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	Crown Prince Rudolf of Austria - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Crown Prince Rudolf of Austro-Hungary (21 August 1858 30 January 1889) was the son and heir of Emperor Franz Josef I of Austria and Elisabeth of Austria.
		Rudolf appeared to be genuinely in love, but his mother regarded her new daughter-in-law as a "clumsy oaf." By the time their only child, the Archduchess Elisabeth, was born on September 2, 1883, the couple had drifted apart, and he found solace in drink and female companionship.
		The new heir presumptive to the Austrian, Bohemian and Hungarian thrones was Archduke Karl Ludwig, eldest surviving brother of the emperor.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Crown_Prince_Rudolf_of_Austria (1140 words)

	Royal Family of Europe - pafg20 - Generated by Personal Ancestral File
		Karl Ferdinand, Archduke Of AUSTRIA was born on 29 Jul 1818 in Wien, Wien, Austria.
		Albrecht Friedrich Rudolph, Archduke Of AUSTRIA was born on 3 Aug 1817 in Wien, Wien, Austria.
		Rudolf Franz, Archduke Of AUSTRIA was born on 25 Sep 1822 in Wien, Wien, Austria.
	www.ishipress.com /royalfam/pafg20.htm (1305 words)

	Highbeam Encyclopedia - Search Results for Archduke
		Rudolf RUDOLF [Rudolf] 1858-89, Austrian archduke, crown prince of Austria and Hungary; only son of Emperor Francis Joseph and Empress Elizabeth.
		Hapsburg, Otto von HAPSBURG, OTTO VON [Hapsburg, Otto von] 1912-, Austrian archduke and former pretender to the Austro-Hungarian throne, son of Emperor Charles I and Empress Zita.
		Philip I PHILIP I [Philip I] (Philip the Handsome), 1478-1506, Spanish king of Castile (1506), archduke of Austria, titular duke of Burgundy, son of Holy Roman Emperor Maximilian I and Mary of Burgundy.
	www.encyclopedia.com /searchpool.asp?target=Archduke (771 words)

	European royalty Austria: Crown Prince Rudolf
		Rudolf and the other children were undobtedly affected by the growing gulf between their mother and grand mother, the Arch-Duchess Sophia.
		Rudolf subsequently became ardently enamored of a beautiful young lady in the court, the Baroness Marie Vetsera, spawning one of the most notorious love affairs of the 19th century.
		Rudolf was a sick and depressed young man in an uncertain postion, a loveless marriage, wanted love from a distant mother, and felt afraid and unworthy of his father.
	histclo.com /royal/ost/royal-ausrud.htm (2368 words)

	TABLE OF CONTENTS
		Rudolf renounces to Matthias Hungary, Austria and Moravia.
		Archduke Charles died in 1590 ; but till 1596 his widow Maria, Albert of Bavaria's sister, acted as regent for her son Ferdinand, while he was pursuing his studies with the Jesuits at Ingolstadt.
		In 1598 Archduke Leopold, hitherto Coadjutor of Passau, succeeded (in the twelfth year of his age) as Bishop ; and Pope Clement VIII was able to withdraw from the diocese, which comprised the greater part of Austria, the concession of the Cup made by Pius IV a generation earlier.
	www.uni-mannheim.de /mateo/camenaref/cmh/cmh321.html (16236 words)

	The Mayerling Tragedy quiz -- free game (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Rudolf had written to the Pope asking for a dispensation to end his marriage.
		Rudolf did not ask Mary Vetsera to join him in the death pact and tried to dissuade her from doing so.
		Rudolf had written farewell notes to the members of his immediate family, with one significant exception.
	www.funtrivia.com /playquiz.cfm?qid=179560 (653 words)

	The Ghosts of Mayerling: The death of Crown Prince Rudolf of Austria-Hungary (1858-1889) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Rudolf and his mistress Baroness Marie Vetsera were found dead at the Crown Prince's hunting lodge, Mayerling.
		Archduke Karl in fact was the sixth heir-presumptive to Franz Joseph throne.
		Rudolf, Zita believed, refused to partake in the conspiracy and was killed to secure his silence.
	www.eurohistory.com /mayerling.html (1254 words)

	boys clothing : European royalty Austria - -Franz Ferdinand
		Shortly after the Archduke swore his assesnt to the morganatic marriage, in the chapel of the Reichstadt Castle in Bohemia, his marriage with Countess Sophia was solemnized.
		The Archduke held the rank of Admiral and was appointed the Emperor's deputy as Commander-in-Chief of the armed forces.
		It was a known fact that the Archduke had frequent conferences with the leaders of the national minorities in the Budapest Parliament such as the Slovak, Hodza, and the Rumanians, Vajda Vojvod and Julius Maniu.
	histclo.com /royal/ost/royal-ausff.htm (2951 words)

