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Topic: Archduke Maximilian of Austria

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	Maximilian I of Mexico - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Maximilian was born in Schönbrunn, Vienna, Austria, the second son of Archduke Franz Karl of Austria and his wife Sophie Friederike Dorothee Wilhelmine Prinzessin von Bayern.
		Maximilian was born as His Imperial Highness Ferdinand Maximilian Joseph, Archduke of Austria, Prince of Hungary and Bohemia.
		Maximilian landed at Veracruz on May 28, 1864; but from the very outset he found himself involved in serious difficulties since the Mexican liberals, led by President Benito Juárez, refused to recognize his rule and there was continuous warfare between his French troops and the Mexican republicans.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Archduke_Maximilian_of_Austria (965 words)

	Encyclopedia: Franz Ferdinand, Archduke of Austria (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		1914) was born in Graz [graːts] (Slovenian: Gradec), with a population of 305,000 (council census 2000) is the second-largest city in Austria and the capital of the province of Styria (Steiermark in German).
		Habsburg Archduke of The Republic of Austria (German: Republik Österreich) is a landlocked country in Central Europe.
		In fact, the Archduke was one of the leading advocates of maintaining the peace within the Austro-Hungarian government during both the Bosnian Crisis of 1908-1909 and the Balkan Wars Crises of 1912-1913.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Franz-Ferdinand,-Archduke-of-Austria (3858 words)

	Maximilian Visit New Advent For The Summa Theologica, Church Fathers, Catholic Encyclopedia And More. >
		The second son of Archduke Franz Karl and the Archduchess Sophie of Austria was born in the palace of Schönbrunn in Vienna on the 6th July, 1832.
		Maximilian Mary Kolbe (1894-1941) was born at Pabiance, in Russian Occupied Poland and agnostic of Jewish lineage, St. Maximilian was moved by divine grace to found a pious.
		Maximilian was born Raymond Kolbe in Poland, January 8, 1894 Father Maximilian returned to Poland in 1919 and began spreading his Militia of the Immaculata movement.
	www.99hosted.com /names19629.html (485 words)

	Descendants of Archduke Franz Karl of Austria (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		1.4.5.4.1.Archduke Matthias of Austria (1971), m.1st 1996 (1998) Sabine Binder (1973), m.2nd 1999 Eva Anderle (*1968)
		3.Archduke Karl Ludwig of Austria (1833-1896), m.1st 1856 Princess Margarethe of Saxony (1840-1858), m.2nd 1862 Princess Maria Annunciata of Bourbon-Sicily (1843-1871), m.3rd 1873 Infanta Maria Theresa of Portugal (1855-1944)
		3.2.1.4.2.Archduke Carl Philipp of Austria (1954), m.1st 1994 (div 1997) Martina Donath (1955), m.2nd 1998 Annie-Claire Lacrambe (*1959)
	www.angelfire.com /in/heinbruins/FraKa.html (4425 words)

	Maximilian III of Austria - Information (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Archduke Maximilian III of Austria, also known as Maximilian der Deutschmeister (born October 12, 1558 in Wiener Neustadt; died November 2, 1618 in Vienna) was the third son of Emperor Maximilian II.
		When Maximilian attempted to resolve the dispute by bringing a military force and starting the war of Polish succession, he was defeated at the Battle of Byczyna by the supporters of Sigismund, under the command of Polish hetman Jan Zamojski.
		He most known legacy is the baroque Archduke's Hat, which is exhibited in the treasure chamber of the monastery of Klosterneuburg and was used for ceremonial purposes as late as 1835.
	www.logicjungle.com /wiki/Maximilian_III_of_Austria (332 words)

	archduke - Hutchinson encyclopedia article about archduke
		Monsieur the Archduke has more than once sought his
		Art thou, perchance, tramping barefoot over the Riphaean mountains, instead of being seated on a bench like an archduke on the tranquil stream of this pleasant river, from which in a short space we shall come out upon the broad sea?
		Archduke Ferdinand Karl Anton Joseph Johann Stanislaus of Austria-Este
	encyclopedia.farlex.com /archduke (160 words)

