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Topic: Archbishops of Ohrid

	Macedonia FAQ: The Archbishopric of Ohrid and the Macedonian Orthodox Church
		In the Ottoman state the archbishops of Ohrid, particularly in the 17th and 18th centuries, took on the role of popular leaders in the movement for liberation, carrying on talks, predominantly with Austria, concerning the formation of a state for the captive Christians, primarily the Macedonians.
		In 1767, the financial difficulties of the Archbishopric of Ohrid were used as a pretext and it was discontinued by agreement of the Patriarchate of Constantinople and the Ottoman authorities.
		Cyril and Methodius, St. Clement of Ohrid, one of the founders of Slavonic culture and literacy.
	faq.macedonia.org /religion/ohrid.archbishopric.html (1180 words)

	Orthodox Ohrid Archbishopric - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Orthodox Ohrid Archbishopric was formed in 2002 following a failure in negotiations between the Serbian Orthodox Church and the canonically-unconstitutional and unrecognized Macedonian Orthodox Church (MOC).
		Whereas the Holy Synod of the MOC rejected the so-called Niš agreement, one bishop broke ranks and agreed to form the autonomous church under the tutelage of the Belgrade Patriarchy.
		Metropolitan Jovan (Vranišovski) of Veles-Povardarje and Exarch of Ohrid
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Orthodox_Ohrid_Archbishopric (231 words)

	The Patriarchate of Pec
		Archbishop Nikodim built the temple of St. Dimitrije next to the northern side of the church of Holy Apostles between 1321 and 1324, while Archbishop Danilo II built the churches dedicated to Virgin Odigitrija and St. Nikola on its southern side.
		Archbishop Arsenije I erected on this estate a church dedicated to the Apostles because he wanted the centre of the Serbian Church to be removed to a less exposed place and nearer the centre of the state.
		The archbishops and patriarchs of Pec were buried in the churches of the Patriarchate from the 13th to the 15th centuries, and sometimes even later, until the 17th century.
	www.kosovo.com /epatrijarsija.html (2223 words)

	Ohrid .: macedonia clasp of the world :. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Ohrid is a city in south-western part and also, a leading summer tourist center in the Republic of Macedonia.
		The fact that Ohrid had been an object of desire for many kings, archbishops, speaks for it self, challenging the curious ones to visit it to nowadays.
		It was built by the monarch St. Naum of Ohrid a student of St. Cyril and Methodius and founder of the Ohrid literature school.
	popovashapka.com /macedoniainfo/cities/city_ohrid.htm (1860 words)

	IAAS - Macedonia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Ohrid abounds with a large number of historical and cultural monuments, 365 church and monasteries, lovely beaches, accommodation facilities.
		Ohrid is a city in south-western part and also a leading summer tourist centre of the Republic of Macedonia.
		This church, was originally the synod church of the Ohrid Archbishop, and later converted to a mosque, has preserved in its interior the traces of several time-period: frescoes from the 11th, 12th and 13th century, which represent some of the most significant achievements in the Byzantine painting of that time.
	www.zf.ukim.edu.mk /iaas/Linkovi.htm (3809 words)

	ABOLITION OF OHRID ARCHEPISCOPATE
		The Ohrid Archiepiscopate was the only medieval feudal institution that continued to exist in the time of the Turkish rule.
		During the rule of the Turks, the Archbishops from Ohrid used to travel to the Western European countries and to Russia to advocate for the liberation of the Balkans from the Turks.
		The Ohrid Catholic Archbishopric was established in the middle XVII century, but in reality it never became active since the influence of Catholicism in Ohrid was futile.
	www.ohrid.org.mk /eng/istorija/arhiep.htm (794 words)

	Makedonija - History of the Macedonian Orthodox Church (English)
		The Monk Sava, aware of the animosity between the Nicean King Lascaris and the Despot of Epirus, circumvented the Ohrid Archbishop Homatian and sought autocephality for the Serbian Orthodox Church from the Patriarch of Nicea.
		The participation of the Ohrid Archbishop was seen as a replacement for the Patriarch of Constantinopole, who declined to participate on the crowing ceremony.
		Following the dissolution of Dushan's Kingdom, the jurisdiction of the Ohrid Archbishopric was divided among existing despoties and states such as the Kingdom of Volkashin, which included the seat of the Arch bishopric, Ohrid, the Hlaten despoty, Simeon's Kingdom in Epirus and southern Albania, the Elbansan Duchy, and the despoty of Velbuz.
	users.tpg.com.au /gobrown/fyrom/pravo_e.htm (9861 words)