	Empress Elizabeth "Sisi" of Austria
		She did insist that the children accompany her and Franz Joseph on a state visit to Hungary in 1857, during which they became ill and little Sophie died--a misfortune which became used as proof that the young Empress was unfit to be a mother.
		One of the men responsible for Rudolf's education came to her begging for her assistance; he feared that the sadistic military training of the precocious but delicate boy--at the Emperor's orders--was endangering his life.
		Despite the startling similarity in their views on politics, literature, religion, etc, Elisabeth and Rudolf were far from close; indeed, after the ultimatum insisting on her being in charge of his upbringing, the Empress showed no interest whatsoever in her only son.
	www.fortunecity.com /campus/duke/550/Eliz.html (1572 words)

	Things to do in Vienna - City Secrets - Vienna Travel Information (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		The heir was Archduke Rudolf, 30-year-old son of Emperor Franz Josef, husband of Stephanie of Coburg, and something of a liberal who was fond of drinking and womanising.
		Rudolfs marriage was little more than a public facade by the time he met 17-year-old Baroness Marie Vetsera in the autumn of 1888.
		It was only much later that Rudolfs suicide letter to his wife was published in her memoirs, in which he talked of going calmly to his death.
	www.thingstodo-vienna.com /brochure/content.jsp?FIELD=City_Secrets (1351 words)

	Hapsburgs
		Archduke of Austria-Tyrol, Bischof of Passau and Strassburg, son of Archduke Karl II of Inner Austria and Maria of Bavaria
		Rudolf's claim to the imperial crown was contested by Alfonso X of Castile and Ottokar II of Bohemia.
		Rudolf's ability to rule was impaired by frequent fits of insanity and by a passionate interest in science, to which he devoted most of his time.
	www.geocities.com /historyofaustria/habsburgs.html (6790 words)

	Crown Prince Rudolf History
		In contrast to the traditional education of an archduke, Rudolf 's course of studies was rather liberal and middle-class.
		Rudolf appeared to be genuinely in love, but his mother regarded her new daughter-in-law as a "clumsy oaf"!
		Rudolf was officially declared to have acted in a state of "mental unbalance" in order to enable a church burial in the vault of his ancestors.
	www.austrian-mint.com /e/rudolfhist.html (1002 words)

	Rudolf II (1552-1612) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		The eldest surviving son of the emperor Maximilian II and Maria, who was the daughter of the emperor Charles V, Rudolf was crowned king of Hungary in 1572 (as Rudolf) and of Bohemia in 1575 (as Rudolf II).
		In Austria Rudolf reversed Maximilian II's tolerant religious policy and sought to limit the political privileges of the Protestant Estates (the nobles and representatives of the towns).
		The emperor's mental instability grew worse after 1598, and in 1605 the Habsburg archdukes, long dissatisfied with his political incompetence, compelled him to entrust the conduct of Hungarian affairs to his brother Matthias.
	www.hfac.uh.edu /gbrown/philosophers/leibniz/BritannicaPages/EmperorRudlof-II/EmperorRudolf-II.html (245 words)

	History of Austria
		Archduke Rudolf IV proclaimed the indivisibility of Habsburg hereditary possessions, which corresponded roughly to the modern republic of Austria.
		Rudolf was shrewd enough to abstain from attempting forcibly to increase his constitutional powers, and contented himself with preserving such domains and rights as were still left to the crown.
		Maximilian II Rudolf II Rudolf II, Holy Roman emperor (1576-1612), king of Hungary (1572-1608), and king of Bohemia (1575-1611), born in Vienna, the son and successor of Emperor Maximilian II.
	www.geocities.com /historyofaustria/history.html (20221 words)

	Austro-Hungary
		University of Vienna founded by Duke Rudolf IV Maximillian elected Holy Roman Emperor as Maximillian I. Philip, son of Emperor Maximillian I, marries Joanna of Castille, heiress to Spain.
		Archduke Rudolf, heir to the throne, commits suicide at Mayerling.
		Archduke Franz Ferdinand, heir to Habsburg throne, assassinated at Sarajevo by Bosnian student.
	dspace.dial.pipex.com /town/parade/abj76/PG/pieces/rise_and_fall_of_the_austro.shtml (713 words)