	Archduke_Franz_Karl_of_Austria (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		'''Archduke Franz Karl Joseph of Austria''' (7 December 1802 – 8 March 1878) was father of two emperors and the grandfather of Franz Ferdinand, Archduke of Austria, whose shooting was the occasion of the start of World War I.
		He was born in Vienna, the second son of Emperor Franz I of Austria (1768-1835) and his wife Maria Theresa of the Two Sicilies (1772-1807).
		On 4 November 1824 in Vienna he married Sophie Friederike Dorothee Wilhelmine Prinzessin von Bayern, the daughter of Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria (1756-1825) and his 2nd wife Friederike Karoline Wilhelmine Margravine von Baden (1776-1841).
	goc.subdomain.de /Franz_Karl%2C_Archduke_of_Austria (126 words)

	Duke of Burgundy - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In the same year, Mary married Archduke Maximilian of Austria, giving the Habsburgs control of the remainder of the Burgundian inheritance.
		Although the Duchy of Burgundy itself remained in the hands of France, the Habsburgs remained in control of the other Burgundian inheritance, notably the Low Countries, and often used the term Burgundy to refer to it (Burgundian Circle), until the late 18th century, when the Austrian Low Countries was lost to French Republic.
		Maximilian I 1477-1482 (with his wife; regent 1482-1494)
	www.wikipedia.org /wiki/Duke_of_Burgundy (281 words)

	Sigismund_of_Austria (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		'''Sigismund of Austria''' (October 26, 1427 in Innsbruck – March 4, 1496 ''ibid'') was a Habsburg archduke of Austria and regent of Tirol from 1446 to 1490.
		In 1446, his regency over Tirol and Further Austria ''Vorder�sterreich'', which included the Sundgau in the Alsace, the Breisgau, and some possessions in Swabia, began.
		A war with Venice, which he began in 1487, ended in a standoff, but in 1490 the opposition of the population of Tirol forced him to hand over the regency to Archduke Maximilian I, who later became Holy Roman Emperor.
	copernicus.subdomain.de /Sigismund_of_Austria (280 words)

	RootsWeb's WorldConnect Project: Bowie, Costello, Cox, Engels, Gundlach, Herr, Meyer, Rick, Ryan, Schumacher, Wagner*
		Archduke (Erzherzog) Albrecht of Austria b: 19 Dec 1773 in Florence, Firenze, Italy
		Archduke (Erzherzog) Maximilian of Austria b: 23 Dec 1774 in Florence, Firenze, Italy
		Archduke (Erzherzog) Ludwig of Austria b: 13 Dec 1784 in Florence, Firenze, Italy
	worldconnect.rootsweb.com /cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=sueream&id=I8616 (408 words)

	Mary of Burgundy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Such was the hatred of the people to the old regime that two influential councillors of Charles the Bold, the ChancellorHugonet and the Sire d'Humbercourt, having been discovered in correspondence with the French king, were executed at Ghent despite the tears and entreaties of the youthful duchess.
		Mary now made her choice amongthe many suitors for her hand, and selected the archduke Maximilian of Austria, afterwards the emperor Maximilian I, and the marriage took placeat Ghent on August 18, 1477.
		Affairs now went more smoothly in the Netherlands, the French aggression was checked, andinternal peace was in a large measure restored, when the duchess met her death by a fall from her horse on March 27 1482.
	www.therfcc.org /mary-of-burgundy-161684.html (354 words)

	RootsWeb's WorldConnect Project: Bowie, Costello, Cox, Engels, Gundlach, Herr, Meyer, Rick, Ryan, Schumacher, Wagner*
		Marriage 1 Archduke (Erzherzog) Karl II of Austria b: 3 Jun 1540 in Vienna, Austria
		Archduke (Erzherzog) Maximilian of Austria b: 17 Nov 1583
		Archduke (Erzherzog) Leopold V of Tirol b: 9 Sep 1586
	worldconnect.rootsweb.com /cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=sueream&id=I20177 (303 words)

	AllRefer.com - Carlotta (Mexican History, Biography) - Encyclopedia
		She married (1857) Maximilian, archduke of Austria and accompanied him when he went to Mexico as emperor (1864).
		After Napoleon III decided to withdraw the French troops from Mexico and the fate of the empire became apparent, she went to Europe (1866) and sought the aid of Napoleon III and the pope.
		The Mexican empire ended with the execution of Maximilian in 1867, but the unhappy empress survived him by 60 years.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/C/Carlotta.html (222 words)

