory and a "metaphysic" concerning the ontology and epistemological foundation of its knowledge base. www.lewismicropublishing.com /Publications/DiggingThePast/ChapterII.htm   (7195 words)

Archaeological association - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Associated objects that can be proved to have been deposited at the same time, through being in the same context, form a genuine or close association. Objects that can only be theorised as being deposited together, either because they were not excavated properly, their excavation records are lost or because they come from similar but different contexts, are said to be in open association. Finds in association are known as as assemblage and are much more useful than individual ones as greater precision can be assigned to their function, date and provenance. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Archaeological_association   (7195 words)

The Rise of the Archaeological Consulting Industry in Ontario Now archaeology, and specifically the conservation of archaeological resources within a development context, is a high profile component of the heritage landscape, loaded with economic, social and political ramifications that impinge on the interests of a much wider sector of society than that of the archaeological community. Improvements by consultant archaeologists towards professionalising their industry, as well as improvements by the entire archaeological community in the areas of co-operation, communication and co-management, are necessary in order to respond to the changing face of archaeology in Ontario. Consequently, archaeological concerns were often ignored in Planning Act decisions made by both municipal and provincial approval authorities. www.adamsheritage.com /articles/neal/neal.htm   (8541 words)

Secretary's Standards--Archeology and Historic Preservation Reconnaissance survey might be most profitably employed when gathering data to refine a developed historic context—such as checking on the presence or absence of expected property types, to define specific property types or to estimate the distribution of historic properties in an area. Intensive survey describes the distribution of properties in an area; determines the number, location and condition of properties; determines the types of properties actually present within the area; permits classification of individual properties; and records the physical extent of specific properties. Survey techniques may be loosely grouped into two categories, according to their results. www.cr.nps.gov /local-law/Arch_Standards.htm   (8541 words)

DAACS :: Archaeological Sites :: Rich Neck Slave Quarter: Background The remainder of the features consisted of a robber’s trench (master context 24) where bricks were removed from the northwest chimney cheek, four tree holes, one animal burrow, and nine unidentified features. Three 1x1m units (contexts 138-140) were then excavated within the 5x5m unit, but no features were discovered. In early 1995, the area around “feature 1,” was machine-stripped, exposing the approximately 4 x 4 meter extent of the cellar, and another feature (M3), that was, in size (1.2 x 1.6 meters) and shape (sub-rectangular), not unlike the sub-floor pits identified at the Rich Neck Slave Quarter, roughly 15 meters to the northwest. www.daacs.org /resources/sites/RichneckQuarter/background.html   (8541 words)

Eight great archaeological sites I will be treating these as sites of the imagination – the medieval castle as much about notions of the gothic and romantic as a source of information about life in feudal England, a prehistoric monument as much a stimulus to reflect upon the nature of mysticism as a subject of contemporary archaeological fieldwork. It will be the basis for exploration of each site in turn through its excavation, its features and finds, the arguments over its interpretation, and its place in our understanding of the archaeological history of Europe. Each week of the eight sites will involve a look at the site itself, the excavations and publications (first lecture), and a discussion of the context of problems/issues (second lecture). traumwerk.stanford.edu /~mshanks/courses/eight-sites   (1124 words)

THE EXCAVATION RECORDING APPARATUS The narrative part of the locus entry should concentrate on problems raised during the course of excavating the locus within the context of the trench (or larger archaeological feature, such as a building) in which you are working. Most archaeological sediments are some blend of these three. An archaeological feature (i.e., a locus) is any definable archaeological phenomenon. www.choma.org /documentation/fldmanual   (1124 words)

Encyclopedia Smithsonian: Archaeology Of more importance is the artifact's "association" or "context", which refers to its location or placement in relation to nearby observed indications of human activities such as living structures, burials, storage pits, fire hearths or work areas. To locate your local or regional archaeological society, contact the chairman of the anthropology department of a nearby university who should be able to direct you further. archaeological field methods are complex, and a great amount of training and supervision is necessary before excavation can be carried out effectively. www.si.edu /resource/faq/nmnh/arclogy.htm   (1124 words)

UAE Culture & Heritage: Archaeological Sites - UAEinteract In the context of the UAE this impression, as archaeological and historical research has shown, could not be further from the truth. The absence of a detailed written history is all too often interpreted as an indication of a lack of history or historical events. Site map - Disclaimers, Terms Of Use and Notices www.uaeinteract.com /culture/archaeological.asp   (205 words)

