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Topic: Archimedes of Syracuse

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	Archimedes
		Archimedes of Syracuse (circa 287 BC - 212 BC), was a Greek mathematician, physicist and engineer.
		Archimedes is probably also the first mathematical physicist on record, and the best before Galileo and Newton.
		Archimedes did probably consider these methods not mathematically precise, and it is assumed that he used these methods to find the laws of geometry, then used more traditional methods to prove them.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/ar/Archimedes.html (707 words)

	Archimedes Palimpsest
		Archimedes was born in the city of Syracuse on the island of Sicily in 287 BC.
		Archimedes' tombstone was, as he had wished, engraved with an image of a sphere within a cylinder, after one of his geometrical treatises.
		Archimedes is also credited with the discovery of the principle of buoyancy, or the power of a fluid to exert an upward force on a body placed in it.
	www.archimedespalimpsest.org /archimedes_bio1.html (1069 words)

	Archimedes
		Archimedes' contributions to science and math include the discovery and development of the laws and principles of mechanics, buoyancy, hydrostatics, specific gravity, the lever, and the pulley; in addition, he discovered how to find the measurement of a circle and the volume of a solid.
		Archimedes lived in Syracuse for his whole life, except for when he went to school in Alexandria, and at one point it was up to Archimedes' inventions to save Syracuse from being taken by the Romans.
		Archimedes loved to study astronomy, and although his career in astronomy is not so amazing as his one in mathematics, he still made discoveries that helped to change the science of astronomy for scientists for generations to come.
	www.hyperhistory.net /apwh/bios/b2archimedes_p1ab.htm (864 words)

	Archimedes
		Archimedes made many contributions to geometry in his work on the areas of plane figures and on the areas of area and volumes of curved surfaces.
		Archimedes proved that the volume of an inscribed sphere is two-thirds the volume of a circumscribed cylinder.
		Archimedes was not content to use that as the biggest number, so he decided to conduct an experiment using large numbers.
	library.thinkquest.org /4116/History/archimedes.htm (269 words)

	BBC - History - Archimedes (c.287 - c.212 BC)
		Archimedes was born in Syracuse on the eastern coast of Sicily and educated in Alexandria in Egypt.
		He is most famous for discovering the law of hydrostatics, sometimes known as 'Archimedes' principle', stating that a body immersed in fluid loses weight equal to the weight of the amount of fluid it displaces.
		During the Roman conquest of Sicily in 214 BC Archimedes worked for the state, and several of his mechanical devices were employed in the defence of Syracuse.
	www.bbc.co.uk /history/historic_figures/archimedes.shtml (249 words)

	TMTh:: ARCHIMEDES OF SYRACUSE (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Archimedes, the greatest mathematician of the ancient world and the greatest mathematical genius in Europe until Newton, was born, lived and died in the Greek city-state of Syracuse, in Sicily.
		Archimedes played a major part in defending his natal city of Syracuse against a protracted Roman siege, as the designer of a host of weapons and machines to repulse the attackers.
		The translator stresses the fact that Archimedes' clock was the first water-powered clock in history, and that it was the fore-runner both of Hero's automata and of the mechanical figures ornamenting the throne of Byzantium.
	www.tmth.edu.gr /en/aet/1/13.html (1303 words)

	Archimedes
		Archimedes of Syracuse is considered by many historians of mathematics to be one of the greatest mathematicians of all time.
		Archimedes was born in 287 B.C. in Syracuse, the largest Greek settlement in Sicily.
		Archimedes perfected the method of integration called the method of exhaustion, or calculating an area by approximating it by the areas of a sequence of polygons.
	www.liteachers.org /wankel/archimedescc.html (1096 words)

	Archimedes --Great Minds, Great Thinkers
		Apart from general physics he was an astronomer, and Cicero writes that in the year 212 BC when Syracuse was raided by Roman troops, the Roman consul Marcellus brought a device which mapped the sky on a sphere and another device that predicted the motions of the sun and the moon and the planets (i.e.
		In this book Archimedes obtains the result he was most proud of: that the area and volume of a sphere are in the same relationship to the area and volume of the circumscribed straight cylinder.
		Archimedes did probably consider these methods not mathematically precise, and he used these methods to find at least some of the areas or volumes he sought, and then used the more traditional method of exhaustion to prove them.
	www.edinformatics.com /great_thinkers/archimedes.htm (1410 words)

	Inventor of the Week: Archive
		Born in Syracuse, Sicily, in ancient Greece between the years 290 and 280 B.C., Archimedes is said to have studied in Egypt with successors of Euclid and may have been related to Hieron II, the king of Syracuse.
		Archimedes was also a talented inventor, having created such devices as the catapult, the compound pulley, the lever, and a system of burning mirrors that was used in battle to focus the sun’s rays on enemies’ ships.
		Archimedes died in Syracuse in approximately 212 B.C., as the city was being sacked by the Roman army during the Second Punic War.
	web.mit.edu /invent/iow/archimedes.html (483 words)