	New Page 3 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		t was in 1477 when Archduke Maximilian of Austria gave a diamond ring to Mary of Burgundy (pictured below), that the tradition of a diamond engagement ring was born.
		The tradition of wearing these rings on the third finger of a womans left hand dates back to the early Egyptian belief that the vena amoris (vein of love) ran directly from the heart to the top of this finger.
		During the reign of Elizibeth I, diamond rings were often called "scribbling rings" because it became fashionable to use them to engrave love messages on window panes.
	www.blowers-jewellers-diamonds.co.uk /singlestones.htm (96 words)

	Diamond Directory-Conflict Diamond
		For this reason, it is customary to give a diamond ring as a present in an engagement.
		The custom of giving a diamond ring for engagements started in the XV century, when the Archduke Maximilian of Austria gave the first diamond ring engagement to Maria of Mary of Burgundy in 1477.
		Throughout much of history, diamonds were mined from the sand and gravel surrounding rivers.
	www.diamond-directory.net /index.html (282 words)

	BURGUNDY - Online Information article about BURGUNDY
		Maximilian in exchange for the concession of the royal title.
		Ghent (secretly fomented by Louis), decided to marry the archduke Maximilian of Austria, to whom she had already been promised (See also:
		dowry of the little Margaret of Burgundy, daughter of Mary and Maximilian, who was promised in marriage to the dauphin.
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /BUN_CAL/BURGUNDY.html (3197 words)

	Mexico (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		In July 1862, the thought of facing the Union navy without British assistance again caused Napoleon to turn down the Confederacy's offer to support his Mexican enterprise in exchange for formal recognition and naval aid in breaking the Union blockade of Southern ports.
		Abraham Lincoln could do little but watch as the French armies captured Mexico City, and Louis Napoleon had Archduke Maximilian of Austria crowned emperor of Mexico.
		In an effort to show his displeasure with French meddling in the Western Hemisphere, Lincoln diverted some of his soldiers from strategic areas to present an impotent show of force along the Mexican border, an area of military insignificance in the war against the Southern states.
	civilwar.bluegrass.net /ForeignInfluences/mexico.html (326 words)

	Wedding and Engagement Jewelry (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		For millions of people around the world, words alone cannot express the mystery, magic, beauty, and romance radiating from a simple diamond solitaire ring.
		It wasn't until 1477 when Archduke Maximilian of Austria gave a diamond ring to Mary of Burgundy, that the diamond engagement ring was introduced.
		Placing the diamond ring on the third finger of the left hand dates back to the early Egyptian belief that the Vena Amors, vein of love, runs directly from the heart to the tip of the third finger.
	www.servicemerchandise.com /yhst-5194590550830/weddingandengagementjewelry.html (105 words)

	engagement ring designers online
		It was a widespread belief in those days that a vein known as the vena amoris (or love vein) ran directly from the third finger of the left hand straight to the heart and hence the reason why the ring is worn on that finger.
		In 1477 Archduke Maximilian of Austria proposed marriage to Mary of Burgundy by presenting her with a diamond ring, and the diamond engagement ring tradition was born.
		But it wasn't until the late 19 th century when diamond mines were discovered on the African continent that this precious stone became available to a wider market.
	www.engagment-rings-guide.com /engagement_ring_designers.htm (305 words)

	Vintage Engagement Rings - useful engagement rings guide (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Medieval wedding rings were often set with colored gemstones, because of the symbolism of the colors.
		The first known recorded account of a diamond betrothal ring is from 1477 - it was presented by Archduke Maximilian of Austria to his beloved Mary of Burgundy.
		The smallest betrothal ring on record was given to two year old Princess Mary, daughter of Henry VIII, on the event of her engagement to the infant Dauphin of France, son of King Francis I, in 1518.
	www.chongnoble.com /engagement-rings/vintage-engagement-rings.html (222 words)