	Archduke Franz Ferdinand
		When the archduke was told they were badly injured in hospital, he insisted on being taken to see them.
		A member of the archduke's staff, Baron Morsey, suggested this might be dangerous, but Oskar Potiorek, who was responsible for the safety of the royal party, replied, "Do you think Sarajevo is full of assassins?" However, Potiorek did accept it would be better if Duchess Sophie remained behind in the City Hall.
		The Archduke Francis Ferdinand of Austria, nephew of the aged Emperor and heir to the throne, was assassinated in the streets of Sarajevo, the Bosnian capital, yesterday afternoon.
	www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk /FWWarchduke.htm (1905 words)

	Worldroots.com
		Archduke Carl of Austria *1961with spouse Francesca in 2003
		(dghtr of Rudolf, Archduke of Austria and Anna Gabriele, Fuerstin von Wrede)
		(dghtr of Archduke Felix of Austria and Princess and Duchess Anna Eugenie d'Arenberg - spouse of Freiherr Wolfgang von Erffa)
	worldroots.com /brigitte/royal/habs-k.htm (515 words)

	Emperor Franz Josef (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Franz Josef was the eldest son of Archduke Franz Karl (Francis Charles), who was brother and heir of Austrian Emperor Ferdinand I. Because his father renounced his right to the throne, Franz Josef became emperor when Ferdinand abdicated near the end of the revolution of 1848.
		They had one son, Rudolf, and three daughters.) As the dual monarch, Franz Josef planned to grant some form of self-government to the Austrian Slavs, but the German and Magyar elites who actually controlled the empire opposed any sharing of power.
		In 1889 his only son and heir to the throne, Archduke Rudolf, committed suicide; Franz Josef's second younger brother, Karl Ludwig, had died in 1896 from illness due to bad water he drank while on a holy lands pilgrimage; in 1898 Elizabeth was assassinated by an Italian anarchist.
	www.lib.byu.edu /~rdh/wwi/bio/f/frnzjosf.html (536 words)

	Justo Armas
		According to this theory, Crown Prince Rudolf was not murdered at Mayerling but was given the chance to save his life by leaving Europe forever and adopting a different identity.
		The Archduke, who no longer made use of his titles of nobility and now, known as 'Justo Armas,' fell in love with Doña Amelie Arthés de Lardé, and the first and only male child of the Archduke was born.
		It is understandable that Enrique Lardé believed without reservation all of his mother's end-of-life confession, and there is no apparent reason to doubt that Justo Armas had been her lover and was the father of at least this one of her children.
	www.math.dartmouth.edu /~lamperti/Justo_Armas.html (2757 words)

	FRANCIS FERDINAND, ARCHDUKE OF AUSTRIA-ESTE (1863 - 1914)
		FRANCIS FERDINAND, ARCHDUKE OF AUSTRIA-ESTE (1863 - 1914)
		Franz Ferdinand was the Austrian archduke whose assassination was the immediate cause of World War I. Francis Ferdinand was the eldest son of the archduke Charles Louis, who was the brother of the emperor Francis Joseph.
		The death of the heir apparent, the archduke Rudolf, in 1889, made Francis Ferdinand next in succession to the Austro-Hungarian throne after his father, who died in 1896.
	www.canakkale.gen.tr /eng/portraits/p23.html (307 words)

	HRH PRINCESS MARIA - The Royal House of Bourbon - Two Sicilies
		She met her future husband, Archduke Simeon, in Sevilla and they were married on 13th July 1996 at “La Toledana” (province of Ciudad Real), her family’s estate.
		Archduke Simeon was born in Katana (Congo) on 29th June 1958, the son of Archduke Rudolf (5th son of the Blessed Emperor Carl I of Austria) by the late Countess Xenia Tschernyschev-Besobrasow.
		Archduke Simeon began his business career at Brown Brothers Harriman and Co in New York, the oldest and largest private bank in the USA, and seven years joined Principal Asset Management in Vaduz, Liechtenstein, as a managing partner.
	www.borbone-due-sicilie.org /english/princessmaria.html (352 words)