	Summeruniversity in Skopje, Ohrid, Prespa, Bitola (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Ohrid is famous for its Macedonian traditional architecture and is a real treasury of cultural and historical monuments.
		Ohrid is a town of monasteries and churches.
		We enjoyed the scenery of Ohrid by night, we were singing and dancing and of course, drinking beer.
	www.aegee.tue.nl /su/2005/destinations/SkopjeSC_print.htm (1857 words)

	Katedralnata crkva Sv. Sofija, Ohrid, Republika Makedonija
		When the cleaning and the conservation of the Ohrid cathedral started five decades ago, one of the greatest complexes of frescoes of European and Byzantine art of the 11th century was revealed before the eyes of the public.
		In the 11th century, St. Sophia was a "large church" of the Ohrid archbishopric under whose dioceses, in that time, was the territory from Danube to the Albanian shores and the Thessalonica bay.
		The founder of the frescoes, archbishop Lav (Leon), one of the most educated people in the time, indirectly influenced the choice of the themes and the order of the painted frescoes.
	www.culture.org.mk /eKATSVSOFOH.HTM (1196 words)

	Short History
		The leadeship of the Serbian Orthodox Church was unrelenting towards the re-establishment of the Archbishopric of Ohrid, and towards the organizing of the Macedon ian Church.
		A special delegation of the Assembly enthroned the new Archbishop of Ohrid on the throne of St. Clement, in the church that bears the name of the founder of the Ohrid Archbishopric, the first Slav bishop, spiritual teacher and enlighter.
		The decision for the restoration of the Ohrid Archbishopric that was announced in the cathedral church of St. Sofia in Ohrid, was received with overwhelming delight, expressed in tears of joy, prayers of thanks and frenetic applause.
	m-p-c.org /History/history.htm (13975 words)

	Short History of Russia from Perun to Vladimir the Red Sun
		The Russian Church, according to Priselkov, was one of the parishes of the Ohrid Archbishopric.
		Having in mind that in that period Ohrid Archbishopric concentrated in itself the spiritual life of the Slav people, had high authority in the Christian affairs and demonstrated great influence on the spiritual life of the neighboring Slav people, it is quite understandable why Olga chose to seek help from Ohrid.
		Branko Panov concluded: "The essence of the autocephaly of the Ohrid Archbishopric was in the fact that the Ohrid Archbishop had the right to rule the eparchies in his diocese (in Samuel's time their number was 32, later it was reduced to 25, with a constant tendency to decreasing, - editorial note).
	www.angelfire.com /pro2/politcentr/short-history-of-russia.html (3530 words)

	VirtualTourist.com - marigona's Skopje Travelogue - ohrid
		The cathedral temple of the Ohrid archbishops, the church St. Sophia, is a frescoes gallery from XI century, and her west-facade architecture gives a spirit to exceptional performances of "The Ohrid summer festival".
		The museum, that was established in 1516 as an Archbishopic museum in the church od St. Clement, is mainly housed in the house of the Robev family, an architectural beauty built in 1863.
		The rare clarity of the water in Lake Ohrid whose translucency may reach down to a depth of 22 meters, is due to numerous underwater springs all along the south and the east shores.
	members.virtualtourist.com /m/tt/19ce4 (2441 words)

	WorldNetDaily: 'Neo-Communists' imprison archbishop
		Archbishop Jovan, 39, began serving a two-and-a-half year sentence for "inciting ethnic and religious hatred, discord and intolerance" on July 26, a month after an appeals court upheld a lower court verdict.
		Priests of the Ohrid Archbishopric have accused Macedonian authorities of resorting to brutal methods, initially denying Archbishop Jovan his Bible, stripping him of his cassock and shaving off his beard, which is worn by all Christian Orthodox clergy.
		Archbishop Jovan's troubles with FYROM authorities began when, alone among the bishops, he answered a renewed call by the Serbian patriarch to heal the breach later that summer.
	www.worldnetdaily.com /news/printer-friendly.asp?ARTICLE_ID=45949 (1097 words)

	The Macedonian Church
		The action of appointing a new archbishop to the vacant position was, in fact, initiated by Graecophile colonists from the Ohrid diocese in the Turkish capital.
		Expelling Ananias from Ohrid was the last success achieved by church autonomists in Ohird-by bribing Turkish officials and supporters of the Greek cause among the high clergy of the archbishopric, the patriarchate detached diocese after diocese from it.
		After 800 years Ohrid was abolished both as center of an autocephalous church and as residence of an archbishop, despite the fact that it had occupied that position since the first decades after Christianity had come to the Balkans.
	www.unet.com.mk /mian/church.htm (1787 words)