	Archimedes of Syracuse
		Archimedes proved, among many other geometrical results, that the volume of a sphere is two-thirds the volume of a circumscribed cylinder.
		Often times Archimedes' servants got him against his will to the baths, to wash and anoint him, and yet being there, he would ever be drawing out of the geometrical figures, even in the very embers of the chimney.
		Archimedes was killed during the capture of Syracuse by the Romans in the Second Punic War.
	www.math.tamu.edu /~don.allen/history/archimed/archimed.html (972 words)

	Archimedes - Crystalinks
		Archimedes Principal states: an object immersed in a fluid experiences a buoyant force that is equal in magnitude to the force of gravity on the displaced fluid.
		Archimedes probably spent some time in Egypt early in his career, but he resided for most of his life in Syracuse, the principal city-state in Sicily, where he was on intimate terms with its king, Hieron II.
		Archimedes had stated in a letter to King Hieron that given the force, any given weight might be moved, and even boasted, we are told, relying on the strength of demonstration, that if there were another earth, by going into it he could remove this.
	www.crystalinks.com /archimedes.html (2103 words)

	ARCHIMEDES GREEK PHILOSOPHER AND INVENTOR - SOLAR NAVIGATOR WORLD ELECTRIC NAVIGATION CHALLENGE, THE BLUEBIRD ELECTRIC ...
		Archimedes, probably tired after his work during the siege, was sitting on the ground, drawing mathematical figures in the dust.
		Archimedes is generally regarded as the greatest mathematician and scientist of antiquity and one of the three greatest mathematicians of all time.
		Archimedes became a popular figure as a result of his involvement in the defense of Syracuse against the Roman siege in the First and Second Punic Wars.
	www.solarnavigator.net /inventors/archimedes.htm (2065 words)

	Archimedes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Archimedes works at this time are therefore described as magical and mysterious, rather than explained in the words of a modern day scientist.
		Archimedes is known to have spent some years of his life studying at Alexandria which was then the center of Greek science.
		Archimedes is believed to be the inventor of 3 mechanical devices, of which, were not used for war purposes.
	campus.udayton.edu /~hume/Archimedes/archimedes.htm (3020 words)

	Archimedes, of Syracuse
		Archimedes of Syracuse (c287-212 BC) was a mathematician and inventor.
		Among the inventions he is credited with is the Screw of Archimedes, an early type of pump he is thought to have created when in Alexandria, which is still used in traditional agriculture in some areas of the world.
		Archimedes' work the Sandreckoner, in which he introduces his number system, is of historical interest, because it contains an early reference to Aristarchus' heliocentric system and uses results of Phidias (his father) and Eudoxus to determine the size of the universe.
	www.nahste.ac.uk /isaar/GB_0237_NAHSTE_P1090.html (564 words)

	Archimedes biography
		There are, in fact, quite a number of references to Archimedes in the writings of the time for he had gained a reputation in his own time which few other mathematicians of this period achieved.
		Archimedes was killed in 212 BC during the capture of Syracuse by the Romans in the Second Punic War after all his efforts to keep the Romans at bay with his machines of war had failed.
		Archimedes considered his most significant accomplishments were those concerning a cylinder circumscribing a sphere, and he asked for a representation of this together with his result on the ratio of the two, to be inscribed on his tomb.
	www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk /~history/Biographies/Archimedes.html (2705 words)

	Archimedes
		Archimedes was unaware of the taking of the city, as he was intent on working on a problem by drawing figures in the dust.
		Archimedes proceeded to tell the Roman "Stand away from my diagram." As the soldier pulled him away, Archimedes turned and noticed that he was a Roman.
		Archimedes was carrying mathematical instruments, dials, spheres, and angles to Marcellus.
	www.math.wichita.edu /history/men/archimedes.html (902 words)

	The Sand Reckoner, by Archimedes of Syracuse - Numericana
		The system proposed by Archimedes essentially consists of a positional numeration system with a huge base of 100 000 000 (a myriad of myriads), where the "digits" would thus be numbers that educated Greeks could name with relative ease.
		First Archimedes greatly underestimates the size of the Sun whose diameter he believes to be at most 30 lunar diameters, based on earlier estimates of 9 (Eudoxus) 12 (Phidias) and "18 to 24" lunar diameters (Aristarchus).
		Archimedes turns those words into a shaky basis for advocating a finite ratio between the "sphere of fixed star" and what's sometimes known as the classic Greek universe (a sphere whose radius is the Earth-Sun distance).
	home.att.net /~numericana/answer/archimedes.htm (5099 words)