	Paradox Interactive Forums - Encyclopedia wAARspite : The Habsburg Dynasty and Austria
		The Habsburgs were given title of Archduke of Austria and the titles of lands Tirol, Styria, Istria, Milan and Mantua also became a part of Archducal Austria.
		Archduke Ladislas mother rescinded the claim of Emperor and her regent signed a treaty with the Papacy promising no further advances on Italian city-states so long as they made no further advances on Austria.
		Archduke Friedrich made proclamations to the Pope and Germans for peace in the future, it would help make Friedrich a favorite among the Germans as the years continued in peace.
	www.europa-universalis.com /forum/showthread.php?s=&threadid=122926 (4972 words)

	Royal News 2002, Section I (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Archduke Alexander of Austria[-Tuscany] (b.1959, son of the late Archduke Friedrich Salvator of Austria and of his wife, née Margarete Gfn Kálnoky von Köröspatak) and his wife, née Marie Gabriele Gräfin von Waldstein, had their third child and first son, Archduke Constantin Salvator Maria Raphael Alexander, at Amstetten, on 4 January.
		Archduke Ferdinand of Austria (third child and second son of Archduke Heinrich of Austria and of Ludmilla Gfn von Galen) and his wife Katharina Gfn v.Hardenberg had their first child, a son, Jakob-Maximilian, on 22 January.
		Archduke Georg of Austria (second son of Archduke Otto and of his wife Regina, Princess of Saxe-Meiningen) and his wife Eilika, Duchess of Oldenburg, had their second child, Ildiko Maria Walburga, in Budapest on 6 June.
	pages.prodigy.net /ptheroff/2002_1.html (4366 words)

	Guardian Unlimited \| Special reports \| The Assassination of the Austrian Heir Apparent
		Had the Archduke been a cruel tyrant, and had the records of Austrian rule in Bosnia been as bad as they have in fact been good, the murder would still have been an abominable crime.
		His son, the Archduke Rudolf, was shot, or shot himself, under circumstances which have remained a mystery, but were almost certainly dishonouring him and sorely troubling a father who had strong natural affections.
		The Archduke's marriage gave him a strong sympathy with the Slavs of Bohemia; and for that reason perhaps he is said to have leaned much more closely to Russia than the reigning Emperor.
	www.guardian.co.uk /fromthearchive/story/0,12269,1249151,00.html (1084 words)

	Francis Joseph I - MSN Encarta
		Francis Joseph was born in Vienna, the eldest son of Archduke Francis Charles, who was brother and heir of Austrian Emperor Ferdinand I.
		In 1889 his only son and heir to the throne, Archduke Rudolf, committed suicide; in 1898 his wife was assassinated by an Italian anarchist; and in 1914 his nephew, Francis Ferdinand, who had replaced Rudolf as heir to the throne, was assassinated by a Serbian nationalist.
		The murder of Francis Ferdinand precipitated the crisis between Austria-Hungary and Germany on the one hand, and Serbia and Russia on the other, that led to World War I. Francis Joseph did not live to see Austria's defeat in the war and the extinction of the Habsburg monarchy.
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761552571/Francis_Joseph_I.html (470 words)

	Ludwig van Beethoven - Piano Concerto 5
		Compositions dedicated to the Archduke include the Triple Concerto, the Grosse Fugue, the Missa Solemnis, two piano concertos, two piano sonatas, one violin sonata, and the eponymous "Archduke" Trio.
		Yet here there is clear evidence that Beethoven was not merely placating a wealthy supporter, for the Archduke was both a friend and student, a musically talented young nobleman who accepted Beethoven and his compositions despite the eccentricities of both.
		That Beethoven remained close to Rudolf even after his own reputation became well-established stands as proof that the composer was not merely using the young man for his own survival.
	w3.rz-berlin.mpg.de /cmp/beethoven_piano_con5.html (511 words)

	Movie Info for Mayerling on MSN Movies
		This romantic tragedy concerns the Archduke Rudolf (Omar Sharif) and his mistress, the Baroness Maria Vetsera (Catherine Deneuve), and their untimely demise at Mayerling, the sight of the Austrian royal family's hunting lodge.
		Rudolf verbally spars with his father Emperor Franz-Josef (James Mason) about wanting to implement progressive policies for his country.
		Rudolf also contends with the fallout from a loveless marriage with Princess Stephanie (Andrea Parisy).
	entertainment.msn.com /movies/movie.aspx?m=380990 (168 words)

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