	ART PAINTING IN OHRID IN THE PERIOD BETWEEN XI AND XIV CENTURY
		The cult of the Slav educators, St. Cyril and Methodius and St. Clement of Ohrid is obvious from the presence of their portraits in the Cathedral St. Sofia.
		The Ohrid archbishops continued their practice of donating icons to the churches in Ohrid after their inauguration.
		This period in Ohrid was marked by the frescoes in the church Sveti Vraci Mali, while 1361 was marked by the construction of the church St. Bogorodica of Zahum and the frescoes in that church.
	www.ohrid.org.mk /eng/istorija/slikarstvo.htm (1658 words)

	Orthodox Ohrid Archbishopric
		The Archbishop John, who is recognized and confirmed by all the local Orthodox Churches, was accused by the schismatics for praying on his private property, for participating in the ordination of orthodox Bishops and for "writing" a theological text, which they found to be offensive on their behalf.
		Archbishop John is the only religious leader sentenced to prison in Europe, and this is only because he prayed on a private property and because he has a different opinion and faith from the sponsored-by-the-state MOC.
		OF THE ARCHBISHOP OF OHRID AND METROPOLITAN OF SKOPJE
	www.poa-info.org /index.php?l=en (8201 words)

	The Modern Macedonian Language
		Also, the fact that a center of Slavic religious and literary activity arose in Ohrid at the end of the ninth century, and the fact that this city became the seat of the patriarchate under Tsar Samuil (976-1014) are significant for medieval 51 cultural history, and especially for the development of the Church Slavonic language.
		The existence of an autonomous ecclesiastical organization in a Macedonian town until 1767, when the Ohrid archbishopric was abolished, gave the entire region a special significance regardless of the historical changes which took place during that long period.
		However, the fact that the Ohrid archbishopric was soon headed exclusively by Greek archbishops, and that Greek was its official language contributed to the spread of Greek cultural and linguistic influence in Macedonia especially during the Turkish period.
	www.mymacedonia.net /language/modern.htm (658 words)

	Galerija na ikoni, Ohrid, Republika Makedonija
		The numerous icon paintings have substantial place in the cultural heritage of medieval Ohrid, the cradle of the Slavic literacy and culture and the center of the autocephalous Ohrid patriarchy.
		The development of the Ohrid icon painting is observed simultaneously with the fresco-painting in the Ohrid medieval monuments.
		The eldest icon from this collection "The forty martyrs of Sebaste" originates from the 11th century, and its closest parallels are the frescos in the altar of the cathedral St. Sofia, with the same theme.
	www.culture.org.mk /eGALIKOOH.HTM (590 words)

	Serbian Church in History
		It is from this period of life that many a story and legend about him came into existence, depicting him as the illuminator and the teacher of the Serbian nation as a whole, a miracle-worker, and deliverer of the sick, the poor and the destitute.
		Council was attended by the Bulgarian Patriarch Simeon, Archbishop of Ohrid Nicholas, abbots and elders of the Holy Mountain, as well as those Greek bishops and metropolitans whose dioceses were included in the newly enlarged Serbian state.
		Archbishop Prohor (1525, 1528, Prochorus) was, as far as this matter was concerned, one of the most energetic among Ohrid prelates.
	www.kosovo.com /socheng2.html (13823 words)

	Macedonian Church
		The religious service in his bishopric was, of course, held in the language of the Macedonian Slavs, and Ohrid became an educational, literary and a church center.
		The success of the komitopulis' uprising and the wresting of Macedonia away from Byzantine rule (the Bulgarian Empire had fallen in the meantime) demanded that ecclesiastical authority be independent of Byzantine authority and lie close to the secular authority of Samuil, both geographically and ideologically.
		The first archbishop of the Archbishopric of Ohrid was Philip, who retained this position from its foundation until the murder of Gavril Radomir in 1015.
	www.macedonians.co.uk /church/MacChurch.htm (767 words)

	[No title]
		The quarrels between the 2 brothers are fomented by the Bavarians count Aribo (see also 882) and his son Isanrich (son-in-law of king Arnulf of Carinthia), who were often seen at the central court of Great Moraviaâs rulers.
		The reason for popeâs hesitation has been that Pannonia was already under the control of the archbishop of Salzburg, the bishop of Passau (Wiener Wald), the Aquileian patriarch (between the Drave and the Sava rivers) and partly the Bulgarians (they have conquered Sirmium in 827/828).
		Wiching is subsequently consecrated as the bishop of Nitra, who is subordinate to the archbishop Methodius.
	www.angelfire.com /sk3/quality/Slav_states.html (12359 words)