WEBPAGE Context- the framework (time, space, form, and culture) in which we find archaeological remains Archaeological culture- widespread and regularly associated occurrences of archaeological finds within a specific temporal and geographic region Culture history-chronicle of the changes that occur within an archaeological culture over time www.stpt.usf.edu /arthurj/North_Arch_method.html   (526 words)

Archaeological association - Encyclopedia.WorldSearch Associated objects that can be proved to have been deposited at the same time, through being in the same context, form a genuine or close association. Objects that can only be theorised as being deposited together, either because they were not excavated properly, their excavation records are lost or because they come from similar but different contexts, are said to be in open association. Prehistoric Maori fortifications in the North Island of New Zealand (Monograph - New Zealand Archaeological Association ; no. 6) encyclopedia.worldsearch.com /archaeological_association.htm   (526 words)

historical atlas of Sussex This major new work of reference is the result of a partnership between the University of Sussex, the Sussex Archaeological Society and East and West Sussex County Councils. Prepared by leading experts, they plot a huge diversity of subject matter, ranging from prehistoric times to the present day, and each is accompanied by a text which places it in context and reveals a remarkable amount of new research. SUSSEX, EAST AND WEST, has been well served by fine cartographers over the past four centuries, but this exciting work is no mere collection of historic maps. www.sussex.ac.uk /geography/1-2-4-1-1.html   (161 words)

TEDI conferences: TARDIS Teaching Archaeological Research Discipline In Simulation The heritage integrity of Australian archaeological sites is protected yet novices such as undergraduate students still experience the application of necessary knowledge and skills for professional practice in the field scenario context. The objective was to create archaeological patterning which students who had taken 1st and 2nd year/level Archaeology subjects would recognize and relate to in the field and laboratory. The archaeological scenarios used are diverse and international in flavour, ranging over different continents and different pre/historic periods. www.tedi.uq.edu.au /conferences/teach_conference00/papers/hall-oconnor-etal.html   (161 words)

The Indian History and Culture Society, New Delhi Agrawal strives to integrate technological, archaeological and ecological evidence in the context of the first and second urbanizations. Tandon examines issues related with introduction of iron and first urbanization in Ganga valley, in the light of recent archaeological evidence from Alamgirpur. Soundara Rajan highlights the enigmas of prehistoric research in India in relation to habitational, and behavioural patterns and recommends a systematic methodology. www.indarchaeology.org /puratattva/puratattva_1.htm   (161 words)

Archaeology/Anthropology Field Museum of Natural History"s archaeological materials from the southwestern United States, often referred to as the "Paul S. Martin Collection." While you are visiting the site, browse the other excellent collections at the Field Museum and the temporary exhibits. Included are articles that set the context of early 20th-century anthropology, examples of favorable and critical commentary on Piltdown Man, and pieces setting out the "prosecution" and "defense" of likely hoax suspects... The resources available in the sites below should help teachers think and plan on how they can use the global resources of the Internet to make sure that their charges have access to information about the varieties of cultures -- both past and present (See also the "Diversity" sites from the Main Menu). home.comcast.net /~dboals1/arch.html   (161 words)

CISP - Bibliography Harden, J. (1996) `A potential archaeological context for the Early Christian sculptured stones from Tarbat, Easter Ross', in C. Bourke (ed.) From the Isles of the North: Early Medieval Art in Ireland and Britain, 221--227. Rowlands, H. Mona Antiqua Restaurata: an archaeological discourse of the antiquities of the Isle of Anglesey. Anonymous (1848) `Second annual meeting of the Cambrian Archaeological Association', Archaeologia Cambrensis series, 3: 344--368. www.ucl.ac.uk /archaeology/cisp/database/bibliog/bibbliog.html   (161 words)

Bibliography of Garry Law 2004 (with G J Irwin, I Lawlor and P Ngaropo), “An introduction to Kohika in historical and archaeological context.”, pp1-10, in G J Irwin, editor, 2004: Kohika, The archaeology of a Maori lake village in the Ngati Awa rohe, Bay of Plenty, New Zealand. 2000 "Managing Our Cultural Heritage in Archaeological Sites – A Role for the RMA and Local Government?" Resource Management Law Association Review (Link is to MSWord download) 2004 (with K. Grieg) “Protecting archaeological heritage through public heritage lists” Archaeology in New Zealand 47(2)99-107. www.lawas.co.nz /PAPERS/biblio.htm   (161 words)

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