	Diamond.com - Learning Center (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Diamonds can, in fact, be from 1 to 3 billion years old--more than two-thirds the age of the earth itself.
		In 1477 AD, Archduke Maximilian of Austria presented a diamond ring to Mary of Burgundy as a sign of their engagement.
		He put it on the third finger of her left hand, the finger believed by ancient Egyptians to have a vein that led directly to the heart.
	www.diamond.com /learncenter.asp?Sn=419671255&Fn=aboutdiamonds.htm (144 words)

	Cinco De Mayo '02
		There were various political take-overs, the Mex-Am.War of 1846-48 and then a Civil War in 1858, the economy was a mess and debt to other nations was rising.
		Then France took advantage of monies owed them, to stick Archduke Maximilian of Austria in as the Mexican ruler (he was a relative of Napoleon's).
		Meanwhile General Ignacio Zaragoza Seguin and his militia of about 4,500 soldiers stopped the progress and actually defeated the invading 6,500 soldiers of the French Army under Maximilian...
	www.denelder.com /2002/cinco-mayo02.html (389 words)

	MATHEW BRADY GALLERY, NY - Maximilian, Emperor of Mexico (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Assured a French army, and believing that his appointment had a popular base, the idealistic young aristocrat and his wife, Carlota, were crowned in Mexico City on June 10, 1864.
		Almost immediately, Maximilian's policies antagonized his backers, as he upheld Benito Juarez's land reforms, educated the Indians and the poor, and encouraged Confederates to immigrate to Mexico.
		Two months later, Maximilian was court-martialed, condemned to death, and executed.
	www.npg.si.edu /exh/brady/gallery/04gal.html (201 words)

	Origin Of Holidays - The History of Cinqo De Mayo
		Mexico stopped making any payment and France decided to use the debt issue to establish its own leadership in Mexico by appointing Archduke Maximilian of Austria as ruler of Mexico.
		While the victory was a memorable one for the patriots, it was short lived.
		A year later, the French were eventually able to depose the Mexican army, take over Mexico City and install Maximilian as ruler as planned.
	www.information-entertainment.com /Holidays/cinqo.html (197 words)

	Diamonds Rings, Engagement Diamond Rings from Dial-A-Diamond a division of Empire Diamond Corporation. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		For millions around the world that fire, the mystery and magic, the beauty and romance shining out from a simple solitaire says all that the heart feels but words can't express.
		However, it wasn't until 1477, when Archduke Maximilian of Austria gave a diamond ring to Mary of Burgundy, that the tradition of diamond engagement rings was born.
		The reason a woman wears it on the third finger of her left hand dates back to the early Egyptian belief that the vena amoris (vein of love) ran directly from the heart to the top of the third finger, left hand.
	www.dialadiamond.com /diamonds/love.html (320 words)

	Dance for Power (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		France was eager to add to its empire at that time, and when Mexico finally stopped making loan payments, France used the debt issue to establish its own leadership in Mexico by installing Napoleon's relative, Archduke Maximilian of Austria, as ruler of Mexico.
		Upon hearing the bad news, Napoleon had found an excuse to send more troops overseas to try and invade Mexico again, against the wishes of the French populace.
		Maximilian's rule of Mexico was also short lived, from 1864 to 1867, ending as the U.S. began to provide more political and military assistance to Mexico to expel the French.
	www.danceforpower.org /history.html (505 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Bartolommeo Pacca
		He was consecrated titular Archbishop of Damiata and arrived at Cologne in June, 1786.
		The Archbishop of Cologne, Archduke Maximilian of Austria, who had written a courteous letter to Pacca at Rome, told him he would not be recognized unless he formally promised not to exercise any act of jurisdiction in the archdiocese.
		The same attitude was taken by the Archbishops of Trier and Mainz.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/11380b.htm (1292 words)

	St. Augustine's Wedding Guide -- staugustine.com
		The most popular stones were symbolic: a red ruby was the color of the heart, a blue sapphire reflected the heavens.
		You can blame the engagement ring on Archduke Maximilian of Austria, who started the engagement ring trend in 1477 when he presented one to his beloved, Mary of Burgundy.
		And the tradition of wearing the engagement ring and wedding band on the fourth finger of the left hand can be traced to the Egyptians, who believed the vena amoris (vein of love) ran directly from the heart to the tip of this finger.
	www.staugustine.com /weddings/rings.shtml (287 words)

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