	Serbian Church in History
		Possibly feeling that he would not return alive form this journey, he abdicated his archbishop’s throne at the occasion of the Church council in 1233 and appointed Arsenius of Srem (+1266) to be his successor.
		During that period twelve consecutive archbishops occupied the throne of Saint Sava and each of them headed the Church during the reign of some of the most famous kings of Nemanjic (Nemanyich) Dynasty.
		All archbishops heading the Serbian Church were experienced spiritual fathers and monks who were previously abbots either at Hilandar or at Studenica monasteries.
	www.orthodoxresearchinstitute.org /articles/church_history/popovic_serbian_church.htm (14864 words)

	Diocese of Western America \| History
		The consecration of St. Sava as autocephalous Archbishop of Serbia in 1219, even more strengthened various Serbian principalities in their ecclesia- stical allegiance to Constantinople and Christian East.
		Later, as the medieval kingdom of Serbia grew in size and prestige and Stefan Dusan, king of Serbia from 1331, assumed the imperial title of tsar in 1346 to 1355, the Archbishopric of Pec was correspondingly raised to the rank of Patriarchate.
		The seat of the archbishops was moved from Pec to Karlovci.
	www.westsrbdio.org /history (675 words)

	Bulgarian Community - National Capital Region (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Ivan- Assen's rule /1218 -1241/, the Ohrid Bulgarian Archdiocese was under the influence of the
		The Ohrid diocese was submitted to the Mitropolit of Dratch.
		During the Turkish domination the situation of the Archbishopric of Ohrid and its influence in the
	bg-ottawa.ncf.ca /old/OhridaArchbishopry.html (478 words)

	The Oldest Surviving Icons From the 11th and 12th Centuries
		Sophia, the cathedral church of Ohrid archbishops, was built on a very old Early Christian sacred site, probably in the reign of Czar Samuil, when efforts were being made to stabilize his Patriarchate.
		This Archbishop Leo Mungo (1108-20), who is mentioned in records as being a Christianized Jew who succeeded to the throne of Ohrid archbishops after his missionary assignment among the gentiles and who for that reason was known as “the teacher of the gentiles”.
		If Archbishop Theodule, with the help of the eminent Ivan Ando, facilitated the building of this church dedicated to the Holy Mother of God, it is possible that in decorating his church he commissioned a composition of the Annunciation on two panels, the two icons which could be considered to be the richest possible variant.
	www.soros.org.mk /konkurs/019/eng/txt05_1.htm (1919 words)

	13th Century Icons
		The tradition of the Ohrid archbishops of presenting gifts to Ohrid churches on ascending the throne, or, later, continued.
		His portrait was later to be found together with that of St. Clement of Ohrid in the church of the Mother of God Peribleptos, as well as on the walls of the churches of St. John the Divine at Kaneo and The Physician Sinats Cosmas and Damian in Ohrid.
		This was Archbishop Hadrian, of whom it is said that he was well-known for his polemical writings against the Latins.
	www.soros.org.mk /konkurs/019/eng/txt06_1.htm (2594 words)

	P. Petrov, H. Temelski - Cyrkva i cyrkoven zhivot v Makedonija - Summary (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		The first stage started in 1824 and continued until the Crimean War (1853-1856) as a movement for rejecting the Greek language as a part of the religious service and for introducing Bulgarian instead; the second stage was harder and longer, and concerned the expelling of bishops of the Greek Patriarchate from Bulgarian dioceses.
		At the Second Clerical Congress on October 4-6, 1958 in Ohrid, a decision was taken for the restoration of the ancient Ochrida Archbishopric, and it was decided that it would be called Macedonian Orthodox Church.
		Right after that a Macedonian bishop was elected, who was to be the head of the Macedonian Orthodox Church, and he received the title of “Archbishop of Ohrid and Skopje and Bishop of Macedonia”.
	www.kroraina.com /knigi/pp_ht/pp_ht_summary.html (2609 words)

	News and events
		The Ohrid Archdiocese, as a Church from this area, is founded on a yet older Church from the sixth century, and this is the Church Justiniana Prima, at the time the third by honor among the Churches, after
		It is exactly this that proves they had not known the Ohrid See as their own church center, but they know well even now that it, with the Ohrid University, is their spiritual and cultural centerâ”from here all up to Russiaâ”and the source of their ecclesiastical, not to say even state identity.
		Of this further on speaks also the fact that he is falsely representing himself in the public with the title âArchbishop of Ohridâ, a part of the title borne by the Head of the Macedonian Orthodox Church.
	www.mpc.org.mk /English/news2.asp?id=976 (4555 words)

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