	Buoyancy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		It was not until Archimedes of Syracuse came along, that the theory of flotation and the buoyancy principle were defined.
		Archimedes was born at Syracuse on the island of Sicily in 287 BC.
		In accordance with the expressed desire of Archimedes, his family and friends inscribed on his tomb the figure of his favorite theorem; the sphere and the circumscribed cylinder, and the ratio of the containing solid to the contained.
	www.engineering.usu.edu /jrestate/workshops/buoyancy/buoyancy.php (1607 words)

	Archimedes' Approximation of Pi
		Archimedes' Approximation of Pi Archimedes' Approximation of Pi One of the major contributions Archimedes made to mathematics was his method for approximating the value of pi.
		Archimedes' method is new in that it is an iterative process, whereby one can get as accurate an approximation as desired by repeating the process, using the previous estimate of pi to obtain a new one.
		Archimedes' method, as he did it originally, skips over a lot of computational steps, and is not fully explained, so authors of history of math books have often presented slight variations on his method to make it easier to follow.
	itech.fgcu.edu /faculty/clindsey/mhf4404/archimedes/archimedes.html (1092 words)

	Archimedes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Although Archimedes was a mathematician, he is known for his strategic role in ancient war and the development of military techniques.
		The name Archimedes is connected to a pumping device now known as a Archimedes Screw, which he may have seen in operation in Egypt.
		Archimedes performed numerous geometric proofs using the rigid geometric formalism outlined by Euclid, excelling especially at computing areas and volumes using the method of exhaustion.
	idcs0100.lib.iup.edu /AncGreece/archimedes.htm (578 words)

	Archimedes of Syracuse the Mathematician (2 / 2)
		Archimedes of Syracuse the Mathematician (2 / 2)
		In comparison the number of grains of sand of Archimedes that fill the entire universe (or even that which are required to fill our larger universe as we know today) is nothing compared to the population of the cattle.
		Archimedes determines the centre of gravity of a parallelogram, a triangle, a trapezium, of a segment of a parabola.
	www.mlahanas.de /Greeks/ArchimedesMath2.htm (909 words)

	Archimedes The Life and Work of Archimedes
		Archimedes was an ancient Greek mathematician and inventor born in Syracuse on the island of Sicily.
		It is the assertion of Pappus that this work is a description of the construction of a devise composed of concentric glass spheres, moved by water power, representing the apparent motions of the planets, moon, sun, and perhaps the constellations.
		This indicated a solution to the problem because Archimedes observed that by noting the difference in overflow when the crown and equal weights of gold or silver were immersed he would be able to distinguish if the crown were of pure gold.
	www.redstoneprojects.com /trebuchetstore/archimedes_1.html (564 words)

	Archimedes
		Archimedes had a wide variety of interests, which included encompassing statics, hydrostatics, optics, astronomy, engineering, geometry, and arithmetic.
		Archimedes had more stories passed down through history about his clever inventions than his mathematical theorems.
		Archimedes was unsuccessful until one day as he entered a full bath, he noticed that the deeper he submerged into the tub, the more water flowed out of the tub.
	www.studyworld.com /basementpapers/sec_papers/Archimedes.html (670 words)

	NOVA \| Infinite Secrets \| Library Resource Kit \| Who Was Archimedes? \| PBS
		Archimedes of Syracuse was one of the greatest mathematicians in history.
		In addition, Archimedes proved that the volume of a sphere is two-thirds the volume of a circumscribed cylinder.
		As he wished, Archimedes' tombstone is marked with the figure of a sphere enclosed by a cylinder and the 2:3 ratio of their volumes.
	www.pbs.org /wgbh/nova/archimedes/lrk_biography.html (788 words)

	Archimedes The Life and Work of Archimedes - Page 3
		One other device attributed to Archimedes in conjunction with the siege of Syracuse is a burning mirror that set the Roman ships on fire once they were within bowshot.
		In his first, he states that Archimedes was so involved working a solution to a problem with a diagram that he did not noticed the invasion of the Romans.
		As requested by Archimedes, his friends and relatives placed on his tomb a representation of a cylinder circumscribing a sphere within it and an inscription stating the relationship between the two bodies (the volume of a sphere is equal to two thirds that of the circumscribing cylinder).
	www.redstoneprojects.com /trebuchetstore/archimedes_3.html (524 words)

	Archimedes
		Archimedes was an aristocrat, the son of an astronomer, but little is known of his early life except that he studied for a time in Alexandria, Egypt.
		Archimedes requested that his tombstone be decorated with a sphere contained in the smallest possible cylinder and inscribed with the ratio of the cylinder's volume to that of the sphere.
		Archimedes made fundamental discoveries in several fields, and he then advanced them so far that his results were not improved upon for many centuries.
	scidiv.bcc.ctc.edu /Math/Archimedes.html (805 words)

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